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Tracing the history of synanthropic flora and vegetation in the Czech Republic
Pokorná, Adéla ; Novák, Jan (advisor) ; Lososová, Zdeňka (referee) ; Mercuri, Anna Maria (referee)
1 Abstract Plant macro remains from archaeological situations were studied in order to trace the history of gradual formation of today's synanthropic vegetation. Synanthropic plants represent a heterogeneous group of species with various qualities and strategies, as well as with various immigration histories. In general, the synanthropic flora is rich in aliens, so it is important to know, when exactly these species immigrated to our territory (to know their residence time). Besides the determination of the residence time of alien plants, also the dynamics of formation of urban flora and vegetation was studied. Special attention was paid to the Medieval Period, when the urbanisation process started. The emergence of urban agglomeration may have been the cause of the emergence of new habitats, followed by formation of new plant associations - the predecessors of the today's ones. In general, towns represent a special case of anthropogenic environment with many various synanthropic habitats, causing their species richness. Questions 1. When exactly the synanthropic flora of medieval towns emerged? Was the transition from the Prehistory to the Medieval Period rather gradual or sudden? 2. What particular species took place in the medieval change of synanthropic vegetation? Where did these species come from? Was...
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Parking P&R in Brno
Janyška, Miroslav ; Novák, Jan (referee) ; Holcner, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with organization of parking in the city of Brno focusing on park and ride facilities. It contains basic information about transport infrastructure in Brno, integrated public transport system and multimodal transportation. The practical part is a set of proposals for locations of new P&R lots, their multi–criteria analysis, followed by estimation and comparison with the solution proposed by local authorities. The thesis also contains of analysis of a parking lot in the town of Blansko nearby Brno, that is spontaneously used as a park and ride facility.
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Compiler from Scheme to C/C++
Novák, Jan ; Yaghob, Jakub (advisor) ; Bednárek, David (referee)
Scheme is a simple language which is well suited for analyzing various constructs of programming languages and experiments with code optimization. To implement this language we use an intermediate code called continuation-passing-style, which is widely used in implementations of functional languages. We present its relation to conventional implementations which use stack to control the program. Then we describe simple methods of global static analysis of the language. Analyses are based on abstract interpretation which uses abstract garbage collector. It allows many optimizations such as variable globalization, variable renaming and elimination of unused assignments. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Willingness to pay for green electricity
Novák, Jan ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Gutiérrez Chvalkovská, Jana (referee)
We estimate the willingness to pay for electricity generated from renewable energy in the Czech Republic. Discrete choice experiment is used to elicit preferences for various attributes of renewable electricity support scheme (PM emission, GHG emission, size of RE power plant, revenue distribution, and costs). Original survey is carried with 404 respondents living in two regions - Ustecky (polluted area) and Southern Bohemia (cleaner area). We find that respondents prefer decentralized renewable electricity sources over centralized, local air quality improvements over reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Estimated marginal willingness to pay for 1% reduction in emission of particulate matter equals to 49 CZK, respectively 3.7 % of average monthly electricity bill. In total, WTP for green electricity is larger than current compulsory contributions to renewable energy support scheme. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The mathematical theory of perturbations in cosmology
Novák, Jan ; Pravda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Chopovsky, A. (referee) ; Scholtz, Martin (referee)
We deal with cosmological perturbation theory in my work. We investigate General Theory of Relativity in Higher Dimensions in the Chapter 1. I mention GHP-formalism and algebraical classification of spacetimes. I use spinors to show that spacetimes of dimension 4 are special. I discuss also Kundt spacetimes, which are interesting for perturbation theory of black holes. I work with perturbations of FLRW ST's in GHP formalism in Chapter 2, which we want to use in Cosmological Inflation. The final part of my thesis is connected with scalar perturbations in f(R)-cosmologies, that can be used for explaining accelerated expansion in the last 5 billion years. I investigate the Universe at the scales of 150 Mpc, where I could not use the hydrodynamical approach. Thus I work with the generalization of the Landau's mechanical approach. I need quasi-static approximation for getting the potentials Φ and Ψ, since the equations are too complicated for direct integration. I plan to use the result also for numerical simulation of motions of dwarf galaxies in these potentials. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Anthracological and xylotomy analysis from prehistoric archaeological sites and its relationship to vegetation conditions
Prach, Martin ; Novák, Jan (advisor) ; Beneš, Jaromír (referee)
Xylotomy and anthracological analysis belong to fundamental paleoecological methods used mostly for reconstructing evolution of past wood vegetation. The point of this analysis is utilizing either charred or uncharred ancient wood material in the form of taxonomical determination of particular fragments, resulting in conclusions pointing towards reconstruction of species composition of past vegetation. In its first part, this work deals with brief introduction of the method, containing its short history, different methodological approaches and possible complications with final conclusions. The literature review part contains geographically sorted analysis of studies from continental Europe from Spain to Sweden, published mostly in english. Keywords: charcoal, wood, reconstruction of vegetation, archeology, anthracology
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Forest vegetation in Eastern Elbe Basin in the mid-20th century and today
Pospíšková, Marie ; Hédl, Radim (advisor) ; Novák, Jan (referee)
This thesis describes the shift in vegetation of broadleaf forests in eastern part of the Elbe River Basin between 1958-1968 and 2011-2013. It emphasizes the understorey vegetation. From lowland woodlands in other temperate regions in Europe and North America changes towards eutrophic and mesophytic vegetation are documented, specifically driven by changes in forest management and by atmospheric depositions; in some localities the game impact can be also important. The data were obtained by sampling 190 typological semi-permanent plots, which were precisely located - in 43% the original soil pit was found. The vegetation on study sites shifted towards nutrient-demanding, shade- adapted species, it was partly ruderalized. These changes can be seen on the level of species and communities as well as on phytosociological level. Increase of soil pH and moisture was discovered using Ellenberg indicator values. The number of seedlings and cover of shrubs also increased significantly. Homogenization of sites was significant as well although total number of species and alpha- diversity remained unchanged. These changes are probably caused by changes in forest management and by atmospheric depositions of nitrogen. On subset of plots in game-preserves the vegetation also demonstrated eutrophication but no increase in...
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