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The Sudeten German party in Parliament. A collective biography of the members of the parliamentary group of the Sudeten German Party and the Karpaten German Party
Zvánovec, Mikuláš ; Konrád, Ota (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of this work is the interpretation of the available biographical data of all deputies and senators of the Czechoslovak National Assembly, who worked in a joint parliamentary club of the Sudeten German Party (SGP) and the Karpaten German Party (KGP) in the period from the entry of the czechoslovak parliament in 1935 to the Anschluss of Austria in the spring of 1938. The Sudeten German Party became after the elections in 1935 the strongest party in the interwar Czechoslovakia by number of votes and played a significant role in the pre- Munich era. The stated objective of the unification of the entire German population in Czechoslovakia was largely fulfilled, thus the party became very heterogeneous. Using the methods of collective biography the work is aimed at providing all available sources to obtain data on the social and political background as well as on the various political and professional careers of the particular party officials who represented the SGP resp. the KDP in the Czechoslovak parliament and on the basis of these data should the results be put into the historical and social context and their common and different features be interpreted. The work assumes that with the help of this method there can be obtained new perspectives on the development within the SGP, which would be...
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Repatriation of Czechoslovak exile from Great Britain after the Second World War
Kučera, Jaroslav ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Horak, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this work is to present how the repatriation from the UK to the liberated Czechoslovakia took place after World War II. The inclusion of the Czechoslovak repatriation to international repatriation action is necessary to emphasize the role of international organizations without this the whole event could not be undrstood correctly. Firstly, the paper focuses on many years of planning repatriation by London exile government which was incredibly tedious process not only for itself but also for the Allies. Planning is encountered a lot of problems and in addition to some conclusions had to wait until the end of the Second World War as it was necessary to know the current situation in the home country. Secondly, the work presents itself start, progress and conclusion repatriation focusing on individual transports and difficulties that accompany them. In conclusion, the paper presents several returnees with their life stories during the duration of their stay in England and after their return to their homeland. KEY WORDS:Czechoslovakia, Exile, Repatriation, Second World War
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Transformation of social policy in Czech lands after 1945 on the example of the emergence and adoption of the law on combating alcoholism
Seifertová, Tereza ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
The presented work deals with the changes in social policy in Czechoslovakia after World War II. These changes have been illustrated on the specific example of the Law on Combating Alcoholism. The aim of this thesis was to broaden the knowledge of how the problem of alcoholism in Czech society after 1945 was perceived, monitored and assessed. It also assesses the ways to eliminate this negative phenomenon by state institutions and other organizations. The period described in the study is from May 1945 to April 1948, when the Law no. 87/1948 Coll., on the fight against alcoholism, was passed. The hypothesis - which was confirmed - was that the state's effort to ensure better care for citizens was demonstrated by institutionalization of the fight against alcoholism and by associated greater intrusion into personal rights. The thesis is divided into four chapters, the first chapter describes the perception of alcoholism in the context of the post-war socio-political situation in Czechoslovakia, the second chapter is dedicated to initiatives and single particular individual resolutions that led to the draft law on combating alcoholism. The third chapter analyses the law itself and the final, fourth chapter deals with other activities that have been kept in the fight against alcoholism. The study is...
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From publicly owned to private owned company - The case study of Carl Zeiss company transformation within the reunification of Germany.
Novotný, Ondřej ; Kučera, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kačmárová, Pavla (referee)
The thesis is focused on a company transition from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented economy. It attempts to illustrate the example of German company Carl Zeiss (Jena), which was after World War II divided into two new companies - eastern VEB Carl Zeiss Jena and western Carl Zeiss Oberkochen. After the fall of the Berlin Wall were both companies reunified. Due to the large differences in the economic environment from which both companies came, it was a very difficult process that lasted almost until the beginning of the second half of the 90s. Like most of the former East German corporate sector, the Jena factory found itself in a crisis. Jena hoped, however, that it will gain support from the western brother in Oberkochen. However, due to inherent problems of Oberkochen and excessive production structure of Jena could Western counterpart assume take over only a small part of the eastern company. Through the privatization, which was in charge of the Treuhandanstalt, paradoxically another partition of the factory in Jena occurred. From everything that was not assumed by Oberkochen, was founded the company Jenoptik. The aim of the study is to determine, if the two companies have survived the transformation, also to which extent can their transformation be described as a successful one...
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Debt Brake as an Instrument for Consolidation of Public Budgets in Germany
Sillmen, David ; Mlsna, Petr (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
The presented thesis examines the process of adoption of new constitutional rule - debt brake - into german Grundgesetz. Germany attempts to establish the debt brake not only on European level, but also recommends other EU states to accept it. The goal of this thesis is to descripe and evaluate the process which has led up to acceptance of the debt brake as one of potential solutions to stop the excessively growing indebtedness and which has been by far influenced by the work of II. commision for federalism reform. The thessis strives to answer the questions if there was political, expert and social agreement on the issue, how does it influence budget sovereignty of the federal lands and if it really can be an effective instrument in the effort for stopping of indebtness increase, alternatively if it brings any effect even before it came into force, for example in the form of preparing of the budgets for 2016 and 2020 respectivelly. One part of the thesis is dedicated to Swiss debt brake, which served as a model for the german one, especially in terms of it's functionality. Even though it is complicated to evaluate the debt brake before it came into force, the results of the thesis showed for example the problematic nature of the relation between debt brake in the Grundgesetz and individual...
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German anti- fascists in Czechoslovakia after World War II in comparison with the Carlsbad region
Deutschová, Kristýna ; Kučera, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Konrád, Ota (referee)
Between the German speaking population in the territory of Czechoslovakia, in years 1938 to 1945, was a group of people who were against the Nazi politics and who showed their will to defend the Czechoslovak country. Many of them participated actively too, mainly through foreign resistance, and a lot of them were imprisoned in concentration camps or even condemned to death. This bachelor thesis is about German anti-fascists in Czechoslovakia after the year 1945 and it partially focuses on the area of Carlsbad. After the definition of problematic concept anti-fascism and foreshadowing the position of anti-fascists in Czechoslovakia after the signature of the Munich Agreement, there is a description in individual chapters that are describing the development of the situation of German anti-fascist in the territory of Czechoslovakia after the World War II and conditions that were in place when the anti-fascist transports were leaving the country. In the last part of the thesis there is an outline describing the development of a situation of German anti-fascists in the area of Carlsbad. This thesis is trying to examine the development of a situation of German anti-fascist, in continuity with other parts of the land, and to define incidental differences.
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The train transports of Germans from Cheb region in 1946
Jaška, Petr ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
Thesis addresses the expulsion of Germans from Cheb region in 1946. Aim of my work was to map out the process in the region and compare its dynamics and parameters with countrywide numbers. I focused on expulsion trains were dispatched from the Cheb region into American and Soviet occupation zones. When mapping the process I used mainly archival materials SOKA Cheb and Cheb chronicle of the years 1945 - 1947. This work is a compilation of historical description and analysis. Based on the sources I was able to describe the whole process, although the accuracy of the numbers decrease at the end. This is mainly due to the lack of documentation to transports to the Soviet zone in the summer of 1946. Despite this deficiency that I found out that the process of expulsion from the Cheb region has been slowed compare to the countrywide numbers. Expulsion of Germans from the Cheb region culminated in the late summer and early autumn, so in a time when main wave of displacement of the German population in the whole country ended. Facility and equipment of transport trains have been according to standards set in the directives governing local authorities but manage and elaborated by the Ministry of the Interior. The main findings of the work is the fact that the expulsion of Germans from Cheb region had...
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The Shoah - Culture of Remembering in the Czech Republic after 1989
Heroldová, Karolína ; Kučera, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Koeltzsch, Ines (referee)
The culture of remembering Shoah in the Czech Republic after the year 1989 is the topic of this thesis. It deals also with the time between 1945 and 1989, when the Communists ruled in the Czechoslovakia. This time, especially the 60s, influenced the development after the year 1989, probably established the base for the culture of remembering. The thesis deals with the two big institutions (Terezín Memorial and the Pinkas Synagogue, by implication the Jewish Museum in Prague) and the new contemporary projects that focuses on the Shoah- remembrance (Train Lustig, Stolpersteine, Yom ha-shoah, Forgotten Transports etc.). The thesis tries to indicate if ever and how much the Shoah memorial culture has changed in Czech republic after 1989 by analysing the new memorial projects and comparing them to already established institutions. The author of each contemporary project, his/her Jewishness, the motivation, the way of presentation objective of the project, its social impact and success ( if can be measured) - all is subject to analysis. The thesis also lightly reflects international situation in memorial culture, and tries to set the Czech practice to international context. International context is important as Czech contemorary projects have been inspired by foreign projects.
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The Trial with the Protectorate Government
Havelková, Lenka ; Šafařík, Petr (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis is focused on medial presentation of the trial with the protectorate government. On the case of this process I try to show how this historical trial was depicted on the pages of the periodical press Rudé právo, Lidová demokracie and Svobodné noviny. On the background of this analysis of the historical press I intend to picture the character of the afterwar years which had been characterized by groundbreaking changes within the czech society and the state. From this reason I pay attention to the question of the impact of the war on the exil london government's plans for the reconstruction of the postwar Czechoslovakia. Regarding the connection with all the postwar changes I try to picture the background of the origin of the retribution, both from the czech and foreign point of view. In consideration of the fact, that the retribution itself was a kind of means of coping with the past and starting a new period of existence, I also try do depict the political background of the trial with the protectorate government. Particularly I focus on the attempts to influence this trial and discussions, that had been circulating regarding the guilt and punishment of the defendants. The interests of the political representation were related to the media, which kept providing lots of information about...
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The post-war election of 1946 in Czechoslovakia as a turning point in the rise to power of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
Častorálová, Andrea ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Kučera, Jaroslav (referee)
ABSTRACT Bachelor thesis "The post-war elections of 1946 in Czechoslovakia as a turning point of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia power takeover" focuses on transformation of the political tactics of the the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia after the elections in 1946. Since the restoration of the the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in 1945 till the February revolution in 1948, the procedure of absolute communist takeover of the government in the country underwent a significant change. The first part describes events preceding the elections, which has become an important factor affecting the outcome. It was not only the rules established by the National Front, which for example limited the number of participants or the election campaign, but also on the course and event promotion. The second part of the thesis analyses the reactions of the main leaders on the outcome and in particular focuses on the preparation of the next steps of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. Further follows a period of joint government during which the communists focused on controlled internal decay of other non-communist parties represented in the National Front and the gradual penetration into the society. The thesis ends with a brief look at the February revolution in 1948 which was the culmination of a...
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