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Obesity of young school - age children
Svobodová, Petra ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Martin (referee)
The thesis deals with problematic of obesity of school-aged children, focuses on different points of view, tries to find out reasons leading to obesity and effects of obesity on the health and psyche of children. Obesity is defined as excess adipose tissue above optimal limits. Obesity mechanically burdens static strain and musculoskeletal system and makes worst physiological functions. The thesis is composed of a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with causes of obesity, with prevention, effects of overweight and compares opinions of Czech and world authors. The practical part is based on measuring weight and height of sample of children from schools in Pribram. The results of questionnaires filled by children attending 4th grade of primary schools are examined. Children answered questions related to their eating habits and their leisure time. Due to the fact that the number of obese children is increasing continually, it is necessary to be more focused on prevention and helping overweight children and their families. Key words Obesity, overweight, genetics, eating habits, leisure activities, metabolism, prevention, effects.
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Chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic
Dvořák, Martin
Title Chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic Abstract The goal of this work is to evaluate the chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic, which provide education of four-year study programs with school leaving exam. At first, question form of data gathering was used at the part of these schools. The general goal was narrowed by analyzing the answers of a questionnaire and the next work was concentrated on creating a study material containing themes of the chemistry of building materials. This material was used during the period of its creation and was modified due to the reactions of the students. The material was then extended with themes of general, inorganic, organic chemistry and biochemistry. The learning material was extended to the form of practice book, which has been used as a main educational tool for the chemistry education. The learning material was evaluated by theoretical methodology and by anonymous questionnaire filled by students. The objective evaluation of the impact of the learning material on the school grades was analyzed through five years. Key words Chemistry of building materials, secondary schools, learning material, workbook.
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Comparison of body composition and lifestyle tennis players and student of secondary school
Peteříková, Vendula ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Martin (referee)
Title: Comparison of body composition and lifestyle tennis players and student of secondary school. Objectives: The main objective of this work is to investigate the link between body composition and the amount and form of physical activity, diet and leisure time in adolescent girls. Further characterization of selected indicators of body composition in female players, who regularly undergo intense training load with girls without regular physical activity. Then evaluate their overall lifestyle. Methods: To obtain data for the assessment of body composition was used bioimpedance analysis, we used monofrequency device BODYSTAT 1500 MDD with the regression equation for the monitored age group. The amount of physical activity, diet and leisure time was obtained by written inquiries using a modified questionnaire 6th CAV 2001 for children and youth added with 4 custom questions related to lifestyle. Results: The result of this work is the finding that regular physical training in the amount of at least 10 hours per week leads to a reduction in body fat and at the same time to increase the amount of lean mass. Furthermore, according to the results we can conclude that the amount of body fat does not only depend on the volume and intensity of training, but are also crucial dietary habits of adolescent...
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Fitness rowing as a way how to influence hypokinesis of adults
Kyselá, Kristýna ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Martin (referee)
Title of bachelor thesis: Fitness rowing as a way how to influence hypokinesis of adults. Author: Kristýna Kyselá Supervisor of bachelor thesis: Prof. Ing. Václav Bunc, CSc. Objective: Verify the applicability of rowing not only as a convenient means of influencing physical fitness but also as a maintaince of mental health for adults. Methodology: Survey filled by two prague rowing clubs - Rowing club Bohemians Praha, Rowing club Smíchov and two coaches from each of them were used to fulfill the objectives. Participants of that survey were 21-78 years old and the total number of them is 25. Results: Participants expressed satisfaction with rowing - in the survey they said that they definitely feel better physically and they also reported psychological well- being and they want to continue rowing. For that group of participants rowing can be used as a solution of lack of psysical activity in the age range of 21-78 years. Keywords: hypokinesis, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, healthy lifestyle, physical activity, fitness rowing
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The effect of training with GUN-eX system on trunk strenght and upper body limbs strength.
Mošna, Pavel ; Strejcová, Barbora (advisor) ; Dvořák, Martin (referee)
Title: The effect of training with GUN-eX system on trunk and upper limbs strength. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of six weeks training program with GUN-eX system on isometric trunk strenght and isokinetic upper body limbs strenght. Methods: It was an experimental study with two groups of volunteers. Experimental group was consists of 8 persons (6 men and 2 women) in an average age of 25 ± 2 years. Control group was consist of 8 persons too (6 men and 2 women) in average age of 28 ± 7 years. Experimental group participated in six weeks strength training program with GUN-eX ropes and control group did not participate in this program. We used the analyses of variance with repeated measures 2x2 (time x intervention). Results: We found significant changes in peak torque of right upper limbs (UL) extensors in angular velocity of 60ř/s (p=0,04), in work per repetition of left UL extensors in angular velocity of 180ř/s (p=0,02). In total work (per 15 repetition in angular velocity of 240ř/s) we found significant change of left UL extensors (p=0,03) and almost in right UL extensors. The average power per repetition increased for left UL extensors significantly in all angular velocities, 60ř/s (p=0,04), 180ř/s (p=0,02) and 240ř/s (p=0,04). We found the differences between extensors...
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Preparation of recombinant cytochrome P450 1A1
Dvořák, Martin ; Svášková, Dagmar (advisor) ; Ingr, Marek (referee)
5 Abstract Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is one of the major isoforms of the cytochrome P450 superfamily. It is primarily an extrahepatic enzyme which is responsible for oxidation of many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other xenobiotics. Besides of the role in detoxification metabolism CYP1A1 is the one most important isoform involved in activation of procarcinogens. The main aim of this project was preparation of two modifications of the rat CYP1A1 gene with codon optimization for expression in E. coli by gene synthesis. One was wild type (wt1A1) and the other was with modified N-terminal anchor (mod1A1) - for both modifications with or without His Tag at the C-end of CYP1A1. Furthermore, an aim was to compare their level of expression in different strains of E. coli and try to purify and assess enzymatic activity of the gene's products. From pre-prepared oligonucleotides 2 "syntons" (parts of gene) were synthetized and separately inserted into pUC19. After verified sequence of the "syntons" they were cleaved from pUC19 and inserted together into pET-22b. These vectors were prepared for transformation of 3 strains of E. coli (BL-21 (DE3) GOLD, RIL a RIPL). For production of proteins many conditions were tested: temperature (18, 22, 24, 27 a 37 řC), time of production (untill 48 hours), concentration...
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Habitat quality assessment of anthropogenous modified streams - application to the Bílina River basin
Dvořák, Martin
This diploma thesis deals with human impact on the river network. There are substantial changes in hydrographical network of the North Bohemia. The river habitat was influenced by strong human impact, which is connected with coal mining. This situation calls for solutions if sustainable usage of water resources is to be guaranteed by ecohydrological principles. This thesis, working out in the Bílina River basin, presents application of two ecomorphological methods - EcoRivHab (Matoušková, 2003, 2007) and LAWA Overview Survey (Fleischhacker, Kern, 2002). Their analysis and comparison of the results were performed on Bílina River. Also there was executed an analysis of water quality on Bílina River and summary of most significant human modification in landscape of Bílina River basin.
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Reason for development of childhood obesity not related with health condition
Horáková, Petra ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Dvořák, Martin (referee)
Title: Reasons for development of childhood obesity not related with health condition. Objectives: This thesis is focused on the subject matter of reasons for development of children's obesity not related with the health condition. I will work with children aged 11 to 15 years from the primary school ZŠ Velké Přílepy and the grammar school Gymnázium Nad Štolou in Prague. The target of this thesis include assessment of life style, movement activities and diet habits of children in an urban and a rural school. Namely such factors or conditions will be covered like lack of movement and sedentary life style, unsuitable diet habits and excessive eating, pressure of the environment, family conditions, social and economic life conditions, etc. Differences between the two mentioned schools will be examined and BMI of all children considered. Methods: The quantitative method - an inquiry - is used to achieve the results. A series of 14 closed questions focused on obtaining information from children of the two different schools. From the closed questions (age, body weight and body height) their BMI will be calculated. Together 160 children submitted the inquiry. The questions are focused on their diet regime and habits, questions related with movement activities and life style of the children. Results:...
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Chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic
Dvořák, Martin ; Čtrnáctová, Hana (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Rovnaník, Pavel (referee)
Title Chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic Abstract The goal of this work is to evaluate the chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic, which provide education of four-year study programs with school leaving exam. At first, question form of data gathering was used at the part of these schools. The general goal was narrowed by analyzing the answers of a questionnaire and the next work was concentrated on creating a study material containing themes of the chemistry of building materials. This material was used during the period of its creation and was modified due to the reactions of the students. The material was then extended with themes of general, inorganic, organic chemistry and biochemistry. The learning material was extended to the form of practice book, which has been used as a main educational tool for the chemistry education. The learning material was evaluated by theoretical methodology and by anonymous questionnaire filled by students. The objective evaluation of the impact of the learning material on the school grades was analyzed through five years. Key words Chemistry of building materials, secondary schools, learning material, workbook.
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Possibilities, how patients NIDDM can use physical activities
Franěk, Michal ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Martin (referee)
Title: Possibilities, how patients NIDDM can use physical activities Leader: Prof. Ing. Václav Bunc, Csc. Aim: The intend of this work, based on the study of literature, is to explain key words, which are connected with diabetes mellitus and difference between first and second type The main aim is to evaluate influence of physical activities for patients with NIDDM and draw an analogy how a diabetic can improve your heath doing physical exercises Methods: Study of literature and other sources (internet, lectures) on the chosen topic. Method for assessing the effect of exercise and its accuracy, I chose four characteristic points for motion training: a form of exercise, intensity of exercise, type of exercise and duration of exercise, known by the acronym F.I.T.T. These points are evaluated individually due to the patient with the disease diabetes mellitus II. Results: From this work shows that regular physical activity leads to losing some weight, lowering blood glucose and blood pressure, improving well-being and so it reduces the risk of associated diseases. It must be the principles of F.I.T.T., individualized for each patient. Physical activity has an overall positive effect on diabetes of the second type Keywords: Diabetes, physical activity, obesity, lifestyle
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