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The collapses of distant worlds
Kozina, Václav ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Horák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The collapses of distant worlds" deals with interpretations of the conquista of Mexico and Peru (i.e. the conquests of Aztec and Inca empires). The basic question, which all the works considering the conquista deal with, is: how could the arrival of small groups of Spanish conquerors disrupt great Indian empires in such a short time? My thesis has two main goals: to define the typology of interpretations of the conquista and offer my own interpretation which places emphasis on the role of mentalities and cultural complexes. I have distinguished four basic types of interpretations of the conquista: 1. the metaphysical ones; 2. the technological ones; 3. the environmental ones; 4. the mentalistic ones. I used the conception of mentalities (derived from the work of Lucien Lévy-Bruhl) and the system conception of cultur, where I worked with the term "cultural complex" especially. After my approach the conquista represented the clash between two different types of mentalities: the archaic one (which Indian societies featured) and the literary one (which was developed in European societies). Differences in mentalities and cultural complexes provided advantages to the Spaniards in their struggles with the Aztecs and the Incas. So finally the Spanish conquest of Indian empires is...
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Urbanisation of the !Xun Bushmen in the area of Grootfontein in Namibia
Nedvěd, Radek ; Kandert, Josef (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Skalník, Petr (referee)
Although overlooked by both administrators and anthropologists and numerically rather marginal, the Bushmen have been always part of the Namibian urban spaces on their erstwhile territories. Based on several field research trips to the area of Grootfontein between 2007 and 2013 and archival research, this dissertation outlines the complex historical processes and factors influencing the mobility of the !Xun Bushmen into and out of the urban space of Grootfontein in the commercial farm area of Namibia. Even though the mobility to its urban space was largely legally controlled during both the German and South African rule, the Bushmen continuously managed to penetrate it. With the development of the Blikkiesdorp settlement in the township of Grootfontein in the early 2000s the number of !Xun in the town considerably increased and they became an integral part of the settlement. This dissertation argues that the reasons for Bushman urbanisation are far more complex than being solely economically motivated. Although, the main focus of this case study is on the urban locality of Grootfontein, its author is convinced many of its data are generalisible on other urban areas within the commercial farm area as well.
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Kulturní reprezentace rozdělené společnosti; Případová studie - Izrael v ČR
Pánek Jurková, Jitka ; Pešek, Jiří (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Klimeš, Ondřej (referee)
MSc. Jitka Pánek Jurková CULTURAL REPRESENTATION OF A DIVIDED SOCIETY: The Case of Israel in the Czech Republic Abstract: The thesis explores the cultural representation of the State of Israel in the Czech Republic from an anthropological perspective, depicting how the topic of the state is appropriated and represented by different actors. Among its key theoretical statements, the thesis differentiates between cultural diplomacy-governmentally facilitated communication with a foreign audience through whatever is considered as culture-and the cultural representation of a state-the resulting picture of a state that depends on a multiplicity of narratives that emerge when various actors use the topic of the state to publicly assert their self-understanding. In an actor-oriented analysis, based on events observation, the thesis deals with the Israeli foreign policy institutions, artists engaged in cultural diplomatic activities, the Diaspora, audiences, various Czech non-governmental actors including pro-Israeli support groups, BDS movements, and others. The thesis analyzes Czech-Israeli bilateral relations and their impact on current Israeli cultural representation, concluding that while formerly close, the contexts of the two countries are drifting apart, creating "false familiarity" in cultural...
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The collapses of distant worlds
Kozina, Václav ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Horák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The collapses of distant worlds" deals with interpretations of the conquista of Mexico and Peru (i.e. the conquests of Aztec and Inca empires). The basic question, which all the works considering the conquista deal with, is: how could the arrival of small groups of Spanish conquerors disrupt great Indian empires in such a short time? My thesis has two main goals: to define the typology of interpretations of the conquista and offer my own interpretation which places emphasis on the role of mentalities and cultural complexes. I have distinguished four basic types of interpretations of the conquista: 1. the metaphysical ones; 2. the technological ones; 3. the environmental ones; 4. the mentalistic ones. I used the conception of mentalities (derived from the work of Lucien Lévy-Bruhl) and the system conception of cultur, where I worked with the term "cultural complex" especially. After my approach the conquista represented the clash between two different types of mentalities: the archaic one (which Indian societies featured) and the literary one (which was developed in European societies). Differences in mentalities and cultural complexes provided advantages to the Spaniards in their struggles with the Aztecs and the Incas. So finally the Spanish conquest of Indian empires is...
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Urbanisation of the !Xun Bushmen in the area of Grootfontein in Namibia
Nedvěd, Radek ; Kandert, Josef (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Skalník, Petr (referee)
Although overlooked by both administrators and anthropologists and numerically rather marginal, the Bushmen have been always part of the Namibian urban spaces on their erstwhile territories. Based on several field research trips to the area of Grootfontein between 2007 and 2013 and archival research, this dissertation outlines the complex historical processes and factors influencing the mobility of the !Xun Bushmen into and out of the urban space of Grootfontein in the commercial farm area of Namibia. Even though the mobility to its urban space was largely legally controlled during both the German and South African rule, the Bushmen continuously managed to penetrate it. With the development of the Blikkiesdorp settlement in the township of Grootfontein in the early 2000s the number of !Xun in the town considerably increased and they became an integral part of the settlement. This dissertation argues that the reasons for Bushman urbanisation are far more complex than being solely economically motivated. Although, the main focus of this case study is on the urban locality of Grootfontein, its author is convinced many of its data are generalisible on other urban areas within the commercial farm area as well.
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Three Scrambles for Africa
Zaayman, Wouter H. ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee) ; Budil, Ivo (referee)
This thesis examines three pertinent periods regarding Africa's relationship with specific countries and power blocks outside the continent from the period leading up to the colonisation of Africa followed by what is termed the Second Scramble which, analyses the process of competition and geopolitical tension between the two superpowers during the Cold War period, pertaining to expanding their influence amongst African countries and the extent to which the process excited geopolitical competition. The Third Scramble encompasses the period from the end of the Cold War to the present. Reviewing the process of Africa's relationship throughout these specific periods remains unfamiliar to the majority of academics not only in the Czech Republic but also internationally and presents a new field of research. Although Africa continues to be well researched within certain fields of social sciences, it is within the field of political geography and by extension, geopolitics that there remains a deficiency regarding comprehensive study and critical analysis of the subject in general. Compounded to this is the fact that the vast majority of research is by academics who themselves are not from Africa. Hence, a situation prevails, whereby the subject itself is viewed from the periphery as opposed to from...
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Suicide as Search of Life
Žák, Stanislav ; Ventura, Václav (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Budil, Ivo (referee)
Searching for the primary causes of human suicidal behaviour, if any primary causes even exists, I put the following question: Is voluntary termination of life something abnormal that has its cause in health, psychical or social stress of the individual or does it not have to be so? If the cause of human suicidal behaviour is the result of any disturbance in the organism, why the suicide rate increases the most where health care is at the maximum possible level and where the suicide is, in terms of cultural history, considered to be a symptom of one of the worst health abnormalities or ethic aberrances of human life? Can the causes of human suicidal behaviour also consist in other things than in health, psychological or social breakdown of human organism? In my thesis, I seek the answer to this question. It is generally known that the human is a very complex being which needs not only good health and social conditions but also spiritual conditions for its life and survival. In my opinion, it is a tragedy of scientifically focused approach of the modern era, which at the same time rigorously restricts socially acknowledged boundaries of human knowledge, that it refuses to take into account the research of this fourth dimension of human existence. It was C. G. Jung who came to this opinion; as he says: "Where...
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Culture of Roma settlements
Jakoubek, Marek ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Budil, Ivo (referee) ; Patočka, Jiří (referee) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
Tématem následujících stránek je analýza kultury romských osad. Přestože je sousloví "romské osady" poměrně hojně frekventované, v otázce jeho užívání panuje značný zmatek a je tedy již téměř nemožné zjistit a říci, co si pod ním ten který autor vlastně představuje. V této stati budu toto označení užívat jako termín a obsahem mé práce bude do značné míry právě snaha o jeho definici. Jako každý termín, je i pojem "romská osada" svou povahou arbitrární, jedná se o konvenční, nehodnotící nálepku. Důvodem, proč jsem jako jeden z centrálních pojmů zvolil zaužívané a významově přetížené sousloví je ten, že za prvé laický výraz "romská osada" má konotace blízké významu tohoto pojmu v přítomné stati (v tomto ohledu se tedy jedná jen o jakousi kultivaci slova běžné mluvy) a za druhé dosavadní pokusy o zavedení jiného označení pomocí neologizmu dosud vždy selhaly (ať se již jednalo o termín slovenské státní správy "obytná zoskupenia na nízkom sociokultúrnom stupni" či termín "kumulovaná romská sídliště" 1 z autorské dílny S. Kužela). Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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