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Attitudes toward Health and Illness in Muslim World
NOVOTNÁ, Dominika
This master thesis researches the perception of health and illness in the Muslim world. It aims to map out specific viewpoints related to health and disease within this context. The research is guided by four key questions: How do Muslims perceive the value of health?, How do Muslims perceive illness?, What was their views on healthcare provided by the public health system, and what expectations do they have?, What has been their experience with the care they received? Did it meet their expectations? The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on three main areas: transcultural nursing care, Islam, and specific considerations in treatment of Muslim patients. Each area introduces fundamental concepts that are subsequently explored in the research section. Hence, the theoretical part covers the concept of the "rising sun" model, the theory of care, and the importance of understanding cultural nuances. In the second part, the thesis focuses on terms relevant to Islam, including the Prophet Muhammad, the Quran, and the five pillars of Islam. The final section discusses theories related to caring for Muslim patients, emphasizing communication, respect for personal space, attitudes toward health and illness, and unique particularities. The empirical part of the thesis was elaborated through qualitative research using semi-structured interviews. A total of twenty-two questions were posed to six Muslim participants residing in the Czech Republic. These interviews provided valuable data for further exploration. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a pen-and-paper method. The results of the entire research study were categorized into four main areas, containing a total of fourteen subcategories. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the perception of health and illness in the Muslim world, as well as aspects related to prevention and the public healthcare system. It was proved by the study that the public healthcare system in the Czech Republic is highly regarded by Muslims, who can rely on its services. However, a significant challenge lies in the insufficient cultural competence of healthcare personnel when providing care to patients who adhere to Islam. Based on the collected and analyzed data, educational materials have been developed. These materials aim to enhance the knowledge of healthcare professionals, enabling them to understand the fundamental specifics of caring for Muslim patients. By doing so, healthcare providers can proactively address potential issues, improve the patient experience during their stay in healthcare facilities, and offer valuable support during challenging life situations.
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Payments of a fiscal nature in Islamic law
Vojtěch, Jakub ; Kohajda, Michael (advisor) ; Kotáb, Petr (referee)
Abstract, Thesis Title, Keywords in English Language The text aims to offer a depiction of the system of selected payments having tax features, which are contained in Islamic law, based on a wide range of specialized literature and especilally on the primary sources of Islamic law. The primary objective of this paper is a review of the Islamic payments of a fiscal nature from the point of view of the theoretical knowledge as stated in the Czech tax legal theory. The system of Islamic payments that have been examined includes: i) Zakat, ii) Jizya, iii) Kharaj, iv) Khums, v) Sadaqa, including its form of Waqf, and finally vi) 'Ushr. From the perspective of the Czech tax legal theory only Zakat, Jizya, Kharaj and 'Ushr meet (albeit often with certain caveats) the obligatory theoretical requirements for taxes. Thesis Title: Payments of a fiscal nature in Islamic law. Keywords: Islam; Law; Taxes.
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Islamic Culture in Euro-Mediterranean Dialogue and its Reflection in the Czech Lands
Gombárová, Jana ; Soukup, Václav (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee) ; Novotná, Yvona (referee)
PhDr. Jana Gombárová Islamic Culture in Euro-Mediterranean Dialogue and its Reflection in the Czech Lands Abstract The general aim of the present Ph.D. thesis is a reflection of Islamic culture within the Euro-Mediterranean multi-cultural dialogue. Its specific aim is a study of reflection of the Arab and Islamic communities in the Czech Republic. The first chapter provides methodological and theoretical analyses of the conceptions of "end of history" by Francis Fukuyama and "clash of civilisations" by Samuel P. Huntington, which provoked a wide and controversial discussion both around the world and in our country. It also provides an analysis of more recent "catastrophic scenarios" (Laqueur, Spencer, Rodrígez, Sarazin). The Islamic culture within the Euro-Mediterranean dialogue and with the history of Barcelona process of cooperation of the European Union with the South- Mediterranean countries, which culminated in founding of the Union for Mediterranean in 2010, are also included in the chapter. Anna Lindh Foundation as a European non- government organisation and its network in the Czech Republic is an object of special interest. The last part of the chapter includes the controversial results of the "Arab Spring" characterized by the rise of Islamists to power. The second chapter is focused on...
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Discourse Analysis of Islamic Terrorist Propaganda on the Internet
Fuxa, Filip ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor)
Thesis Discourse Analysis of Islamic Terrorist Propaganda on the Internet uses the method of thematic discourse analysis to study jihadi discussion forums in the cyberspace. Since the beginning of the last decade of the 20th century the Internet has became one of the most powerful communication tools through which are jihadi terrorists able to reach thousands of Muslims worldwide. After the traditional Western media had intensively begun to filter terrorist messages shortly after 11/9/2001, jihadists found a perfect way how to draw attention of these media once more - not directly, but through the Internet communication which is widely used by traditional media as a source of their content. The first part of this thesis presents theoretical framework for the second, purely practical part. Firstly, this paper deals with propaganda as a form of communication, shows the Internet as a medium that has absorbed all other media, and analyses the terrorism spread through the Internet. The main part of this study focuses on the jihadi discourse, through which jihadists view the Islamic world as suffering under the oppression of the West to persuade passive Muslim audience to join the jihad. This paper deals not only with different types of propaganda, but also with intentions of propagandists and the means...
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The Contemporary Form of the Bektashi Order in Albania, Kosovo and North Macedonia: Sources of Bektashi Spirituality
Korábečný, Martin ; de la Vega Nosek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Štampach, Ivan (referee)
- anglicky The focus of this thesis is folk spirituality of the bektashi order. A field research trip in Albania, Kosovo and North Macedonia has been conducted to show the importance of the category of the Sacred. For this reason the first part of thesis deals with the category of the sacred and the category of spirituality, and contains application of the category of the Sacred on bektashiya. We use the model here proposed by Ninian Smart and Zdeněk Vojtíšek which allows for folk spirituality and individuality of spiritual experience be included within spirituality of subjective experience framework without putting a value on them or limiting them. We see them as part of a larger framework of spirituality where different dimensions can be determined, i.e. sacred presuppositions, rituals, experience, community, ethics, work of art and sacred stories. It is possible to feed human spirituality on different dimensions from various sources. During the field trip the conclusion has been reached that people who draw for their spirituality from bektashi tradition tend to choose certain aspects to include them in their personal spirituality as folk spirituality aspects. Second part of the thesis focuses on their source. Three sources had been determined - local culture, christianity and/or shamanism....
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Muslim patient in Czech healthcare
FRAŇKOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis is about a Muslim patient in the Czech healthcare system. The main aim of this thesis is to discover experiences of the Muslim patients in the Czech healthcare system. The author of this thesis determined four research questions based on the main aim of this work. Question 1: Which are the specifics of a nursing care of the Muslim patients? Question 2: Which are the most common problems of the Muslim patients in the Czech healthcare system? Question 3: In the perspective of nurses which are the problems in taking care of the Muslim patients? Question 4: What is the opinion of Muslim patients on the Czech healthcare system? Quality research was chosen for data collection. The author used semi-structured interviews. The research file consisted of Muslim patients with their own personal experiences with the Czech healthcare system and of nurses, who took care of a Muslim patient at least once in their career.The results showed that nurses are aware of the main specifics of a nursing care of the Muslim patients. Another research showed that Czech healthcare system enables the Muslim patients to keep practicing most of their customs, which are connected to their religion. This research also showed that the quality of the Czech healthcare system is on a very high level and that Czech nurses are well qualified. The results pointed out that the communication from the medical staff's side is affected by the language barrier. Nowadays it is common to meet patients from all around the world with different beliefs for example because of the migration. The Muslim patient has got a lot of specifics in ordinary life as well as in his/her healthcare needs. These specifics need to be respected. To be able to give a quality care with respect, it is good to know patients' opinions on the Czech healthcare system. Their experiences and opinions can help with the improvement of the Czech healthcare system. The results of the bachelor's thesis will show the biggest problems faced by Muslim patients in the Czech healthcare system, as well as the nurses themselves, who provide nursing care to Muslim patients.
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The conception of human rights in Chechnya and neighbouring countries betwen 2009-2019
ROŠTINSKÁ, Anna
The Thesis is about compliance with human rights in Chechnya. It points out ethical and human rights approaches towards the selected topic. The Thesis also describes social work in the context of Muslim laws, where it's trying to connect social work and Muslim laws. It also points out ethical ties and some ethical theories that deal with, for example, honor killing and others. It also deals with religious and political topics that contribute to the explanation of the human rights concept in Chechnya. It's also focused on the explanation of basic concepts in the field of human rights and muslim religion which helps to explain the whole problematics. In the ethical processing part, it explains potential approaches towards the interpretation of human rights as a whole, using some theories. In conclusion, I outline and suggest my own proposals that could improve the situation related to social work in Chechnya. I also ponder about whether I've fulfilled the objective of the work and what new findings it can bring, especially in the field of social work.
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The conception of the transcendent in the workings of Shihab al-Din Yahya Suhrawardi
KUČERA, Václav
This work deals with the transcendent in the cosmogonal conception of persian mystic and philosopher Shihab al-Din al-Suhrawardi. In short it discusses his life, works and historicla-cultural context of the arab world in the 12th century. More broadly it deals with the genesis in the philosophy of illumination, the school of ideas of al-Suhrawardi. It analyses the hierarchy of creation from the transcendent creator through the celestial spheres and angelic beings down to the elemental world of matter. It clarifies that the whole process is a continuum and that the Light of lights has even despite his transcendency a direct relationship with everything it creates. Further it contains a few rules given by al-Suhrawardi as a guide to the successful life. At the end of the work is a short treatise about the history of the philosophy of illumination in between the death of al-Suhrawardi and present days.
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