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The influence of the Media on the Lifestyle of Teenagers
Richterová, Karolína ; Wolák, Radim (advisor) ; Lütke Notarp, Ulrike (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of media on adolescents' lifestyles, more specifically on two aspects of lifestyle, namely physical activity and sleep. Within the Covid-19 pandemic period, individuals were forced to stay in their homes, and all their social contact, as well as school and work obligations, shifted to the online environment. With this, screen time also increased, as did the associated sedentary behaviour. As they were all forced to be isolated, sports and leisure activities were also very limited or often also transferred to the online environment. The aim of this thesis is therefore to try to define the habits of adolescents in terms of physical activity, sleep and media consumption, and how these aspects are interconnected, and whether adolescents perceive this interconnection. The aim was also to provide some education to the individuals, where they were then confronted with recommendations for particular aspects of lifestyle (sleep and physical activity), but also recommendations regarding media consumption. As lifestyle was strongly influenced by the Covid-19 disease pandemic, the aim was also to see how individual students' habits changed within this period, but also afterwards. Within the framework of this work, qualitative research was conducted. Using in-depth interviews...
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Reciprocity in Czech Sign Language
Tamchynová, Veronika ; Hudáková, Andrea (advisor) ; Richterová, Klára (referee)
The thesis describes the possibilities of expressing reciprocity in Czech sign language. The term reciprocity and its defining criteria in language are first defined based on both Czech and foreign research literature. Videos for elicitation were selected based on the conditions that a reciprocal event must fulfill. Pairs of reciprocal and non-reciprocal events involving the same verb were analyzed. The form of reciprocal verbs was then compared with their non-reciprocal counterparts. Other means of encoding reciprocity were also described. One of the goals of this research was to determine whether the strategy used to express reciprocity is related to the type of the verb in its citation form. The results were compared with other languages, mainly with different sign languages. Keywords: reciprocity, reciprocal verbs, agreement verbs, types of verbs, Czech sign language
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One-handed and two-handed variants of signs in the Czech sign language
Polenská, Anna ; Richterová, Klára (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to cover the topic of one-handed variants of two-handed signs, the weak drop phenomenon in contemporary Czech Sign Language. Overview of the topic in academic literature on other sign languages (primarily on American Sign Language, Sign Language of the Netherlands, German Sign Language) is presented, including various factors that affect probability of weak drop realisation. Structural factors and their influence are studied with the use of excerption method from natural utterance in a Facebook group Zábava pro neslyšící v ČR. Analysis of this data shows that in Czech Sign Language signs with higher degree of symmetry undergo weak drop more often than signs with lower degree of symmetry, as is the case in most sign languages studied thus far. Alternate movement and contralateral place of articulation both significantly decrease probability of weak drop occurrence (similarly to American Sign Language). Hands contacting the body is favourable to weak drop, hands contacting each other have the opposite effect (as in Sign Language of the Netherlands). Weak Drop variants of signs with the passive hand in handshape B occur in fewer cases than anticipated. Key words: two-handed signs, one-handed signs, Weak Drop, Czech Sign Language, types of signs
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Speech-to-text translation of spoken Czech addressed to the hearing impaired persons
Témová, Eliška ; Richterová, Klára (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of simultaneous transcription as a service provided for deaf clients. The introductory part of the thesis outlines the topic of simultaneous transcription as such, briefly maps the history of the service in Czech Republic and its current coverage, traces the dynamic changes that the service is undergoing in connection with the developing technical possibilities, and last but not least points out some of its specifics that may fundamentally affect the understanding of its functioning by the general public. In connection with these specifics, it also discusses problems related to the empirical research which is the subject of the following part of the thesis, namely the hypothetical definition (mainly on the basis of the available scientific literature, but also on the basis of its own experience) of the basic specifics of simultaneous translation from spoken to written form of speech. In general, some basic specifics of spoken speech which may fundamentally affect the quality of transcription, and such factors which should be taken into account in a particular form of transcription. On this basis, the thesis considers some of the specificities and possible strategies of simultaneous transcription, aiming, however, to remain strictly at the descriptive level....
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Integration of children with ADHD syndrome at the primary school level
Richterová, Kateřina ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Mouralová, Magdalena (referee)
This thesis deals with an integration of children with ADHD syndrome to ordinary primary schools. Manifestations of the disorder hinder in pupil's education, therefore it's necessary to pursue to them individually. Thanks to an amendment to the Czech law in 2005, have these pupils with special educational needs greater attention. The author examines the implementation of integrational policies of pupils with ADHD syndrome, through interviews with street-level bureaucrats and their clients. When reviewing the two questioned cases the integration of pupils with ADHD syndrome in the presence of an assistant teacher seems like very good solution. But there is still a big role played by other concerned people like parents, teachers, teacher assistants, principals or counselors. Few shortcomings can be found in the integration, most often flowing from the inadequate funding or the obsolete education system. From results we can conclude that integrational trend is running in the Czech Republic, however there are not always appropriate conditions in schools.
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Deixis and space in Czech sign language
Tučková, Dana ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Richterová, Klára (referee)
This work presents fundamental extra-and intra- language features of deixis (referring to an entity out of the language and to an entity forward or backward in the text) in Czech sign language as well as in Czech language. The work also includes examples from other signed and spoken languages that are taken from relevant bibliography. In particular, more space is devoted to categories of contextual information referred to by deixis such as person, place, and time. Possible ways of how to distinguish deictic expressions from ostensive expressions in signed languages are introduced. In connection with different types of grammatical space in sign languages, route and survey perspectives are mentioned. In the practical part of the work there are described methods and results of the research on the choice of perspective by Czech sign language and Czech language users with regard to a different type of the described enviroment. The findings were, consequently, compared with the results from American sign language and English language. The second research focuses on strategies used by Czech sign language and Czech language users when describing the objects placed in shared space. The results are then compared with the strategies applied by American sign language users. A DVD with examples of Czech sign...
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Minimal pairs in Czech sign language
Silovská, Zuzana ; Richterová, Klára (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
This thesis research focuses on the minimal pairs in the Czech sign language, in which segment a distinctive position may be filled by any parameter character (hand shape, place of articulation, movement, palm orientation, the orientation of the fingers, hands arrangement, and contact). The main part of this work is a one-handed and two-hand analysis of characters in which the hand / hands in the shape of the hand and closed, respectively in the shape of A, A0, A roof, sA and tA. The analyzed material was obtained from the Czech elicitation deaf native Czech sign language, and several excerption Czech sign language dictionaries. The main attention is concentrated on a detailed description of the manual components of signs and indication of possible semantic relationships between the characters figures in minimal pairs. In conclusion, the analytical part is an overview of phonemes found, possible variants of phonemes and frequency representation of character types and shapes of the hand / hands, places of articulation and places of contacts. Key words: phonology, phoneme, allophone, minimal pair, Czech sign language, sign parameter, manual component character
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Changes in height of articulation in Czech Sign Language affected by coarticulation
Lachmanová, Denisa ; Richterová, Klára (advisor) ; Okrouhlíková, Lenka (referee)
This thesis focuses on changes in the height of articulation in Czech Sign Language affected by coarticulation. The theoretical base of the thesis originates from both Czech and foreign linguistic literature devoted to phonological processes in speech. One part of the thesis is basic insight into the issues of phonological processes in sign languages. The research of the height of articulation in Czech Sign Language affected by coarticulation follows the recent studies dedicated on changes in height of articulation of speakers of Dutch, American, Australian and New Zealand Sign Languages (Ormel, Crasborn, Kooij 2013; Tyrone, Mauk 2010; Grosvald, Corina 2012a; Russell, Wilkinson, Janzen 2011; Lucas et al. 2002; Schembri et al. 2009). The goal of the research is to describe the changes in height of articulation by the one-handed lexical signs with the place of articulation in the head area (the target signs KNOW and REMEMBER) affected by their phonetic context. The data were collected during the recordings of sign langugae production of 15 participants, all speakers of Czech Sign Language. 1400 tokens of target signs were excerpted and analysed in total. Results of research are compared with the present findings on coarticulation in foreign sign languages. Key words: Czech Sign Language, production...
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Tense in Czech written texts of the Czech deaf
Richterová, Klára ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee)
The thesis deals with the ways tense is expressed in written Czech texts of the Czech deaf. It draws on several foreign studies and, more specifically, the findings of Racková (1996) and Macurová (2003), trying to provide additions and new interpretations resulting from an analysis of both new and old data. The description and analysis of the written texts is primarily focused on possible interference from the Czech sign language with its characteristic lexical signals of tense and its use of time frames. The thesis has two major parts, the first of which is more theoretical, with its focal point on concepts of time and tense, and ways of expressing time both in spoken and sign languages. The second part, representing the core of the thesis, is devoted to an analysis of the text written by the Czech deaf. The findings based on the data have been verified by an additional probe, in which deaf respondents provided translations of several sentences from the Czech sign language into written Czech.
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