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Transition metal complexes catalyzed synthesis of biologically active estrone derivatives
Prchalová, Eva ; Kotora, Martin (advisor) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee) ; Hlaváč, Jan (referee)
This thesis relates to the preparation and use of new non-estrogenic ligands selective for certain types of the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase superfamily (17βHSD). Such nonestrogenic compounds, which selectively regulate the activity of 17βHSD are believed to offer new solutions in endocrine therapy, diagnosis and treatment of estrogen-dependent types of diseases. In recent years in the laboratories of my supervisor prof. Kotora differently substituted steroid derivatives with interesting biological properties were prepared. Based on the gained experiences, it was decided to prepare C-15 estrone derivatives. Such compounds are mostly unexplored, and therefore they might be a new class of interesting biologically active compounds. A method was developed for the preparation of C-15 estrone derivatives. Estrone, the starting material for the synthesis, was first converted to the appropriate intermediate, protected estra-1,3,5(10),15-tetraene-17-one. Conjugate addition of vinylmagnesium bromide to this enone yielded the starting material for further reactions, 15β-vinylestrone. Cross metathesis of 15β-vinylestrone with suitable terminal olefins provided large series of C-15 estrone derivatives with perfluoroalkylated, aliphatic and aromatic side chains. Selected unsaturated derivatives were tested...
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Synthesis of Prolinol-Based Phosphonate Nucleotide Analogues
Vaněk, Václav ; Rosenberg, Ivan (advisor) ; Černý, Miloslav (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee) ; Pour, Milan (referee)
4. Conclusion A series ofnovel isosteric 3'-nucleotide analogues (9a-e and l0a-e) was synthesized, cr-t-- and B-t--prolinol nucleoside N-methylphosphonic acids distinguished for the loss of unambiguously defined configuration at the nitrogen atom in 3'-position of prolinol nng. Remarkable conformational differences between cr-L- and B-l-prolinol nucleotides determined by NMR study suggest some similarity with the natural 5'-o-nucleotide. The same conformational changes in o-series of prolinol nucleotides fit even better the 3'- and 5'-o- nucleotides. In addition, a series of four diastereoisomeric synthons 5-8 was prepared from the commercially available lrans-4-hydroxy-l-proline, giving access to a complete set of prolinol-derived nucleotide analogues bearing cr.L-, B-t--, o.o- and p-o-conÍiguration. In order to constrain the conformational flexibility of the N-phosphonomethyl moiety, seveÍal protected compounds were subjected to N-oxidation or N-methylation which gave chiral N-oxides or quatemary ammonium salts. However, the synthesis of the respective unprotected phosphonic acids was unsuccessful, probably due to their fast decomposition. Acylation ofthe pyrrolidine ring nitrogen atom by several acylphosphonic acid derivatives led to the novel N.phosphonoformyl, /y'.phosphonoacetyl and...
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Synthesis, reactivity and biological activity of C5 substituted uracil analogues
Brulíková, Lucie ; Holý, Antonín (advisor) ; Rosenberg, Ivan (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee)
Bibliographical identification: Author's first name and surname: RNDr. Lucie Brulíková (nee Spáčilová) Title: Synthesis, reactivity and biological activity of C-5 substituted uracil analogues Type of thesis: Ph.D. thesis Department: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc Advisor: prof. RNDr. Antonín Holý, Dr.Sc., Dr.hc. mult. Advisor-consultant: doc. RNDr. Jan Hlaváč, Ph.D. The year of presentation: 2011 Abstract: The presented thesis is focused on the synthesis of various C-5 modified uracil analogues, the study of their reactivity and biological activity, especially cytotoxic activity. In the first part, the brief survey of described results for selected 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues is performed. The second part of the presented thesis deals with the synthesis of novel uracil analogues modified at the C-5 position, the development and optimizing of procedure leading to the desired compounds, the study of biological activity and the evaluation of structure- activity relationship (SAR). This part presents the synthesis of a series of 5-[alkoxy(4- nitrophenyl)methyl)]uracil and 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues and extended SAR studies depending on a substitution of metylene bridge directly attached at the C-5 position as well as alkoxy chain length. The last part of...
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Carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides containing substituted bicyclic systems.
Šála, Michal ; Hřebabecký, Hubert (advisor) ; Černý, Miloslav (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science Department of Organic and Nuclear Chemistry Carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides containing substituted bicyclic systems Michal Šála Ph.D. Thesis Abstract Prague 2010 Introduction Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues are of fundamental importance for all organisms. Therefore, nucleoside analogues are interesting target for drug discovery and development, mainly as potential antiviral and antitumor agents. A crucial disadvantage of natural nucleosides analogues is cleavage of the N-glycosidic bond by phosphorylases. Modification which increases resistance against enzymatic degradation is substitution of the sugar moiety furanose ring by a hydrocarbon ring. Many of such modified analogues - carbocyclic nucleosides1 - exhibit interesting antiviral activity. Several analogues containing conformationally locked bicyclic systems were also synthesized. Well known are carbocylic nucleosides with a fused cyclopropane moiety2 (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane). Recently, novel conformationally locked carbocyclic nucleosides based on 2-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane ring system were described3 (as precursors for carbocyclic locked nucleic acids). This thesis concerns the synthesis of biologically active compounds related to the carbocyclic nucleoside analogues. First part of the work is...
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Modified Substrates in β-N-Acetylhexosaminidase-Catalyzed Synthesis
Bojarová, Pavla ; Křen, Vladimír (advisor) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee) ; Walterová, Daniela (referee)
4 Conclrrsion 4 CoNcrusroN This Ph. D. thesis is a systematic study of the substrate specificity and the synthetic potential of B-N-acetylhexosaminidases (EC 3.2.1.52) with structurally modified substrates. It comprises four publications in intemational journals, one review and 17 oral and poster contributions. The following parts of the substrate molecule were modified: 2-acetamido moiety, the C-6 hydroxyl (oxidations, introduction of a cyano group) and the aglycon part (glycosyl azides - C-N bond hydrolysis). Thirteen modified substrates were synthesized, seven of them were described for the first time. They were tested for hydrolysis and transglycosylation by over thirty fungal $-N-acetylhexosaminidases (culture collections at Charles University and at the Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) and the results were discussed in relation to the conclusions of molecular modeling (B-N-acetylhexosaminidase from Aspergillus oryzae CCF 1066). Eight oligosaccharidic structures (six of them novel) were prepared by semi- preparative transglycosylation reactions (tens of miligrams), isolated (mostly 16_377a yields, even 787o yie\ď) and fully characterized. Noteworthy properties like immunoactivity (binding to natural killer cell activation receptors) and inhibitory potential were...
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Transition metal complexes catalyzed synthesis of biologically active estrone derivatives
Prchalová, Eva ; Kotora, Martin (advisor) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee) ; Hlaváč, Jan (referee)
This thesis relates to the preparation and use of new non-estrogenic ligands selective for certain types of the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase superfamily (17βHSD). Such nonestrogenic compounds, which selectively regulate the activity of 17βHSD are believed to offer new solutions in endocrine therapy, diagnosis and treatment of estrogen-dependent types of diseases. In recent years in the laboratories of my supervisor prof. Kotora differently substituted steroid derivatives with interesting biological properties were prepared. Based on the gained experiences, it was decided to prepare C-15 estrone derivatives. Such compounds are mostly unexplored, and therefore they might be a new class of interesting biologically active compounds. A method was developed for the preparation of C-15 estrone derivatives. Estrone, the starting material for the synthesis, was first converted to the appropriate intermediate, protected estra-1,3,5(10),15-tetraene-17-one. Conjugate addition of vinylmagnesium bromide to this enone yielded the starting material for further reactions, 15β-vinylestrone. Cross metathesis of 15β-vinylestrone with suitable terminal olefins provided large series of C-15 estrone derivatives with perfluoroalkylated, aliphatic and aromatic side chains. Selected unsaturated derivatives were tested...
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Synthesis of biologically active compounds with quinazoline scaffold
Štěpánek, Ondřej ; Kotora, Martin (advisor) ; Hájíček, Josef (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee)
This thesis concludes my contribution to research of HIV-1 capsid assembly inhibitors. It has been shown that 2,4-disubstituted quinazoline derivatives are able to inhibit this process both, in competitive biochemical assay based on the AlphaScreen technology as well as in tissue cultures. The main objective of the work was to prepare the aforementioned quinazolines, to design and prepare new candidates with higher activity based on results of biochemical tests, and also to try to increase the solubility of otherwise poorly soluble compounds. Disubstituted quinazolines are relatively easily accessible from the commercially available anthranilic acid derivatives. These are converted to the corresponding quinazolin- 4(3H)-ones by the condensation reactions. In this work, two methods were used for the preparation of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones: reaction of acyl chlorides with aromatic anthranilamides provided 2-arylamidobenzamides whose subsequent cyclisation under basic conditions led to derivatives of 2-arylquinazolin-4(3H)-one; reaction of anthranilic acid esters with aromatic nitriles, which afforded desired quinazolin-4(3H)-one in one reaction step. Chlorination of 2-arylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones using POCl3 then led to 2-aryl-4- chloroderivatives as key intermediates. Nucleophilic substitution of...
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New functionalized nucleic acids for application in chemical biology
Kielkowski, Pavel ; Hocek, Michal (advisor) ; Stiborová, Marie (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee)
4 Abstract This work is focused on the synthesis of the modified 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, their incorporation into DNA and use in chemical biology applications. The synthetic routes to the double-headed nucleosides and nucleotide triphosphates in which the two nucleobases were connected via ethynyl or propargyl linker has been developed. (Cytosin-5-yl)ethynyl, 3-(cytosin-1-yl)prop-1-yn-1-yl and 3-(5-fluorocytosin-1-yl)prop-1-yn- 1-yl derivatives of pyrimidine and 7-deazaadenine 2'-deoxyribonucleosides and nucleoside triphosphates were prepared by aqueous palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The double-headed modified nucleoside triphosphates were good substrates for DNA polymerases suitable for primer extension and PCR construction of DNA bearing linked cytosine or 5- fluorocytosine in the major groove mimicking the flliped-out nucleotide. The assay for the testing of the inhibition of DNA methyltransferases was developed. Next, the transient protection of DNA against cleavage by restriction endonucleases (REs) using (trialkylsilyl)ethynyl modified DNA was developed. A series of 7-(trialkylsilyl)ethynyl-7- deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine triphosphates was prepared and they were shown to be incorporated into DNA by primer extension and/or PCR using KOD XL polymerase. The deprotection conditions...
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Synthesis of novel types of C-nucleosides
Kubelka, Tomáš ; Hocek, Michal (advisor) ; Trnka, Tomáš (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee)
of PhD Thesis: Synthesis of novel types of C-nucleosides General and modular approach for the preparation of disubstituted pyrimidine and pyridine C-2'-deoxyribonucleosides and benzyl homo C-ribonucleosides was developed. The key intermediate 2,4-dichloropyrimidine C-2'-deoxyribonucleoside was efficiently prepared from easily available TBS-protected deoxyribose glycal in three steps. Its mild nucleophilic substitutions or cross-coupling reactions proceeded regioselectively at position 4, while at elevated temperatures or with excess of reagent, a double substitution occurred. The 2-chloro-4-substituted intermediates underwent another substitution or coupling to afford a two-dimensional library of diverse 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidin-5-yl C-2'-deoxyribonucleotides. Modular methodology for the synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted pyridine C-2'-deoxyribonucleosides was based on the Heck coupling of bromo-chloro-iodopyridines with TBS-protected deoxyribose glycal. Obtained 2-bromo-6-chloro- and 6-bromo-2-chloropyridin-3-yl deoxyribonucleosides were used for further transformations. Some of their Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions proceeded chemoselectively at the position of the bromine, whereas nucleophilic substitutions were unselective and gave mixtures of products. The mono- substituted intermediates...
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