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Growing genetically modified crops in the world
Herodesová, Adéla ; Jančák, Vít (advisor) ; Eretová, Veronika (referee)
The bachelor thesis analyses the regional differentiation of genetically modified crops' cultivation in each country's territorial breakdown. The thesis defines basic technical terms, biotechnological breeding history, and the classification of genetically modified crops according to the modified traits. Emphasis is placed on national attitudes towards the use of this biotechnology in agriculture and the resulting legislation. It is shown that legislation has a major impact on the cultivation of genetically modified crops. In particular, the thesis compares the legislative approach between the European Union and the USA, which differs significantly. A closer look is devoted to the cultivation of genetically modified crops in Czechia. Selected factors (organic farming, farm size structure, and nutritional deficiencies) that may be related to the cultivation of genetically modified crops in each country are examined based on graphs and maps generated from secondary data. The results are discussed with relevant literature. Keywords: GMO, genetically modified crops, regional differentiation, legislation, agriculture
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Biofortified plants and plant molecular farming
Koblihová, Kateřina ; Opatrný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pavlová, Libuše (referee)
Genetically modified crops (GM crop) are plants which have changed their genotype by molecular-genetic techniques. Targeting interventions into plant genotype have higher efficiency in comparison to methods, which are used in classical breeding. Essential presumption of these interventions is profound knowledge of molecular biology, genetics and plant physiology. The success of genetic modifications is dependant upon increasing knowledge from many branches of biology. The first generation of GM crops was resistant to abiotic stress, pests, herbicides or diseases. The outcome of this is increase of yields and overall decrease of costs. These qualities bear profit especially for farmers but not for end-users. Many methods, which are used for transformation of the first generation of genetically modified crops, are used for next generations as well. Biofortification could be considered as the next step of genetic modification of crops. Plants, which are consuming, are improved by substances, which prosperous to the human body. They should partly substitute the variety of food and to help improve the nutrition, but they don't have curative effects. Molecular-genetic principles of their creation are very similar to molecular farming. Nowadays the molecular farming presents the top of genetic...
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The development of \kur{Spodoptera littoralis} (Boisduval) on the geneticaly modified potatoe expressing bacterial toxin Cry3Aa
SVOBODOVÁ, Zdeňka
Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) larvae were fed potato leaves of the variety Newleaf Superior (NLS) that expresses Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry3Aa and is therefore resistant to the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). The leaf content of Cry3Aa was determined by ELISA. Control larvae received leaves of the nearly isogenic but nontransgenic potato variety Superior. The developmental rate, mortality, weight of prepupa or pupa, female fecundity, and the egg hatchability of S. littoralis were independent of the potato type. The results suggest that Cry 3Aa toxin in the potatoe leaves has no negative effect on the development of caterpillars that consume them.
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Biotechnology as political problem
Sobotková, Lenka ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Lisa, Aleš (referee)
Thesis is concentrated on two biotechnologies: biofuels and genetically modified crops. Defines technical and economical characteristics, lists international agreements and czech and european legislation regarding both biotechnologies. Introduces opinions and analyses positions of selected political subjects as UNO, WTO, OECD, EU, catholic church and main czech political parties.
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Development of GM Foods Production in the Czech Republic
Malina, Petr ; Slavíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
In my thesis I would like to focus on the research of efficiency in cultivating genetically modified plants in the Czech Republic. I am going to ask questions about the approach to this dilemma in the Czech environment, about how we stand compared to other EU members and about the reasons behind it. The aim of my work is to analyse how our agriculturists employ the possibilities of genetic modification and how it is paying off. What is our attitude towards the reasoning of world's supporters and opposers of genetically modified organisms? I would also think about a Czech consumer opinion research. On the basis of these questions and those alike I would subsequently like to set, as a goal, an estimate of the potential of GM foods production in the Czech environment in years to come.
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