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Factors influencing the quality of red wine
Zechmeisterová, Lucie ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
In my thesis, I focused on monitoring of microorganisms in the sample of red grape juice and on the interactions between yeasts, bacteria and filamentous fungi. Three different media were applied for the cultivation of microorganisms; firstly for monitoring of total volume of microorganisms, secondly for yeasts and third time for lactic acid bacteria. The indirect method was used for the determination of the amount of viable cells. This method consists in enumerating of visible macroscopic colonies grown up on agar plates. When the cells grew up, the forms of colonies were analyzed visually and the morphology of microorganisms was detected microscopically. The operating time of enzymes in grape juice in the production of red wine was monitored after application of commercial enzymatic preparation. The enzym action in grape juice was observed on the basis of the process of degradation of high – molecular substrate by enzymes through the use of Ubbelohd´s viscometer. The research findings provided a lot of knowledge about the occurance of microflora in the process of production of red wine. The commercial preparations added to grape juice played a significant role.
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CO2 reduction with algae
Naider, Jakub ; Rebej, Miroslav (referee) ; Vondál, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of this final thesis is the process of algae cultivation their use for carbon dioxid reduction. The main objective of this work is the mass and heat balance of the photobioreactor and the design of a temperature control system. Within the research work, an overview of certain types of bioreactors and photobioreactors, the current situation around the climate and the impact of the cultivation of algae on carbon dioxide emissions. The model for temperature control and mass transfer of a plate photobioreactor is created in this work.
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Production of carotenoids and other metabolites by yeast using selected food wastes.
Chujanov, Oleg ; Šimanský, Samuel (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of yeast cultivation with the usage of waste sub-strates from the food industry on a laboratory level. Carotenogenic yeasts are microorganisms capable of processing food waste substrates and use them as a source of organic nutrients for growth. This thesis consists of a practical as well as theoretical part. The experimental section focuses on the description of different strains of yeasts, metabolites and types of waste sub-strates. The two main substrates chosen for this research were chicken fat and chicken fe-athers. The yeast types used in this thesis were Rhodotorula kratochvilovae (CCY 20-2-26), Rhodosporidium toruloides (CCY 62-2-4), Cystofilobasidium macerans (CCY 10-1-2), Spo-ridiobolus pararoseus (CCY 19-9-6), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (CCY 20-9-7), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (CCY 19-4-25) and Sporidiobolus metaroseus (CCY 19-6-20). These strains reported high production values of the metabolites researched in this thesis. The strains Rho-dosporidium toruloides (CCY 62-2-4) and Sporidiobolus metaroseus (CCY 19-6-20) were chosen for the production of metabolites from waste substrates, for those reported the most promising results.
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Methods and technologies for carbon dioxide capture in industrial plants
Rek, David ; Máša, Vítězslav (referee) ; Sukačová, Kateřina (advisor)
The rising level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has negative effects on life on our planet. Humanity is now dealing with the issue through multinational organizations which attempt to motivate the current industry to develop innovative solutions to increase the energy-efficiency while lowering the amount of produced emissions. The most affected are energy-intensive sectors of the industry, such as the ceramics industry. This diploma thesis is based on a thorough research conducted on scientific literature, mainly scientific articles. The theoretical part is to familiarize one with the issue of rising levels of carbon dioxide. Next, methods to capture, store and use the gas are presented. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on one such method – microalgal bioreactors. The practical past weighs the usability of microalgal bioreactors for the purpose of carbon dioxide emissions capture in a production company LASSELSBERGER, s.r.o. belonging to the ceramic industry. Tubular bioreactor with a volume of 2000 m3 would process 3,75 % of CO2 produced by the core production machine – spray drier, during this process 367,92 tons of microalgal biomass would be produced annually.
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Modification of porosity of bacterial cellulose in situ
Ondruchová, Barbora ; Pernicová, Iva (referee) ; Kovalčík, Adriána (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the production and modification of porosity of bacterial cellulose in situ using the bacterium Komagataeibacter xylinus. The theoretical part of the work was focused on the review of various methods of culturing Komagataeibacter xylinus and the production of porous samples of bacterial cellulose. The sizes of pores in bacterial cellulose depend mainly on the applied cultivation method. Bacterial cellulose produced statically or dynamically contains pores with the dimensions of approximately 0.02 µm to 10 µm. The difference in porosity in bacterial cellulose prepared by static and dynamic cultivation was confirmed experimentally. The production yields of bacterial cellulose were compared and discussed. Next, the porosity of the bacterial cellulose was modified in situ by the addition of wax particles. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed, that the accumulation of wax particles in the production medium could significantly support the porosity of bacterial cellulose and, at the same time, increase its production.
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Analysis of adherent cells confluency in 2D culture
Bracková, Michaela ; Čmiel, Vratislav (referee) ; Chmelíková, Larisa (advisor)
First part of this semester work dealing with the theoretical description of adherens cells, particularly structure and functions of this cells. Subsequently work is devoted to description of cell culturing, with mention of conditions which are necessary for cell culturing, following by substances which promote cell growth. Last part of theoretical research is concern with microscopy technique that is suitable for studying of adherent cells. Subsequently it is about fluorescence and confocal microscopes. Practical part dealing with cell culturing of adherent cells and the evaluation of realized experiments.
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Usage of flue gas as a source of CO2 for algae cultivation in bioreactors
Slonek, Jaroslav ; Juřena, Tomáš (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
This master`s thesis is focused on possibility of use of flue gas as source of CO2 for algae cultivation in bioreactors. The first part of the master`s thesis is devoted to a qualitative and quantitative description of flue gas sources as CO2 source for algae cultivation. In the thesis industry sectors with the largest share of CO2 emissions on a global scale and in the Czech republic are summarized. On the basis of these data it was possible to determine cheap sources of CO2 for algae cultivation producing valuable biomass and other bio-products. The composition of flue gas from these sources was discussed in this section also with given expected outlook within the following years. The next part of the thesis is devoted to the influence of flue gas properties on algae cultivation. The impact of flue gas individual parameters on cell growth rate, quality and composition of biomass is described there. The description and design of the bioreactor is processed in the next part of the thesis. The experimental part of the thesis was performed on a bioreactor with similar properties. The next part of the thesis describes the effect of light on algae cultivation and the design of a regulation scheme for bioreactor light source. The experimental part of the thesis describes methods used to determine the concentrations of flue gas substances that could pass from flue gas into cultivation medium for algae cultivation to measure the changing composition of the flue gas in the closed experimental bioreactor system. The processed data from experimental measurements are presented and are discussed. The change in the composition of the culture medium for algae (without the presence of algae) due to flue gas aeration was monitored in the experimental part. It includes also the measurement of the change in the composition of the flue gas in time. All obtained and collected information are then summarized and discussed in the final part of the master`s thesis.
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Study of oligandrin protein secreted by oomycete Pythium oligandrum
Neykulova, Anastasia ; Bělonožníková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Adámková, Lyubina (referee)
Oomycete Pythium oligandrum acts as a mycoparasite of pathogenic fungi, bacteria and oomycetes in soil due to the production of a number of hydrolytic enzymes for the degradation of polysaccharides and proteins in the cell wall of the host. At the same time, P. oligandrum can interact with plant roots through specific elicitors and stimulate plant defense and growth. Thus, P. oligandrum is a successfully used environmentally friendly biological control agent of plants. Among the secreted elicitors P. oligandrum to the low molecular weight proteins belong oligandrins (~10 kDa), which have a characteristic structure and a conserved sequence among the group of so-called elicitins, and at the same time are not homologous to plant proteins. In the framework of this bachelor thesis, was analyzed the production of oligandrin in various types of growing media after cultivation of P. oligandrum. The total proteolytic activity and the content of phenolic substances as other possible elicitors of plant defense reactions were also observed in culture media. Further, this work focused on the possibility of recombinant oligandrin expression in E. coli and its subsequent purification. Key words: Pythium oligandrum, oligandrin, elicitors, cultivation, recombinant expression [IN CZECH]
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Vliv jarní kultivace ozimé pšenice na její výnos a zaplevelení
Novák, Radim
This bachelor thesis is focused on the impact of spring cultivation on the cover of the winter wheat, its number of straws and the weed infestation. A small field experiment was performed for an assessment. There were 10 smaller parcels of land picked out for this experiment. The first 5 parcels of land were used for the testing of different types of cultivation: rotary hoe + tine harrow, rotary hoe + meadow harrow, rotary hoe, tine harrow, meadow harrow. The other 5 parcels of land were used for the control. These factors were monitored: the number of straws, yield and the number of weed individuals. The number of straws was affected the most by the combination of the rotary hoe and the tine harrow. The number of the weed individuals per 1 m2 was reduced the most by the combination of the rotary hoe and the tine harrow. The lowest efficacy of the weed regulation was measured by the meadow harrow. Thanks to this data, the machines for the spring cultivation can be well organized and used.
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Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Cultured in Xenogeneic-Free Supplemented Media
Suchánková Kleplová, Tereza ; Jouklová, Nela (advisor) ; Merglová, Vlasta (referee) ; Bartoňová, Marie (referee)
Human dental pulp stem cells cultured in xenogeneic-free supplemented media Summary Introduction: The topic of the study is the cultivation of dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in a xenogeneic-free culture medium. It is not permissible to use cells upon growing under the influence of xenogeneic (extraneous) substances in human clinical practice. The most frequently used in cultivation of hDPSCs is fetal calf serum (FCS/FBS). Unfortunately, these supplements are widespread in hMSCs cultivation, and all gold standard hMSCs properties were postulated in cells cultivated using these supplements. This raises the basic question if and how xenogeneic blood derivatives affect the properties of cells and their growth characteristics. There are two options for replacing these xenogeneic substances in the culture medium: the so-called serum-free media, or human blood supplements, ideally autologous ones. The conducted research was aimed at identifying the effects of xenogeneic and human blood supplements on basic hDPSCs characteristics that are fundamental to introduce the cell therapy into regular medical practice. Method: By culturing 12 hDPSC lines obtained from adult, deciduous, and natal teeth in 12 different culture media, we investigated the effect of FCS, human blood derivatives, i.e., blood plasma (HP), and...
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