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Art and Care of Soul in Jan Patočka
Josl, Jan ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Zátka, Vlastimil (referee) ; Frei, Jan (referee)
Summary: This work approaches Patočka's philosophy of art from the perspective of ‚care of the soul'. The first part of work describes evolution of the ‚care of the soul' in context of Patočka's philosophy of history from he 30s up to 70s. Based on this description I recognize experience of the soul as the experience of human freedom as inseparable from the ethical and methaphysical dimensions. The second part approaches art from this perspective.Patočka's intepretations of art show that Patočka saw art not only as a manifestation of human freedom, but as reflection of human position in the world and his relation to aletheia as well. However, art stays half way between myth and philosophy due to the fact, that the movement of freedom is not as absolute in art as it is in philosophy. This is evident in expressions that art takes from the fields of our emotions and experience and thus still remains for Patočka in connection with the world and our everydayness. Therefore art represents for Patočka only limited experience of the soul. It is mostly the momentum of transcendence that is important and interesting for Patočka in art, but not the results that, no matter how deep, are still insights about the things in the world. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Aesthetic Judgement from Philosophical, Psychological and Neuroscientific Perspectives
Hadravová, Tereza ; Zuska, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zátka, Vlastimil (referee)
Title: Aesthetic judgement from philosophical, psychological, and neuroscientific perspectives Author: Tereza Hadravová Department: Aesthetics Department Supervisor: prof. PhDr. Vlastimil Zuska, CSc. Abstract: How does science relate to aesthetics? This question usually reads as a question concerning scientific contribution to aesthetics. Philosophers are most- ly skeptical about the application of scientific results in their domain, wheras psychologists and, in recent years, neuroscientists are optimistic. In the thesis, I argue that both of these positions, in their extreme versions, impede the mutual enrichment of science and aesthetics. The starting-point of the thesis is George Dickie's radical claim that no scientific information has ever been relevant for aesthetics. The claim, I argue, is firmly embedded in the aftermath of logical positivism: it is related to the e↵ort to "rescue" aesthetics from progressive eli- mination. As a consequence, most of analytic aesthetics discourse has ignored psychologically informed conception of aesthetic judgement, including some fine distinctions that such a conception enables, e.g. the di↵erence between judgements about pleasure and aesthetic judgements. The distinctions are further elaborated and, in the last part of the thesis, the results of this elaboration are...
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Trope, symbol, figure. An approach to the philosophy of language of Solomon Maimon. Between Kant and the era of romanticism
Pargačová, Lucie ; Hlobil, Tomáš (advisor) ; Zátka, Vlastimil (referee) ; Karásek, Jindřich (referee)
Disertace se zabývá v českém prostředí téměř neznámým židovským myslitelem pokantovského období Salomonem Maimonem (1753-1800). Problematiku jazyka sleduje v chronologickém sledu Maimonových stěžejních děl. Východisko tvoří úvahy o tropech a metafoře, které jsou srovnány s vůdčími předkantovskými osvícenskými pozicemi (Ch. Wolff, J. G. Sulzer) a náhledy I. Kanta. Pozornost je věnována proměnám Maimonových stanovisek, jež jsou zachyceny výkladem termínů symbol a figura. Představení Maimonova svébytného pojetí se odehrává na pozadí výkladu těchto termínů ve filosofickém diskursu 18. století a nastávající epochy zvané Goethezeit. Abstract in English: The thesis is concerned with the concept of language in general and the tropes, symbol, and figure in particular as conceived in one of the most distinctive figures of post- Kantian philosophy, Solomon Maimon (1753-1800). The point of departure is Maimon's challenge to the theories of metaphorical nature of language, which were widespread in eighteenth-century British, French and German philosophy. Maimon articulated his core argument in the article Was sind Tropen (1789) and continued to work out the focus of it in his later works (Apendix on Symbolic Cognition and Philosophical Language 1790; Philosophical Dictionary, 1791; On Philosophical and...
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