|
|
Anglicisms in contemporary German language and their lexicographic treatment in a bilingual dictionary
Hrubešová, Michaela ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Berglová, Eva (referee)
The paper directly follows onto the Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary project, which is being compiled at the Prague German Studies Institute since 2000. The author of the paper has been actively involved in the preparation of the dictionary entries, and these serve as the material base of her work. The entries were selected according to the active needs of the project - the inducement for the paper was an analysis of approximately 600 substantive Anglicisms which are present in the Duden Universal Dictionary. The paper summarizes theoretical concepts of Anglicisms in the German language - specifically the history of their borrowings, their classification, integration processes and their influence on the contemporary German language. The pivotal part of the paper focuses on the analysis of the dictionary entries of the selected substantive Anglicisms in German dictionaries and in the German-Czech dictionaries and points out their deficiencies, which are then illustrated by specific examples. The analysis proceeds following individual linguistic planes, i.e. spelling, phonetics (pronunciation, respectively transcription, accent), morphology and semantics. The entries in the German dictionaries show problems on the spelling level caused by dual alternatives, which list both the original English spelling...
|
|
|
Neologisms in modern lexicology and lexicgraphy
Bureš, Jaroslav ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Doležal, Jiří (referee)
This paper discusses the main aspects of neologism from a position of modern lexicology and lexicography especially in German. It outlines the following problems: I. neologism and nonce word II. borrowings and neologisms III. word-formation and neologisms IV. new words and its coining in text V. stylistic and pragmatic functions of new words VI. neology and the corpus linguistics - possibilities of its application VII. neologisms and dictionaries
|
|
| |
|
|
The new definition of synonymic rows using the corpus linguistic tools (self-organizing maps, contrasting near-synonyms)
Marková, Věra ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Berglová, Eva (referee)
Diplomova prace se zabY'va vyzkumem synonymickych vztahü v nemeckem jazyce. Hlavni düraz se klade na korpusove-lingvisticky pfistup, ktery na tuto problematiku nahlizi v nOvYch souvislostech. Vychodiskem prace je pojeti synonymie ceskeho jazykovedce a lexikologa Josefa Filipce, jez bylo v roce 1961 zvefejneno v jeho monografii Ceskd synonyma z hlediska stylistiky a lexikologie. Problematika synonym je u Filipce dükladne propracovana. Jeho analyza spociva pfedevsim v podrobne a komplexni excerpci deI ceske literatury, z cehoz se odviji i jeho siroke pojeti synonymie. Josef Filipec vyuziva problematiky synonymie take k zevrubnemu popisu jazykovednych disciplin stylistiky a lexikologie a poukazuje pfedevsim na otazky kontextu a dualismu langue - parole. Mezi hlavni aspekty jeho pojeti patfi daIe zahrnuti ruznych jazykovYch rovin do oblasti synonym, zdürazneni vlivu ostatnich jazykovych prostfedkü na jejich vYber, rozlisovani pojmü "zamenitelnost" a "nährada" v ramci synonymie, otazka existence absolutni synonymie a zvlaste jednostranny proces dosazovarn synonym do urciteho kontextu, avsak bez zfetele k procesu opacnemu, vychazejicimu od synonym. Na teoreticky uvod do problematiky synonymIe navazuJe korpusovelingvisticka analyza. Po pfedstaveni nOvYch cest pfi prüzkumu synonymickych vztahü v korpusu (metody...
|
|
|
Helvetisms in the Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary
Štrachová, Zuzana ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Dovalil, Vít (referee)
Annotation: This thesis deals with the language situation in Switzerland with regard to the pluricentric character of the German language. The introductory chapter provides a general overview of the linguistic situation in Switzerland, whereas the following part will be related only to the conditions in the German-speaking Switzerland. Basically, there are two types of German occurring in the area, Swiss Standard German and Swiss German dialects. The thesis further examines the perception of the Swiss Standard German and the high prestige of the German Standard Variety. There will be a comprehensive breakdown of helvetisms provided in the final part of the thesis enabling the selection of a wide range of the Swiss Standard German expressions, which were subsequently transformed into dictionary entries.
|
|
|
News report and reportage - stylistic analysis of newspaper reporting genres in Danish
Hušková, Taťána ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Březinová, Helena (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav germánských studií Oddělení skandinavistiky Diplomová práce Taťána Hušková ZPRÁVA A REPORTÁŢ - STYLISTICKÁ ANALÝZA ZPRAVODAJSKÝCH ÚTVARŮ V DÁNŠTINĚ (NEWS REPORT AND REPORTAGE - STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF NEWSPAPER REPORTING GENRES IN DANISH) Vedoucí diplomové práce: Doc. PhDr. Marie Vachková, Ph.D. Praha, srpen 2012 Za pomoc při vypracování diplomové práce děkuji Doc. PhDr. Janě Hoffmannové, DrSc. a za laskavé vedení Doc. PhDr. Marii Vachkové, Ph.D. Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatně, že jsem řádně citovala všechny použité prameny a literaturu a že práce nebyla využita v rámci jiného vysokoškolského studia či k získání jiného nebo stejného titulu. ................................................ V Praze, dne 15. srpna 2012 Resumé Tato diplomová práce si klade za cíl zmapovat hlavní rysy zpravodajského stylu v dánštině srovnáním vybraných zpravodajských útvarů - zprávy a reportáže - a uplatněním metody stylistické analýzy několika zpravodajských textů, které popisují shodnou událost, což je nezbytným předpokladem pro komparativní stylistickou analýzu. Samotné analýze předchází teoretická část, v níž se snažím vymezit základní terminologii stylistiky, která vychází z funkčního přístupu ke stylu. Zde čerpám především ze stylistických...
|
|
|
Terminology in Visual Arts in a large bilingual dictionary
Kučerová, Daniela ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This given thesis addresses the terminology of Visual Arts in the large bilingual dictionary and provides a reflection on the problem of terminology. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part gives definitions of language for special purposes, language for general purposes, term, terminology, synonymy, equivalence or terminological dictionary. The second part of the thesis analyses the given dictionary entries of the Visual Arts from the linguistic, terminological and lexicographical point of view in the large bilingual dictionary.
|
|
|
Near Synonyms from a Corpus Linguistic Perspective - Verbs in Focus
Salačová, Helena ; Šemelík, Martin (advisor) ; Vachková, Marie (referee)
This bachelor thesis is concerned with the near synonymy of German verbs whose usage is oft very problematic for non-native speakers. Word meaning and identical or different context of synonyms (anfangen - beginnen - starten; herstellen - erzeugen - produzieren) are researched using the German reference corpus DeReKo, more specifically the coocurrence databank CCDB. The first part of the thesis is a brief introduction to the vast field of synonymy; the other, empirical part is dedicated to analysis of CNS-maps contrasting co- ocurrence profiles selected verbs. Using these maps we are enabled to determine the different similarities in the usage of these verbs.
|
|
|
On the nesting phenomenon in a bilingual dictionary
Šemelík, Martin ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Berglová, Eva (referee)
dictionary. Crucially, the thesis deals with the question, which of the ways of ordering entries, the alphabetical order or nesting, will be more advantageous to the supposed addressee group of a new German-Czech Academic Dictionary (GDTAW). Besides strictly linguistic points of view, factors such as the user aspect and usefulness are given special attention in this thesis. The analysis shows that the alphabetical order of entries might be more useful to the users of the new dictionary than the nesting or other types of regroupment. As a result, the author focuses on how to indicate word-formation links in dictionaries with a strictly alphabetical macrostructure. In connection with this, the thesis presents an analysis of selected bilingual and monolingual dictionaries.
|
|
|
On Sense Division in a Bilingual Dictionary
Hagenhoferová, Lucie ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the dividing the dictionary entry into several "sub-meanings", i.e. with the sense division, and with the closely related ordering of these "sub-meanings", i.e. with the sense ordering, with the bilingual passive German-Czech dictionary in the centre of interest. This thesis deals shortly also with the discriminating the senses by different means, i.e. with the sense discrimination. With these three subjects chronologically following the lexicographic decisions the matter of equivalence and the understanding of the term of meaning are correlated. In the theoretical part of this thesis the specifics of the sense division and the sense ordering in the monolingual and in the bilingual lexicography are introduced, in the practical part of this thesis the possibilities of the sense division and the sense ordering are exemplified with ten chosen substantive lemmas prepared for the Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary in progress. For every lemma the most suitable arrangement of the lemma is suggested, which is then compared with the corresponding dictionary entry in the source dictionary Duden - Deutsches Universalwörterbuch. The differences between the arrangements of the microstructure illustrate the necessity of the revision and eventual modification of the adopted structure...
|
guest ::
