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WHOLENESS AS A BASIC ASSUPTION FOR UNDERSTANDING OF MEANING PROVIDED BY ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE
Kinnert, Filip ; Löw, Jiří (referee) ; Michl, Jan (referee) ; Horáček, Martin (advisor)
Is it possible to perceive places and architectural forms as meaningful but without symbolic references? Is it possible to talk about the spirit of a place and life in things without kitschy sentimentality? This thesis approaches architecture as a built environment, and studies how we humans can relate to the context of the natural environment not only by means of interventions but also by satisfying the urge for meaning by mutual co-creation. A certain way of thinking, mainly oriented toward utility and abstract concepts, makes it impossible for us to viscerally connect with our environment. This appears as a part of the environmental crisis, the loss of sense of place, and the inability to create new soulful places. The theoretical basis for this thesis is theories by Christopher Alexander. His idea of wholeness overcomes the apparent alienation from nature, or the division between the subject and so-called “objective reality” and allows us to approach life and the environment in another way than as a mere mechanism. From the perspective of wholeness, the study of architectural language consists of recognizing the meanings of architectural forms as references on the one hand and, on the other hand, meanings of forms that express value by themselves. The latter belongs to the experience of our own subjectivity. Such meanings are expressed for example by art, but they are present in everyday life, and they can be reflected in the order of things, or in places thanks to our own experience of home – a place par excellence. In this endeavor for recognition, I search for support in the works of researchers of the phenomenological approach to architecture, and experts in the fields of philosophy, art, and science, who seem to work with the same assumption of wholeness. Using induction, comparison, and logical argumentation, I point to the correlations between the approaches, and I use their terminology as complementary in my own observations and examples. I offer this thesis to the discussion on the unified architectural theory. I also see opportunity in a vision of sensitive continuity on the richness of the architectural heritage without showing off the “ever new" architectural forms and, on the contrary, scrupulous imitation of "historical" forms. The mainly theoretical work is added with empirical research, in which I point out that some non-visual characteristics of structures can be of the same or even greater importance in evaluating the degree of life (wholeness) than the visual complexity. In doing so, I question some of the conclusions of the leading researchers in the field who investigate the concept of wholeness quantitatively.
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Airport terminal
Mika, Václav ; Pešek, Ondřej (referee) ; Horáček, Martin (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with design and structural assesment of the steel airport terminal in Prag-Ruzyne. The project is designed in two options. The dimensions of the rectagular floor plan are 79,3 x 98,65 m. The height of the building in highest point is 21,5 m. The airport terminal contains 9 main frames spaced by 9 m. The cladding of the roof and the side walls is designed by sendwich panels. The face wall is made by glass facade system.
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Steel Structure of Sport Hall
Hrabovská, Kristýna ; Balázs, Ivan (referee) ; Horáček, Martin (advisor)
The principal aim of this thesis is to design and assess the steel structure of a new sports hall located in Slavkov u Brna. The hall should be used mainly for common collective ball sports. This fact places minimal requirements on the dimensions of the building. The hall has rectangular shape with dimensions of 61x30 meters, height of 12.5 meters and a saddle roof with angle of slope 10°. Its main frame is created of truss with pin-supported beams. The spatial rigidity of the structure is secured by longitudinal and sway bracings. The bars of the steel structure consist of rolled sections. The cladding of hall made of panels manufactured by Kingspan. Panels are supported by wall girts and roof purlins. A permanent load on the building is considered due to the weight of the steel structure and panels and variable load is considered due to the snow load and wind load. Steel S235 is used as the construction material.
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Steel structure of a sport hall
Lorenc, Jakub ; Horáček, Martin (referee) ; Balázs, Ivan (advisor)
The subject of this bachelor’s thesis is the design and assessment of main load-bearing elements of the steel structure of sport hall in Lužice. The building is of rectangular plan of dimensions 37,12x51 m and height 12,8 m. The load-bearing structure consists of arched truss girders, which are pin-supported by fixed columns. The distance between main trusses is 6 m and they are connected by purlins and girts. The spatial rigidity of the structure is ensured with a system of bracings. The structure elements are made of steel class S235, the cladding consists of sandwich panels.
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Steel structure of industrial hall
Pavlas-Jirásek, Václav ; Horáček, Martin (referee) ; Balázs, Ivan (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the design of a main load-bearing steel structure of industrial hall with two overhead cranes. The floor plan dimensions are 24 × 60 m, height of building is 16 m. The main structure consists of pin-supported symetrical truss girders on columns with centre to centre spacing 12 m. The truss purlins are pin-supported on the girders. The columns are fixed in the lateral direction. Spatial rigidity of the structure is secured by system of bracing. The base material is steel of class S355.
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Lateral Torsional Buckling of Thin-Walled Steel Beams with Web Holes
Horáček, Martin ; Škaloud, Miroslav (referee) ; Juhás,, Pavol (referee) ; Melcher, Jindřich (advisor)
The current trend in the design of steel structures leads, due to the saving of the material, to the frequent use of thin-walled cold formed steel sections. Thin cold-formed steel profiles are often manufactured with web holes. A specific example of thin-walled steel profiles are Sigma beams used in additionally installed built-in floors systems in warehouses. The aim of doctoral thesis is the analysis, assessment and experimental verification of the technical solution of thin-walled steel beams with web openings loaded in bending with respect to lateral torsional buckling. The objective is to develop knowledge about the real properties of steel members of considered structural arrangement in order to specify the methods of analysis and design in industrial practice. The theoretical analysis describes the behavior of the beams by means of solving the differential equations of the equilibrium on deformed element of thin walled member under bending. In case of beams with web holes is used the solution in the form of introduction of substitute cross-section properties, which are defined as the weighted average of the properties of full and weakened section. The numerical analysis is focused on the use of commonly available software in order to predict the bending resistance of beams with web opening with respect to lateral torsional buckling. Since the software used in practice solves only the prismatic beams without option to model the web openings, it is in frame of numerical analysis verified the model of beam with reduced thickness of web constantly over the whole beam length in the zone of perforation. The experimental analysis is firstly focusing on the verification of real bending and torsion stiffness of the beams, based on which are being derived the values of basic cross-sectional properties. Subsequently the experimental verification of real bending resistance with respect to the lateral torsional buckling is being performed.
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Museum
Orságová, Martina ; Balázs, Ivan (referee) ; Horáček, Martin (advisor)
Thesis contains variants of design and check of the steel structure of museum situated in Brno. The disposition of the building is three storey structure with a story height of 4meters. The building has a rectangular cross looking shape with dimensions 120x80meters. The height of the structure is 21m . Load bearing beams are 6m apart. The main load bearing structure is made of steel beams, truss beams, columns and stiffeners. Global stiffness is provided by concrete cores, composite slabs and stiffeners beams. The roof is designed as a green variant. The facade is made of glass and Corten sheets. Ceilings is designed as steel-concrete composite deck. The main construction material is Steel S235 and Steel S355. The concrete parts are designed from Concrete C25/30.
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Vitality in the architectonic environment
Eyer, David ; Horáček, Martin (referee) ; Hudec, Mojmír (referee) ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Žabičková, Ivana (advisor)
More and more research studies are being conducted on the quality of architectural space as a factor affecting our mental, social and physical health. In the past, this topic was often overlooked in its complexity. The establishment of the specialized fields of building biology, biophilic architecture and the works of Christopher Alexander and Nikos Salingaros now allow us to consider various facets of this subject. This dissertation aims to analyse the topic of vitality in architectural space by studying the abilities and perceptions of its users. Therefore its aim is not to develop a new theory of “vitality-enhancing architectural space”, but to describe how this phenomenon is perceived by the users themselves. Users can provide feedback on which features of architectural space they see as the most important for the feeling of vitality. These features have been hierarchically organized based on their perceived importance, analysed and described in detail to allow their relatively easy application in practice. This dissertation will also allow a comparison with other existing works on the studied topic.
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Multifunctional multi-storey building
Kántor, Albert ; Pešek, Ondřej (referee) ; Horáček, Martin (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is a design of a multifunctional multi-storey building consisting of six floors which is located in Česká Třebová. The floor dimensions of structure are 56,5 x 26,5 m and its height is 22,150 m. The building is covered with green roof. The mail load bearing structure consists of primary beams, secondary beams, columns and vertical bracing. The floor structure is designed as a composite steel and concrete structure. The spatial rigidity of the structure is secured with vertical bracing and rigid concrete roof slab. Main used materials are structural steel S235, S355 and concrete of grade C25/30.
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