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Study of chicken antibodies against viral S protein of SARS-CoV-2
Křížová, Tereza ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Svášková, Dagmar (referee)
In the beginning of the year 2020, the WHO declared a pandemic in relation with spreading of a new infection. The Covid-19 disease is mainly manifested by respiratory problems caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It enters the host cell through the ACE2 receptor, to which it is bound by the RBD domain of the surface "spike" protein. A possible way of protection against viral infection is vaccination, e.g. with an mRNA vaccine, which induces the production of a "spike" protein to invoke an immune response and antibody production. Another possible alternative for protection is passive immunotherapy. In this thesis, antibodies from chicken eggs were chosen, which are extensively used in the prevention of various viral and bacterial diseases. They are characterized by high binding affinity to antigens, they are economically inexpensive and are considered a rapid, simple and safe method of passive protection. Antibodies IgY were prepared from egg yolks of chickens vaccinated with an mRNA vaccine encoding a "spike" protein. The reactivity of the prepared antibodies with the whole "spike" protein (expressed in insect cells) was tested by ELISA, demonstrating the ability of the antibodies to bind to the antigen with high affinity. Subsequently, their ability to interact with the RBD domain itself (expressed in...
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The biochemical parameters of wine and their changes during ageing
Vacková, Tereza ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hodek, Petr (referee)
3. Abstract Wines marketed under the same brandname and designation may differ in color and other characteristic, as they may come from different batches. These differences may reflect different concentrations of individual components in wine, reflecting, for example, different compositions of individual cupages. We used the reagent set "Malá vinařská laboratoř" (supplied by the BS Vinařské závody, Velké Bílovice, ČR) to determine principal parameters of two samples of a white wine with the same brandname, differing in color. For comparison, one sample of red wine was studied with the same methods. After opening the wine, we followed the changes of selected parameters during ageing, for 14 days (keeping the wine in a cold place), and also in a short-term experiment under elevated temperature. Our laboratory data were complemented by a more detailed analysis of phenolics and other antioxidants, performed in a specialised laboratory (Mendel Agricultural University, Brno, ČR).
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Development of model system for study of bacterial adhesion on lung epithelium of CF patients
Nosková, Libuše ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Švédová, Martina (referee)
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease bearing a number of health difficulties. The main complication is a chronic colonization and infection of respiratory tract with specific microorganisms - especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The lung infection with this microorganism is the most common cause of all of death in these patients. The colonization of respiratory tract is mediated by the series of adhesive structures such as lectin PA-IIL. Currently, the most widely used therapy is an antibiotic treatment. Due to the increasing resistance to antibiotics another methods for treatment are being searched. One possibility is a passive immunization of patients with chicken antibodies. For this purpose, we prepared antibodies against one of the adhesive structures of P. aeruginosa - recombinant lectin PA-IIL. These antibodies be able to recognize a native lectin PA-IIL, expressed by P. aeruginosa. To test the ability of antibodies to prevent adhesion of bacteria on the lung epithelial cells a suitable model system was necessary to develop. The basal components of this system include epithelial cells and P. aeruginosa. Epithelial cells from airways of cystic fibrosis patient were isolated by two methods. One method is based on the direct isolation from the dissected tissue and the second one is a brushing...
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Comparison of efficiency of bibliographic databases for biochemical problems
Frantíková, Dagmar ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hodek, Petr (referee)
The study presents a comparison between four bibliographic databases widely used in biochemistry: paid SCOPUS and Web of Science and free-accessible MEDLINE and Google Scholar. Their efficacy and suitability for solving biochemical problems was evaluated. Three model problems were chosen and entered to databases: "ellipticine", "Lowry method" and "serine racemase". The located articles in each database were then sorted by their relevance. The best results were obtained with the SCOPUS database (highest proportion of relevant results; thus database has at the same time user-friendly interface). Very good was also free MEDLINE database and if paid databases are unavailable, MEDLINE would be the right option. The best results were found with a combination of both above named databases. Also database Web of Science gave good and relevant results but was not as useful as SCOPUS or MEDLINE. The worst results in this study was given by the database Google Scholar. It would be recommended for searches of basic, not so specific problems. This database locates many articles but with questionnable proportion of relevant articles - and these have to be found manually, which would be time-consuming. Thesis in Czech.
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Isolation and characterization of microsomal fraction of fungus Pleurotus ostreatus and its role in the degradation of 17α-ethinylestradiol
Valášková, Petra ; Černá, Věra (advisor) ; Hodek, Petr (referee)
A synthetic hormone 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) which is a component of hormonal contraception pills has been identified as a main component of the endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDc). EDc are substances that mimic natural hormones in their action. Recently their amount especially in the groundwater and the surface water has been increased, which results in a negative impact on the hormonal system especially of aquatic organisms. Since it is not easy to replace these substances from the environment by conventional techniques other possibilities of their biodegradation are examined. White rot fungi, which are able to degrade lignin in nature, have promising biodegradation abilities towards many pollutants. These fungi contain a wide range of non-specific extracellular and intracellular enzymes that play an important role in the degradation. This bachelor thesis was targeted on the study of a white rot fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus, and especially on the degradation potential of its intracellular enzymes in the biodegradation of EE2. Initially, the ability of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus to degrade EE2 in vivo was tested. During the 48 hour incubation there was replaced 95,5 % of EE2. However, the role of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) in a metabolism of EE2 was not confirmed in this experiment by reason that an...
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