|
|
Essays on Public Finance
Lichard, Tomáš ; Hanousek, Jan (advisor) ; Palda, Filip (referee) ; Fialová, Kamila (referee)
This dissertation analyzes two presently widely discussed topics in Public Finance: relationship between the shadow economy and tax policy, and the effect of financial transaction taxes on the functioning of financial markets. The first chapter describes presently used estimators of the size of the shadow economy, with a focus on microeconomic estimators. It illustrates problems with assumptions that a vast majority of recent studies use to identify underreporting (mainly the comparison of employed and self-employed) using data from four transition economies as an example. It shows that the most common assumption, that self-employed evade whereas employees do not is probably too strict in less compliant economies, where even employees have opportunities to evade through e.g. under-the-table wages or by moonlighting at unreported jobs. The second chapter develops an estimator of unreported income that relaxes some of these strict assumptions. Assuming only that tax-evading households have a higher consumption- income gap than non-evaders in surveys, an endogenous switching model with unknown sample separation enables the estimation of both the probability of hiding income and the expected amount of unreported income for each household. Using data from Czech and Slovak household...
|
|
| |
|
|
Healthful brothers and sisters of mental disable children - parent's eyes
Fialová, Kristýna ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Sotáková, Hana (referee)
TITTLE: Healthful brothers and sisters of mental disable children - parent's eyes SUMMARY: The text deals with the specifications of the relationship parent - sibling of a child with mental disabilities. It endeavours after answering the question what parental expectations and demands are placed on siblings in such family situation and how do these demands differ from the approach to a child with mental disabilities. Keywords: Family relationships, Sibling relationships, Mental disability, Education and educational attitudes
|
|
|
Minimum Wage: Theory, Policies and Economic Consequences in the Czech Republic
Fialová, Kamila ; Erbenová, Michaela (advisor) ; Hlaváček, Jiří (referee)
Minimum wage is a highly controversial instrument of labour market policies. Economic theorists have not reached a broad consensus regarding its consequences so far. The same situation applies to empirical research. Nevertheless, minimum wage is used in many developed countries and its utilization is recommended by different international organizations Advocates of minimum wage seek arguments mainly in decreasing poverty of low income individuals, reducing income disparities, motivation of low productive workers and making work pay. However noble these goals might be, minimum wage would not be an effective tool to promote them as it might increase only incomes of those individuals who work. Moreover, introducing and increasing minimum wage might represent a large burden for employers who might decide to fire workers, whose productivity would not reach the minimum wage. To the extent in which these negative consequences would occur, potential benefits for working poor would be limited. The thesis summarises the results of various economic concepts of minimum wage, empirical studies of its consequences and international trends in approaching of this issue. Consecutively, it presents an analysis of the minimum wage development in the Czech Republic since its introduction in 1991 and of the impact of...
|
|
|
The anti-alcohol measures in Russia and life satisfaction
Baydadaeva, Nigina ; Fialová, Kamila (advisor) ; Opatrný, Matěj (referee)
1 Abstract The long-standing issue of the alcohol consumption level in Russia, remaining among the highest in the World, has resulted in the introduction of strict anti-alcohol regulations aiming to mitigate the negative aftermath. Substance abuse influences many spheres of life, including life satisfaction. Moreover, in the special case of Russia, hazardous drinking led to the increase in the probability of men's death. This thesis examines the relationships between the newly introduced anti-alcohol policies in Russia during the period from 2009 to 2014 and the life satisfaction of alcohol consumers. To perform the analysis, the Difference-in-Differences principle is applied to the sample derived from the two waves of the non-governmental survey conducted by The Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey - Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE). The respondents are divided into two groups: alcohol consumers (treatment group) and abstainers (control group). The analysis is firstly performed on the whole sample of the Russian population, then on the masculine subsample. The results of both parts of the analysis show no evidence of an increase in the life satisfaction of alcohol consumers following the implementation of the anti-alcohol regulations over the period under review. Keywords: taxes, life satisfaction,...
|
|
| |
|
|
Minimum wage : theory, policies and economic consequences in the Czech Republic
Fialová, Kamila ; Erbenová, Michaela (advisor)
Minimum wage is a highly controversial instrument of labour market policies. Economic theorists have not reached a broad consensus regarding its consequences so far. The same situation applies to empirical research. Nevertheless, minimum wage is used in many developed countries and its utilization is recommended by different international organizations Advocates of minimum wage seek arguments mainly in decreasing poverty of low income individuals, reducing income disparities, motivation of low productive workers and making work pay. However noble these goals might be, minimum wage would not be an effective tool to promote them as it might increase only incomes of those individuals who work. Moreover, introducing and increasing minimum wage might represent a large burden for employers who might decide to fire workers, whose productivity would not reach the minimum wage. To the extent in which these negative consequences would occur, potential benefits for working poor would be limited. The thesis summarises the results of various economic concepts of minimum wage, empirical studies of its consequences and international trends in approaching of this issue. Consecutively, it presents an analysis of the minimum wage development in the Czech Republic since its introduction in 1991 and of the impact of...
|
|
|
Chemical-technological audit of the WTP Tlumačov - assessment of the technology of suspension formation and separation
Pivokonský, Martin ; Čermáková, Lenka ; Prokopová, Michaela ; Fialová, Kateřina ; Sochorová, H. ; Haidl, Jan
The report describes the assessment of the sludge formation and separation technology at the WTP Tlumačov in two measuring cycles (summer 2020 and spring 2021) in profiles: i) aeration, ii) effluent from the reaction tank, iii) flocculation, iv) sediment inflow, v) after sedimentation, vi) inflow to filtration, vii) after filtration, on the right and left line of ÚV Tlumačov. The report assessed the quality of raw and treated water and the effectiveness of destabilization and aggregation. The preparation of the suspension in the phase of fast and slow mixing and separation of flakes were evaluated. Aggregation tests (sedimentometric analysis) were used for this purpose.
|
|
|
Information System Assessment and Proposal of ICT Modification
Fialová, Kateřina ; Kindlová, Dita (referee) ; Koch, Miloš (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis deals with the assessment of the information system and subsequent changes. The issue is solved by the characteristics of analytical methods and individual terms related to the information system. The work includes an analysis of the current state of the company and system they use. According to a suggestion aiming for the improvement of the present situation and elimination of found risks is developed.
|
|
| |
guest ::
RSS feed.