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Molecular variability and distribution of the Frustulia rhomboides species complex (Bacillariophyceae)
Urbánková, Pavla ; Kulichová, Jana (advisor) ; Bešta, Tomáš (referee)
Recent use of molecular methods to revisit taxonomically problematic diatom species revealed severe limitations of morphological species concept. Characterization of diatom species which was based solely on the morphology of their frustules often generated too broad species boundaries which inevitably lead to wrong conclusions about their ecology and distribution. Widespread opinion that many diatom species are cosmopolitan generalists resulted in a theory that dispersal of diatoms is not limited by geographical distance. However, a number of recent studies showed that dispersal of diatoms is governed by the same rules which matter for macroorganisms. Proposed master thesis addresses the topic of diversity and dispersal in diatom species complex Frustulia rhomboides sensu lato in Europe and New Zealand. Results suggest that: (1) although revealed molecular variability in this complex shows clear ecological and biogeographical signal, it is not correlated in morphology. This is another support to general need for adoption of different species concept in diatoms. (2) A considerably uneven ratio in species diversity of genus Frustulia found in ecological similar habitats in Europe and New Zealand supports the idea that diatom dispersal is limited and stressed the need for studies dealing with biogeography.
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Ultrasound imaging of posterior vaginal wall descent
Krčmář, Michal ; Marešová, Dana (advisor) ; Zmrhal, Jan (referee) ; Kittnar, Otomar (referee)
The aim of our study was to set up the parameters, which could be used in the future for objective assesment of posterior vaginal wall descent same as they have been used in the assesment of anterior compartment. We included 42 attendants, 21 with proven descent of posterior vaginal wall; 21 as a control group. We observed the ultrasonographical distance between the most descending point at posterior vaginal wall according to the horizontal line and the inferior margin of pubic bone same as posterior anorectal angle after the intrarectal application of sonographic yelly; both at rest and during Valsalva manévre. Doubleoptional t-test was used for statistical evaluation of the results. Furthermore we judged the demographic features of both groups. We proved the statistic significant decrease in measured distances in the group of patients suffering from the descent compared to the group of healthy women. Values of posterior anorectal angle were significantly highered in the group of patients with the descent. The incidence of descent is related to higher age, higher level of BMI and multiparity in the group of patients. There was also higher incidence of stress urinary incontinence in patients' group, which had been surgically treated. We obtained no explicit data about influence of menopausal status being an...
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Towards an Eco-inspired poetics of minimalist narrative
Kuzmičová, Anežka ; Pokorný, Martin (referee) ; Bílek, Petr (advisor)
What is a minimalist narrative, and what are its characteristic features? How do you identify one? For many critics, minimalist writing is a strictly historical notion - even though they at the same time, like John Barth does in his famous apologetics "A Few Words About Minimalism", paradoxically enough stress its ubiquitous nature throughout literature of all times. By narrative minimalism the American critic generally means the austere style of the novels and short stories of Raymond Carver, Amy Hempel, Mary Robison, Joan Didion, Ann Beattie. An American literary current of the 1970s mainly, devoted merely to the quotidian, descriptive, often reduced to what can be perceived from the outside of a human character. Thereby: the "dirty realism" or "K-mart realism". These derogatory labels tell us that the literary reviewer and critic of today still formulates his terms and judgments out of a hierarchically ordered, traditional presupposition of what a narrative text is and should be, working with a virtual model of balance between "form" and "content". Translated into the language of classical narratology: story discourse.
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Functional changes of postural syndrome in patients with a scar in the abdominal region
Znamenáčková, Radka ; Truc, Michal (advisor) ; Ježková, Martina (referee)
This diploma thesis brings together findings concerning the problematic of postsurgical active scars putting the stress on postsurgical abdominal scars. It deals with a patofysiology of active scars. First part summarizes case studies concerning diagnostic, manual treatment of active scar tissue and clinical importance of active scars. Second one presents examination of after-hysterectomy patients. Results suggest that active abdominal scar can disturb locomotor system function. In fact it can cause locomotor dysfunction and may contribute to painful conditions of the locomotor system. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Word-formation by ablaut vs. word-formation by suffixation in diachrony
Hejná, Michaela ; Klégr, Aleš (referee) ; Čermák, Jan (advisor)
The present bachelor thesis deals with word-formation by ablaut vs. word-formation by suffixation in diachrony, namely in Old and Middle English. The reason for choosing this theme lied in its general marginalization in grammar books, in which the reader finds detailed descriptions of the grammatical function of ablaut in Old and, to a lesser extent, also in Middle English. The aim of the thesis was to describe ablaut formations during these two stages of the language in a typological perspective. The analyses focus on introflectional features of the roots of the formations and show the decrease in various combinations of the individual realizations of the roots that display ablaut with inflectional (-a, -e, -o/-u; -) and purely derivational, agglutinative, suffixes (-lic; -full; -scip; -had; -d, -t, -). The thesis further focuses on whether the various realizations of the roots are connected with the selected suffixes also semantically, i.e. whether there exist formal and/or semantic correspondences in the combinations. The analyses themselves were preceded by determining morphologically related families on the basis of the Dictionary of Old English: A-F, the most recent and detailed dictionary of Old English, which covered entries under the letters A-F when our analyses were carried out. The same was done...
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Prevention of back pain in adults using a computer
Žbánková, Marie ; Ježková, Martina (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
Computers in modern times have become part of our lives, but apart from benefits they bring many medical complications as well. This paper provides a brief overview of existing knowledge and studies, dealing with back pain in the adult population working with computers. In the theoretical part, the emphasis is on prevention and treatment of back pain, which is very intertwined. The practical part presents the results of research, which had the form of a checklist answered by 50 men and 73 women. The results show high prevalence of back pain of computer users, many differences are to be found in the characteristics of pain of men and women, ages and dependence of pain intensity on movement habits of respondents. The work points to the significance of the problem, which is important for the society. It stresses the need for an active approach of computer users and their employers. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Corporate Social Responsibility in China: Path to Sustainable Growth (Selected Problems)
Kuksová, Magdalena ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Knotková, Vladimíra (referee)
Social, cultural and technological changes of recent decades led to a new dominant feature of the world economy in the form of globalization. This coincided with the extraordinary growth of international political institutions that seem unable to control the process of globalization and its effects. Multinational corporations have become drivers of economic growth in the world. They have outsourced production to developing countries with low standards and weak legislation, particularly to China, where violation of Chinese and international law occurs frequently. No one assumes responsibility for this situation. The question therefore arises whether such economic growth can be legitimate and sustainable. The master thesis focuses on working conditions related to the production of goods in China. The aim of this master thesis is to try to determine to what extent the concept of corporate social responsibility can contribute to sustainable growth and improve working conditions in China. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter contains a theoretical introduction to social responsibility, the second chapter shows the influx of foreign businesses into China and its impacts on society. The third to the fifth chapter introduce attempts by various authorities and corporations to address the problem of harsh working conditions and violations of legal norms. The sixth chapter encourages consumer to take responsibility. The work is exclusively focused on the social pillar of corporate social responsibility.
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THE ANALYSIS OF THE ROMANIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT -- FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE TRANSFORMATION UNTIL THE INTEGRATION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION
Ilinitchi, Cristina ; Plchová, Božena (advisor) ; Korandová, Jiřina (referee)
Romania, as other Central and Eastern European countries, was after 1989 in the position to make the choice regarding its future development. Economists have added a new word to their vocabulary -- the economic transformation. The work focuses on the process of economic transformation in Romania after 1989. The first part deals with the main theoretical approaches to the process of transformation. The theoretical part is followed by the analysis of the most important economical indicators and other features of the Romanian economic transformation. The accession of Romania to the European Union is also stressed out. The conclusion of the work summarises the successes and failures of the transformation process in Romania.
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Rondels and the structure of settlement areas in the late neolithic period
Řídký, Jaroslav ; Popelka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Zápotocká, Marie (referee) ; Pavlů, Ivan (referee)
The Neolithic in the wider area of Central Europe and especially its later period (4 900- 4 500) is represented by one type of feature, the building of which demanded not only complex knowledge of mathematics and astronomy, as many researches have stressed out, but also necessary organizational skills based on a long-term plan. In the context of the Czech Republic, these features or complexes of features ( ditch and pallisade) are called rondels or circle ditched features. The traces of rondels construction and accessible literature make it possible to compare several variables of rondel s, namely the ground plan shapes, the number of V -shaped ditches and inner pallisades. the number and position of individua! entrances. Different entrance shapes represent another important variable in the forms of rondels. Most published sources provide information about the maximum and minimum diameter of the whole complex, the measures of individua! ditches are mentioned only rarely. Sometimes, the maximum width and depth of individua! ditches are recorded. Similar information is recorded about the pallisades ditches. Unfortunatelly, only very few basic and often quoted sources mention the spatial structure of the settlement with a rondel as well as the description of the surrounding area with chronologically co-...
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Alternative methods of estimating potential output and the output Gap: An application to Czech
Krasnovský, Pavol ; Brůna, Karel (advisor) ; Kuncl, Martin (referee)
The text discusses some used methods for estimating potential product and output gaps based on aggregated data for the Czech Republic. Though these methods exhibit some common features, an empirical comparison demonstrates that the various techniques differ substantially. In particular, the correlation of output gaps calculated with different methods is generally low , the methods imply different turning points. To conclude, the methods for estimating potential product a used have only limited information content for macroeconomics.
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