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Electronic toll systems in cities
Verner, Radim ; Zelený, Lubomír (advisor) ; Svoboda, Lukáš (referee)
This diploma thesis is about description and analysis of urban traffic. First part of this work is focused on subsystems of urban public transport, categorization and description of the external costs in road transport and possible ways of charging. Electronic toll systems, their legal framework, the basic architecture, applied technologies and their interoperability and standardization are described. The final and main part of this work is devoted to a description and evaluation of urban toll systems in three Norwegian cities: Oslo, Trondheim and Bergen.
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Cycloaddition of 3-(deoxyribos-1-yl)propynoate with alkynes
Kulhavá, Lucie ; Kotora, Martin (advisor) ; Machara, Aleš (referee)
The object of this work is development of method for a syntesis of Dewar benzenes bearing the deoxyriboside group. The synthesis was based on ethynylation of halogenose resulting in the formation of a mixture of anomeric ethynyldeoxiriboses, which was followed by silylation and separation of individiual anomers. After removal of the silyl group the isomerically pure ethynyldeoxyriboses were transformed into corresponding propynoates that were the key substance for the formation od Dewar benzenes. The reaction of the propynoates with the tetramethylcyclobutadiene-aluminium trichloride complex provided the desired Dewar benzenes bearing the deoxyribose group. Finally, rearrangement of the formed Dewar benzenes to 1-aryldeoxyriboses was studied under thermal and photochemical conditions. Keywords: cycloaddition, arenes, Dewar benzene
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Drug Prevention among Roma Youth
Hrabcová, Marta ; Sak, Petr (advisor) ; Janošová, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with the drug prevention among Roma youth. It is based on the research among the clients of Children and Youth Centre Teen Challenge Int. I have been working there as a part time worker the last three years. Using the method of in-depth half- structured interviews, I interviewed twelve clients, ages in the range of ten to sixteen years. All of them were members of the Roma minority, which is a group significantly affected by social exclusion and wide range of socially pathological phenomena, including the use of addictive substances. Given this situation, Roma youth appears to be a group highly at-risk of drug addiction. This means that special attention should be paid to this group in selective prevention efforts. Beside this, non-specific prevention is also extremely important. In this paper I tried to show that, as many risk-factors are closely related to the very ethnic specificity of this minority. Its unique cultural features must be taken into account. Non-specific prevention should focus not only on the meaningful use of free time, but it should also seek to strengthen self-confidence, positive features of ethnic identity, ability of planning and postponing satisfaction. Some other important parts of non-specific prevention could consist of efforts to teach how to accept...
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Psychoactive substance abuse and its influence on work behavior. Mental vulnerability of managers to alcohol addiction.
Hanzlovský, Michal ; Rymeš, Milan (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
8 HANZLOVSKÝ, Michal. Vplyv užívania psychoaktívnych látok na pracovné správanie : psychická vulnerabilita k alkoholovej závislosti u manažérov. Diplomová práca. Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze. Filozofická fakulta. Katedra psychologie, 2011. 104 s. Vedúci diplomovej práce Doc. PhDr. Milan Rymeš, CSc. Abstract The presented thesis focuses on the topic of psychoactive substance addictions in terms of work and organisational psychology. Specifically, we introduce these issues of dependence with people in managerial positions, and their impact on work-related functions and leadership. Besides the principal clinical contexts of addictions as biopsychosocial issues, the theoretical part of the thesis deals with the problems of stress and mental vulnerability of managers to alcohol dependency with an emphasis to problems of alcohol at the workplace. The practical part of the paper presents a screening of alcohol abuse on the sample of Czech managers. Key words: alcohol, alcohol abuse, psychoactive substance, addiction, manager, stress, mental vulnerability
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Mechanism of surfactin self-resistance in the Bacillus subtilis cytoplasmatic membrane
Seydlová, Gabriela ; Svobodová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Spížek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Julák, Alois (referee)
Surfactin, a lipopeptide surfactant and antibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis, exhibits a strong membrane perturbation. One of the drawbacks hindering its commercial applications is the unknown mechanism of surfactin self-resistance in the producer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the self-protective mechanisms of the cytoplasmic membrane of B. subtilis against the deleterious effect of surfactin. In order to reach this task, two isogenic pairs of strains differing only in surfactin production were constructed. It was found out that the early response of the producer is realized by increasing the amount of total lipid content in the membrane already with the onset of surfactin synthesis. This process leads to lowering the surfactin-lipid ratio in the membrane. In parallel with the growing surfactin concentration the content of anionic phospholipids with cardiolipin as the major representative rises up to 24 % of the total. Together with the fall of phosphatidylethanolamine these changes promote the membrane stabilization and protect it against the interaction with surfactin. These alterations result in higher rigidity both of the polar head and hydrophobic chain region of the membrane as the steady state anisotropy of DPH and TMA-DPH showed. After 24 h of cultivation induction of...
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Morphemic structure of contemporary Czech: from linguistic theory to automatic language processing
Lebeda, Jiří ; Petkevič, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kučera, Karel (referee)
The morphemic research of the Czech language witnessed its largest boom in the 1960s and 1970s. Since the appearance of Retrográdní morfematický slovník češtiny (1975) by Eleonora Slavíčková and of Komárek's Příspěvky k české morfologii (1978), the interest of researchers in this area of linguistics has been waning. The leitmotifs of all nine chapters of this monograph are an attempt to defend morphemics as a stand-alone discipline, an evaluation of the theoretic and empirical knowledge gathered so far, and the justification of formal computer processing as the only promising approach for the future. The interdisciplinary character of the present work manifests itself in the search for impulses for proposing an algorithmic approach to morphemic analysis and synthesis - which is the culmination of the monograph - e.g. in cognitive sciences and general semiotics. An examination of the main principles of how the mental lexicon works, including the theory of activation of language units, shows that a computational approach to traditional linguistic topics and methods can borrow inspiration not only from theoretical fields. The central term, namely morpheme, which is realized as morph in the language usage, is widely believed to have been introduced by Jan Baudoin de Courtenay in the 1880s. Using the great...
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Analysis of intracellular pathogen Francisella tularensis expression upon cultivation under stressfull conditions and during the interaction with a host cell
Lenčo, Juraj ; Stulík, Jiří (advisor) ; Rychlík, Ivan (referee) ; Weiser, Jaroslav (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové Analýza exprese intracelulárního patogena Francisella tularensis kultivovaného za stresových podmínek a v průběhu interakce s hostitelskou buňkou Autoreferát dizertační práce Mgr. Juraj Lenčo Hradec Králové 2007 2 Dizertační práce byla vypracována v rámci doktorského studijního programu lékařská biologie na Ústavu lékařské biologie a genetiky Lékařské fakulty v Hradci Králové, Univerzity Karlovy v Praze a Ústavu molekulární patologie Fakulty vojenského zdravotnictví Hradec Králové, Univerzita obrany Brno. Uchazeč: Mgr. Juraj Lenčo Ústav molekulární patologie, Fakulta vojenského zdravotnictví Hradec Králové, Univerzita obrany Brno. Školitel: Doc. MUDr. Jiří Stulík, CSc. Ústav molekulární patologie, Fakulta vojenského zdravotnictví Hradec Králové, Univerzita obrany Brno Školitel konzultant: Prof. MUDr. RNDr. Miroslav Červinka, CSc. Ústav lékařské biologie a genetiky, Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové, Univerzita Karlova v Praze Oponenti: RNDr. Ivan Rychlík, Ph.D. Oddělení bakteriologie Výzkumný ústav veterinárního lékařství Brno RNDr. Jaroslav Weiser, CSc. Mikrobiologický ústav Akademie věd České republiky Stanovisko k dizertační práci vypracovala oborová rada oboru lékařská biologie akreditovaného na Ústavu lékařské biologie a genetiky Lékařské...
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Calculus Bovis effect on blood lipids and the expression of endothelial NO synthesis / / in ApoE-deficient mouse model of atherosclerosis
Studená, Romana ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Trejtnar, František (referee)
Calculus Bovis is one of the most precious and commonly-used medicinal materials in China. It is consists predominantly bilirubin and bile acids. In this thesis we focused on possible effects of Calculus Bovis on lipids and atherogenesis in apoE-deficient mice. ApoE-deficient mice were fed standard diet for 2 weeks. At the age of 8 weeks the control group of animals were fed with the western type diet, which contained 21% fat and 0,15% cholesterol for 8 weeks. The same atherogenic diet was used in Calculus Bovis group, where Calculus Bovis was added to the atherogenic diet at the dosage of 50 mg/kg b.wt. Calculus Bovis (Artificial bezoar, Biopharma, Australia) per day. The biochemical analysis of lipid spectrum was done, area of atherosclerotic lesions was determined and imunohistochemical and stereological analysis of eNOS expression was performed as well. Calculus bovis treatment did not affect blood lipids, total cholesterol, VLDL, LDL, HDL and TAG when compared with control mice. Moreover Calculus bovis treatment did not decrease either atherosclerotic plaque area or endothelial expression of eNOS. The failure of Calculus Bovis treatment in this pilot study could be probably related to insufficient dose of Calculus Bovis.
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The young and their lifestyle.
Brož, Michal ; Jílek, Petr (referee) ; Klusoňová, Hana (advisor)
Michal Brož Young people's lifestyle Diplomová práce Univerzita Karlova v Praze Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci králové Studijní obor: Farmacie Background: - to define a situation in the area of using legal and illegal habit forming substances among students at the age from 16 to 20 years - to analyse the dependence of development of psychic problems on using habit forming drugs Methods: - questionnaire study: anonymous questionnaire (contains questions on smoking, alcohol, habit forming substance and the BSI form) - opened, closed and semi closed questions - 343 students (106 males, 2237 females) at the age 16 - 20 years (average age 18,58 year) - data analysed in SPSS for Windows, version 16.0 Results: Legal substances: - 57,4% of students have an experience with smoking tobacco - only 17,8% of respondents smoke regularly and only 8,7% smoke daily - 86,9% of students have an experience with drinking alcohol Illegal substance: - 39,7% have an experience with using illicit substance (47,2% male and 36,3% female) - the most frequently used drug is marijuana (32,7%), then hashish (13,7%), Cocaine (8,7%), sleeping pills (7,3%) and amphetamine and LSD - as the most dangerous substance are considered heroin, cocaine, ecstasy, LSD, methadone and amphetamine Psychical disorders: - a two-sided...
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Make a Connection - Expectations and Goals
Bromová, Martina ; Moree, Dana (advisor) ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (referee)
This master's thesis is concerned with the theory of setting goals, their implementation, management and assessment within the Czech NGOs both in the organizational theories and in the practice. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a comparative analysis of the organizational goals in the for-profit and the public sector, including the characteristics of the goals of non-profit sphere. Designed as a case study, the practical part of the thesis analysis setting, the application and achievement of the Make a Connection Programme goals, the programme administrated by NROS. It particularly pursues the question whether the programme goals are set according to the non-profit sector organizational theory and how they are applied to the practice.
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