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Evaluation of genotypic response of winter wheat production interventions
Bláha, Tomáš ; Faměra, Oldřich (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
Sources used in this thesis concerns the cultivation, the development and the growth of wheat and its recommendation for agro-ecological conditions such as requirements for the crop, influence of the agricultural technologies to underground parts, fertilization of wheat, the optimum sowing date and sowing depth. In the next part of literature search there is an information about response of winter wheat for chemical protection including treatment morforegulator of growth. The end of literature search deals with the composition of wheat grain and its potential influence to quality.
The methodological part is devoted to independent description of characteristics of the varieties which are included in experiment. Data for evaluation are based on literature published by ÚKZÚZ. This part summarizes the equipment used for conducting an experiment. Equipment consists machinery and laboratory equipment.
The experiment was located at two places - in Úhřetice near to Chrudim and in Krukanice near to Plzeň. Both places are valuated in the essay - description of altitude, soil type etc.
Evaluated results of experiments are at the end. The conclusion of my thesis is that more comfortable climate for growing wheat is in Úhřetice - the average yield is for almost 20 % higher than in Krukanice. Other conclusion is about late sowing date which reduces yield and about increasing number of antifungal treatment increases the yield. Each of the varieties are valuated in the next part and the best treatment options for them are recommended. One fungicide treatment is proposed resistance to disease (Bohemia, Seladon), dual fungicide treatment is recommended for the rest of varieties. Field evaluation of disease shows that intensity of the treatment must respond to the current situation (according to the year).
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Cascade gardens in public space
Vaculíková, Sylvie ; Vacek, Oldřich (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the issue of vertical gardens with a focus on the use of public space in the Czech Republic. It deals with the cultivation systems, cultivation conditions habitat requirements for the properties of plants and assortment of plants. The practical part includes the evaluation of the selected area in a public space and assessing existing conditions. Based on the results, drafted the vertical garden for the selected area.
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The influence of time in feed enrichment with unsaturated fatty acids to selected parameters of pig carcass value with regard to the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat
Pantoflíček, Jiří ; Čítek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Miloslav, Miloslav (referee)
The thesis aims to evaluate the impact of aliment with higher contents of unsaturated fatty acids, consumed for a different period of time, to utilitarian attributes of pigs before a slaughter, with respect to the composition of fatty acids in the intramuscular fat of tested animals.
The factors that influence the quality of meat are interior, exterior and technological. Among the qualitative markers of quality of meat we rank the share of meat and fat, acidification rate, color, viscosity, contents of intramuscular fat (marbling), smell, taste, juiciness and delicacy. Together with hygienic and nutritive attributes, consumers and processors consider these technological and sensory aspects to be the most important.
The ultimate goal of this thesis is to compare the impact of different length of feeding soy oil on parameters of pork meat quality and growth.
However, the interference of growth attributes was inconclusive and the test result came similar in different groups of tested pigs.
What was influenced by adding the soy oil into the feed is the fatty acids profile. The contents of fatty acids remained unchanged in every test group. Over time the content of monounsaturated fatty acids decreased. The most significant change occurred in representation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which increased in the test groups with longer period of feeding with enriched feed, mostly at the expense of monounsaturated fatty acids.
The differences between the test groups of pigs were statistically inconclusive; therefore the soy oil enrichment did not worsen the technological parameters of meat and fat quality.
The longer period of feeding the soy oil enriched feed led to significant increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids. According to the findings, adding the soy oil into the feed will have no effect at all if done short time before the slaughter.
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Use of Festuca arundinacea for decorative lawns
Doskočil, Jan ; Svobodová, Miluše (advisor) ; Hrevušová, Zuzana (referee)
Use of Festuca arundinacea for decorative lawns
Summary
Festuca arundinacea is briefly bentgrass with broader and coarser leaves. Hardly perennial grass, native to Europe, is well known for its high resistance of dry weather, low intensity of maintenance and resistance of high use. These qualities gains thanks to its well-developed and deep root system, which is capable to gain water and nutrients from deeper parts of soil. Its use is in places with high use, like a race-course, edges of roads or vineyards alleyway. Today, in time of global warming, its usage becomes more important for park purposes and low-input turfs, where is its higher resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses, mainly against drought, utilized. Festuca arundinacea complement well with Poa pratensis in turf.
Goal of this work was to evaluate turfs with Festuca arundinacea and chosen grass species under different mowing frequency. According to hypothesis frequency shouldn´t affect turf coverage. Coverage should be same with different mixture composition with Festuca arundinacea.
The experiment was performed on experimental land of Czech university of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol in 2015. Mixtures of Festuca arundinacea with Festuca rubra, Poa pratensis and Lolium perenne were seeded together with monocultures of these species in 2012. Mixture composition was 50/50 except mixture of Fesruca arundinacea and Poa pratensis, where the mixture was 75/25. There were conducted 63 plots, in 3 repetitions and in 3 different frequencies of mowing (by 14, 30 and 45 days). Each plot was 6 m2 big. The results were evaluated by analysis of variance ANOVA (P is smaller than 0.05) in program Statgraphics, version XV.
Influence of mixture composition to level of growth was significant. The highest level of growth has monoculture of Festuca arundinacea (10,6 cm). The lowest level of growth has monoculture of Lolium perenne (5,4 cm). Monoculture of Festuca arundinacea had the highest intensity of grow (0,07 cm/day) at 14-day frequency of moving. Lolium perenne has the lowest intensity of grow (0,02 cm/day). At 30-day frequency of mowing mixture of Festuca arundinacea with Poa pratensis has the highest intensity of grow (0,24 cm/day). The lowest intensity of grow has Lolium perenne (0,01 cm/day). The highest intensity of grow was at 45-day mowing frequency. The highest intensity of grow has mixture of Festuca arundinacea with Festuca rubra (0,75 cm/day). The lowest intensity of grow has monoculture of Lolium perenne (0,06 cm/day). Influence of mixture composition to coverage was statistically significant. The highest coverage has mixture of Festuca arundinace with Festuca rubra (81,3 %). The lowest coverage has monoculture of Lolium perenne (58,6%). Influence of frequency to level of growth was statistically significant. The highest level of growth has 45-day frequency of mowing (6 cm) and the lowest level of growth has 14-day frequency of mowing (3,8 cm). Influence of frequency to coverage was statistically significant. The highest coverage 14-day frequency of moving (76,5 %) and the lowest has 45-day frequency of growing (66,7 %).
The knowledge gained will be used for further compilation grass mixtures for park lawns. It turned out that it is better to prefer seeding mixtures with Festuca arundinacea than monocultures. To achieve high coverage and optimal intensity of growth with Festuca arundinacea was recommended to follow 30-day frequency of mowing.
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The machinery for open air space and building maintenance
Nováček, Jan ; Dvořák, František (advisor) ; Růžička, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis has mainly an analytical character and summarizes the results of an extensive survey of the market made by author. Its aim is to provide an overview of the machines mostly used for the maintenance of the free areas and objects and to briefly describe the activities and works performed by them. Further the machines for the maintenance of the airports surfaces, sporting grounds, green belts and objects are described.
First part of the thesis describes the analysis of the activities carried out during this maintenance, whereas in the second one the author pays attention to the typical examples of the machines and appliances used for this maintenance, to their technical parameters and use values. The third part deals with the assessment of the machines from various aspects, the procedures for an expert evaluation of the machines are designed and the expected trends of the future development outlined
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Analysis of biological features of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Med.
Schneebergerová, Tereza ; Hamouz, Pavel (advisor) ; Holec, Josef (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to determinate selected biological characteristics of shepherd´s-purse, which have impact on the establishment and expansion of its populations in field crops. In particular, development of primary dormancy was studied and the effect of factors that influence the dormancy and germination of seeds was determined.
Shepard´s purse is an annual or biennial herb of the cabbage family, which is classified as winter annual weeds. Primarily infest the winter and spring crops, rapeseeds, potatoes or forages. It appears from lowland to foothills, so biological features of individual population can be very different. The ways of control are shallow tillage or herbicidal treatment.
After harvesting of ripe seed the first experiment was set to define the primary dormancy. Remaining seeds were stored in two different types of environment. Part of seeds was stored in the dry at 20 °C. Others seeds were stratified at 5 °C. Effect of storage conditions on primary dormancy was tested every two weeks. Seeds were germinated for
1 week in grow chamber under the influence of various factors such as different light mode, type of water and type of media for germination.
The results were processed by multiple-factor analysis of variance. Fresh seeds showed a strong primary dormancy at constant temperatures of 10 °C and 20 °C. Treatment with fluctuating temperature (20/10 °C), filter paper, drinking water and stored in dark had the highest germination rate (10.75 %). Seeds stratified at 5 °C had increase in germination in first weeks, but lost it during storage. On the other hand, seeds stored in dry at 20 °C firstly were in dormancy, but they lost it gradually during storage.
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Evaluation of selected properties of mineral fibers-based board, including the design of suitable purposes of its application
Sýkora, Radim ; Böhm, Martin (advisor) ; Múčka, Martin (referee)
This thesis evaluates properties of board based on mineral fibers. In first part of the thesis is conducted analysis of the literature, where are described materials based on basalt fibers. Here is also explained production of basalt fiber and its practical applications. Sandwich materials and materials with great fire resistance based on wood are also looked into. Following part describes options of aplication of materials with great fire resistance and mechanical a physical properties of materials based on wood.
Second part of the thesis lays out methodical approach to individual performed mechanical and physical tests. Characteristic of examined material is included. The last part deals with test results, comparing results with other selected materials, debating results and proposing possible applications of examined basalt board. With use of found data is evaluated suitability of the material for use for construction of sandwich panel.
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Optical amplifier in laboratory practice
Šustr, Pavel ; Křepelka, Václav (referee) ; Filka, Miloslav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce to reader the application and use of optical EDFA amplifiers in optical transmission and to show wiring and practical test, including measurements on amplifier. The aim of this thesis is to propose the use of optical amplifier in laboratory practice for subject Optical networks. The thesis briefly introduces the problems of data transmissions through optical fibers with a focus on the use of optical amplifiers. The basic characteristic of optical transmission paths and the reasons for the use of optical amplifiers are described here. One entire chapter is devoted to distinction of optical amplifiers. Amplifiers can be divided according to location in the transmission path to the booster, in-line and pre-amplifiers and according to the used of amplifying technology to optical amplifiers with subsidies, semiconductor optical amplifiers and Raman optical amplifiers. The factors affecting the efficiency of optical amplifiers, such as noise and the level of saturated power are mentioned here too. The different types of optical amplifiers from the two producers are also described. From these amplifiers was chosen EDFA CzechLight Amplifier from Optokon to be used for the laboratory exercise in the subject of Optical networks. The use of EDFA optical amplifiers in optical transmission lines is mentioned here too. These amplifiers can be used in telecommunications transmission systems and for data transmission over long distances. They will find use in WDM transmission systems and cable TV distribution through the optical fiber to the end users. Practical measurements were performed on optical amplifier CLA-PB01F. In the transmission route was located attenuator and the dependence of output power to input signal power was measured. The amplification course was linear in the range of input values provided by the manufacturer. Laboratory exercise for the subject of Optical networks is aimed at preacquaintance of students with problems EDFA optical amplifiers and practical measurements with the optical amplifier CLA-PB01F. Students acquire basic theoretical knowledge of the issue and verify the functionality of optical amplifiers on a specific exercise. This work is destined for all who wish to get basic knowledge of optical amplifiers, their characteristics and possibilities of their use in optical transmission lines.
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Alternative energy concept of the new house
Kašková, Eva ; Malý, Michal (advisor) ; Kateřina, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis "Alternative energy concept of the new house" deals with securing energy house, including its heating and hot water. In the theoretical part they are evaluated climatic and geological conditions of land for building a house in relation to the use of energy from renewable sources. Further requirements are set for construction materials of the house. This section also defines the concepts of renewable energy resources and their use.
The practical part is devoted to a particular family home. Captures the structural description of the object, evaluate specific site for the house and provides the energy characteristics of the house. Elaborated proposals for alternative energy concepts family house using renewable energy forms Jard work. The proposed variants are evaluated in terms of economic efficiency and return on investment. Through the methods of multi-criteria decision is made selecting the most optimal variant. In the last chapter of the practical part are evaluated the results and the investor is to ensure thermal comfort and water heating in new family house advised to invest in a heat pump air / water.
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Morphometric analyse of Vinca minor populations in the CZU university collection
Závorková, Hana ; Karlík, Petr (advisor) ; Černý, Tomáš (referee)
Lesser periwinkle (Vinca minor) is pretty common, perennial and woody plant, for centuries disseminated for her aesthetic and medicinal use. The aim of this thesis is to try to identify, if individual subjects disseminated throughout the Czech Republic may come from one or more sources or clones. It was collected a total of 135 individuals throughout the Czech Republic, and these individuals were grown for several years in uniform climatic conditions in campus of the Czech Agricultural University in Prague. For these plants were then performed a morphological measurements and statistical evaluation was performed by programs Statistica12 and Canoco5. From data obtained this way was revealed that the morphological features of individual plants are dependent on the type of site, and therefore it is clear that individuals grown on historically verifiable sites probably originate from one or several clones. Another aim of this work is to determine whether the periwinkle occurring in the Czech Republic differ in their morphological and physiological characteristics such as stem length, length and width of leaf, petiole length, number of nodes on the flowering stem and the ratio length / width of the leaf. The results implies the fact that individuals differ in morphological features depending on the location of their occurrence, such as parks, churches, cemeteries and forests. The results further shows to us that location no. 2 differs significantly from the other locations in the length of the stem, leaf length, number of nodes and in the ratio length / width of the leaf. This is confirmed by the results of the program as Statistica12 and the results of the program Canoco5.
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