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Symbiosis as a model for a new biology
Lhotský, Josef ; Markoš, Anton (advisor) ; Černý, Robert (referee)
Contemporary biology belongs among the most diversified sciences; yet one of its most fundamental and controversial questions is surprisingly: "What is life?". The aim of this study is to point out that biology is special among other natural sciences because its need of the notion of meaning. Meaning takes the central position in the biological rea-soning. Compared to other sciences, biology has to reflect the dimension of information and its interpretation: language-like properties, communication and interpretation belong to the basic characteristics of life. In spite of the fact, most contemporary theories of evo-lution deny active participation of living beings on the very process - living being come out of its description as puppets or zombies controlled by external forces. As a remedy from such a situation, biology should start with a new model for living entities. A bene-ficial methapor seems to be that of natural languages, i.e. an analogy between a net of historical interactions and conventional ways of interpretation of meaning in (i) living entities and (ii) in system of natural languages. I consider as the most appropriate biolo-gical systems for modeling of such a network of symbiotic interactions, i. e. the pheno-menon of symbiosis and especially symbiogenesis. Keywords: life,...
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Chemical constituents of stems and leaves of Vaccinium myrtillus
Hybelbauerová, Simona ; Koutek, Bohumír (advisor) ; Klinot, Jiří (referee) ; Potáček, Milan (referee) ; Šmidrkal, Jan (referee)
1. Introduction The study of natural compounds is a tÍaditional part of organic chemistry with rich history. The development of the isolation methods like chromatography and spectral methods enables studying of these compounds in viable organisms more in detail. The new techniques for very fast assesment ofbiological activity allow targeted searching for biological active compounds. The extract from plants is only roughly sepaÍated and the biological activity is meassured often against many viruses, microorganisms and types of cancer. The fractions with interesting results are searched further until the compounds responsible for the biological activity are found. Because of the high content of anthocyanines and flavonoids in fruits of Vaccinium myrtillus, there is a big interest in the study ofthese compounds and study of their effect on human health. The extracts not only from the fruits but also from the leaves are part of folk medicine and classic health care in treatment of the inflammatory diseases. The biological activity ofthe extracts is caused not only by flavonoids but also by isoprenoid compounds such as oleanolic acid, which is often talked about without any scientific proof. Publications involving natural compounds are usually only about one type of compounds - anthocyanines, flavonoids,...
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Are people more altruistic, if their decisions are public?
Bartůněk, Martin ; Chytilová, Helena (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This paper deals with the differences of altruism in the frameworks of different anonymity of decision. The hypothesis of this paper claims that human behaviour is more altruistic in the case that it is not anonymous. In order to prove this hypothesis we carried out a two-round experiment (single blind and non-blind) based on an experimental design of dictator game. Students of Špitálská grammar school in Prague were used as the examined subjects. Each of the dictators had to divide money for more than one recipient. In the first round (single blind) the dictators kept for themselves 29,1% on average of the sum to be divided. In the second round (non-blind) they kept only 26,3%. The results of the experiment support the hypothesis of the influence of anonymous decisions on altruism. Which means that altruism increases along with the decreasing degree of anonymity. However, the results of this paper can be limited, because of the insufficient size of the examined sample.
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The optimization of hospital attendants' staff in selected departments of Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s.
SMOLKA, Jakub
Optimization of the number of nursing staff at selected workplaces of the České Budějovice Hospital As the title shows determination of the optimum number of non-physician health care staff members at surgical departments of České Budějovice Hospital is the main question this thesis deals with. The topic is up-to-date mainly for the lack of funds in health care and for the permanent pressure from the general public on the need of health care quality improvement. The works of Karla and Otakar Pochylý, who published their first book dealing with these issues in 1999, were the basic inputs for the research part of the thesis. We set the following hypotheses before commencement of the research: 1 ? The numbers of nursing staff at standard health care units are in line with K. Pochylá?s methodology. This hypothesis was partly confirmed. The average numbers of nursing staff workloads are in line with K. Pochylá?s methodology at two surgical departments only. 2 ? Qualification representation of nursing staff at the individual health care units complies with the recommended methodology of K. Pochylá. This hypothesis was not confirmed. Representation of the nursing staff qualifications is based on the individual needs of the particular departments. 3 ? The number of nursing staff members at the intensive care unit corresponds with the recommended methodology of K. Pochylá. This hypothesis was not confirmed. The number of nurses is lower by 2.23 in average at the intensive care unit. The content of the work has more informative character and should actually serve as an insight into the existing situation at the particular departments. It might also serve as a guide helping top managers with efficient utilization of human resources in health care facilities. This is why the results will be provided to the surgical department management of the České Budějovice Hospital.
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Creating the star in the media
Rábová, Tereza ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor)
Práce se zabývá tématem ustavování hvězd v médiích a ikonizace a adorace populárních osobností různých oblastí lidské činnosti. Zasazuje ho do širšího společenského a kulturního kontextu, zároveň hledá příčiny pozorovaného chování v principech platných pro dnešní dobu, kterou také stručně charakterizuje. Stanovuje okruh důvodů (mezi něž patří podněty psychologické, společenské, ale i biologické), z kterých jsou publika hvězdnými osobnostmi přitahována a podporují jejich vznik, popř. ovlivňují jejich další vývoj. Dále se věnuje obecným charakteristikám populárních osobností, profesi "hvězdy", příslušným teoriím o celebritách, definuje různé způsoby přístupu elitním osobnostem ze strany masové veřejnosti. Popisuje přístup médií prezentaci hvězd. Následuje přehled možného dělení jednotlivých typů hvězd (hlediska profesní, časová, místní atd.). Další část práce obsahuje pragmatickou analýzu mediálních produktů, věnujících se dané tematice, tedy rozbory prostředků, jimiž média docilují požadovaného efektu vzniku populární hvězdy (zahrnuje mj. podstatu bulvárního tisku, práci novináře, typy tiskovin a pořadů, analýzu jazykových prostředků). Závěrečná část zkoumá a konstatuje souvislost oblasti hvězd s náboženskými motivy, a to jak z hlediska lingvistického, tak z pozic chování a jednání publik. Vyvozuje závěry...
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The aristocratic clothing of the Rudolphine Prague
ŠINDELÁŘ, Jakub
This bachelor's thesis deals about clothing of aristocratic citizens of rudolphine Prague. The question, which author wants to answer is: How was the nobility in this era dressed up? Because Prague was very cosmopolitan for government of Rudolf II., we can find there more specific styles of clothing. The opening chapter tells about the image of rudolphine Prague as itself. Next chapter contains a description of the fabrics, especially the most prized ones. Incoming chapters tells knowledge's about the most used fashion ways, then spanish and german style, and shows their differences against the another fashion styles worn in other European areas. Following part is discovering some details about the important fashion pendants, for example the suspension of rapier or the shape of underwear. The work continues by another different chapter, describing a few less known portraits, including unusual fashion elements or non - typical specialties for this period. There is also a part, telling about the famous persons, who could bring different fashion elements to the Prague. At the end, there is a chapter, in which author deals with the clothing, as the factor of criminality in everyday life.
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Smysluplnost povinné recyklace odpadů
Kurková, Lenka ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee)
Bakalářská práce řeší problém povinné recyklace odpadů. Příčinou tohoto problému je nařízení třídění odpadů Evropskou unií a následně zákonem o odpadech č. 185/2001 Sb. a zákonem o obalech č. 477/2001 Sb.. Hlavní otázka je, zda recyklovat či nikoliv. V teoretické části jsou vysvětleny některé ekonomické pojmy a teorie, například externality nebo vzácnost zdrojů, a legislativa, která se zabývá odpady. V praktické části je představena případová studie nakládání s odpadem Statutárního města Mostu. Lze zde najít popis celé cesty, kterou musí odpad absolvovat, než se dostane jako nový produkt ke konečnému spotřebiteli. Snaha byla i o zhodnocení zájmu obce o využívání odpadů a nástroje k její motivaci.
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The traditional elements of the Dutch landscaping in the painting of Roelandt Savery
BUREŠOVÁ, Šárka
This thesis deals with the personalities of the Dutch artist Roelandt Savery. At first the thesis is dedicated to place his work into the historical and artistic context. This section presents a painterly tradition from which the Dutch landscape production derives at Savery´s period. Next the personality of Roelandt Savery is illuminated. This part deals with the artist's life and his complete work. Subsequently this part expands into the introduction of art personalities who influenced the Savery´s work. In addition to direct artistic influences I also devoted the thesis to the religious component of his work. It is exposed on particular examples.
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Care of employes
KADLECOVÁ, Veronika
Aim of this thesis is to plot employee care in organizations and companies, that have a seat in Pelhřimov district. The thesis deals with employee relationships and employee care, where participate working hours and work regime, work enviroment, personal development of employees, services provided to employees by employer, employee benefits, work safety and protection of their health and their motivation and stimulation as well. The first step during processing of this thesis was studying the special literature; making of questionaries was directly connected with it. The questionary was essintial for following survey and the survey took four months. Then, acquired information were processed and incuded into graphs and charts and annotated. The result of the thesis is an undestandable picture of employee care in Pelhřimov district and discovery of the greatest problems and the most problematic branches of the national economy.
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