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The comparison of chronic wound treatment in general physician's practice and in surgical outpatient treatment
ŠUPLEROVÁ, Michaela
Current state: The treatment of chronic wounds is a complex process which is applied in the form of different interventions by nurses in the general practitioner's office for adults and nurses from the surgical outpatient clinic. The treatment is influenced by different equipment used in particular offices, by the presence or absence of the interest in implementing modern methods and, of course, by poor participation of health insurance companies as regards the problem in question. The treatment of chronic wounds should be accomplished by completing all the phases of the nursing process. It is necessary to seek for motivation towards further education in this field. Pursuing moist wound healing is mostly cheaper as it makes the treatment shorter, which leads to patient's satisfaction. Objectives: The objective of the thesis was to evaluate the nursing process applied during the treatment of chronic wounds in the general practitioner's office for adults and the surgical outpatient clinic, as well as observe the influence of education on the nurse's professional performance regarding this treatment. The research included the analysis of the competencies of nurses in the treatment of chronic wounds and the treatment methods chosen by the nurses to benefit the patient. Last but not least, we observed the circumstances of the admission of a nurse specialist as a GP's partner for chronic wounds treatment, and the obstacles to moist wound healing implementation in the GP's office for adults and the surgical outpatient clinic. Methods: To compare the treatment of chronic wounds in the general practitioner's office for adults and the surgical outpatient department we carried out qualitative research investigation. Data collection was based on in-depth interview with prepared open questions. The interviews were recorded by voice recorder, transcribed literally and subsequently analysed. When analysing the transcripts, we used the method of open coding, by the technique "pencil and paper". The text of the dialogues was reduced and segmented into individual codes. On the basis of similarity, the codes were classified in analytical units. The categories were classified into schemes by means of SmartArt programme in Microsoft Office Word. The results were interpreted with the use of the open cards technique. The first group of respondents consisted of nurses from a practitioner's office for adults and a private surgical outpatient department. The other group comprised practitioners for adults and surgeons treating outpatients. Research sample: The research sample consisted of 12 respondents from three medical facilities in České Budějovice. In the first set there were three nurses working in the practitioner's office for adults and three nurses working in the surgical outpatient department. The second set comprised three women MDs for adults, two surgeons treating outpatiens and a woman surgeon. The intentional selection was dependent on respondents' willingness to participate in the research and it ceased when the state of theoretical saturation was reached. Results: The research investigation showed that modern moist healing of chronic wounds is mostly implemented in the offices of practitioners rather than in surgical outpatient clinics. The surgical department is aseptic and they want to minimize the risk of possible infection. Apart from moist healing the surgeons use other modern healing methods such as laser biostimulation, biostimulatory polarized light and instrument-aided lymphatic drainage. The education of the nurses involved in chronic wounds treatment is not provided within academic courses. Just two nurses completed university education whereas the other nurses get acquainted with current information at commercial presentations provided by pharmaceutical representatives. These nurses lack the capability of objective assessment of basic and specific parameters of the wounds and of subsequent treatment.
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Social Work with a Family in the Reaction to Changes of Forms of Partner Relationships
BUDKOVÁ, Kateřina
This research focuses on issues of alternative coexistence of families, which structure differs from the one of a traditional family. An example of the traditional family structure is a married couple with their own or adopted children; as opposed to cohabitation, singles, or parenting without a partner. The goal of this work is to identify the reasons for an alternative family structure. Moreover, why do people choose to live in a non-marital status, single, and parenting without a partner? Individuals living in the alternative family structure were chosen for this study. Data were collected by using qualitative phenomenological method of research. A phenomenon of the new alternative family structure was being researched, and the goal was to identify the reasons that lead to the chosen alternatives of family and marriage. A semi-structured interview technique was used to collect data along with a method called "snowball" strategy. The goal of the research was to answer the main question: What are the reasons that lead to alternative forms of family life? The research showed several possible causes of why, in today's modern society, people choose marriage less and are not interested in traditional ways of family living, but prefer other forms of coexistence. This work can be used as a base for future research of this issue. The data could show how nowadays families live in a modern society.
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Hierarchy of Aims in Life in Czech Population
Červenka, Jan
November survey of CVVM asked a question related to hierarchy of aims in life. According to the results most preferred aims are related to family values and personal relations, which were represented by items like "to have steady partner" or "to have children".
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Depozice uhlíkových nanotrubek metodou depozice z plynné fáze s asistencí plazmatu
Jašek, O. ; Eliáš, M. ; Zajíčková, L. ; Kučerová, Z. ; Kudrle, V. ; Matějková, Jiřina ; Rek, Antonín ; Buršík, Jiří
Carbon nanotube properties provoked interest in many fields of application but there is still need to develop deposition techniques, which enable precise control of nanotubes positioning, alignment and properties. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods and lately also plasma enhanced CVD (PECVD) are most promising to reach this goal. In the first part of the article we will briefly describe carbon nanotubes structure and properties and review the necessary conditions and possible control mechanisms used in PECVD deposition method. In the second part, examples of two deposition techniques, one working at a low pressure and one at an atmospheric pressure, will be described and reached results analyzed.
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Česká zahraniční politika: lidská práva, nebo ekonomické zájmy?
Brichová, Eva ; Ducháčková, Michaela ; Juránek, Vilém ; Klincová, Lucia ; Svobodová, Petra ; Šťastný, Kryštof ; Tetřev, Matti
Podpořit potlačované aktivisty za lidská práva nebo se raději „dívat jinam“ v obavách, že klesne obchodní bilance s danou zemí? Tak by se asi daly obecně charakterizovat dva proti sobě stojící názorové tábory. Zástupci jedné strany kladou důraz na dodržování základních práv a svobod za každou cenu a bojují proti všemožným formám totalitních režimů, druzí hájí národní suverenitu a raději by se do vnitřních záležitostí obchodních partnerů nevměšovali. Česká zahraniční politika je podobně rozpolcená. Mnohdy tak dává vzniknout trapným situacím, kdy její představitelé, neschopni domluvit se na jedné názorové linii, stojí každý na jiné straně názorového spektra. Nepodílet se na obchodu se zeměmi s výrazným potenciálem růstu by z ekonomického pohledu nebylo moudré. Na druhou stranu, Česká republika jako signatář mnoha závazných mezinárodních smluv chránících lidská práva a svobody nemůže přehlížet často do očí bijící porušování lidských práv tamních obyvatel. K podobným debatám dochází i u našich sousedů. Například Polsko se jasně staví za podporu běloruských aktivistů bojujících proti režimu Alexandra Lukašenko. Slovensk oproti tomu svým silně „proruským“ postojem prosazuje ekonomické zájmy jako prioritní oblast své zahraniční politiky. Česká veřejnost se vyslovuje pro podporu lidských práv nad ekonomickými zájmy. Znamená to, že jsme se posunuli do tzv. postmaterialistické společnosti, společnosti pro níž nehraje prim pouze pragmatická politika?
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Regulation of retailer-supplier relatiohships within the food chain
Mokrejšová, Veronika ; Zadražilová, Dana (advisor) ; Klosová, Anna (referee) ; Zeman, Jiří (referee) ; Vyhnálek, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with retailer-supplier relationships within the food chain, and with possibilities of their regulation. The aim is to assess the effect of regulation of retailer-supplier relationship, through "Act on Significant Market Power and Abuse thereof" on particular food chain members, and eventually to propose an alternative solution of their regulation. The thesis states the following hypothesis: The Act on Significant Market Power does not change bargaining power between suppliers and retailers. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first of those defines the issue of retailer-supplier relationship, especially the so called "unfair practices". The mind-set of the European Commission which judges the unfairness of a practice, according to its impact on consumer, investment and competition is stressed. When comparing market shares and profit abilities, it is obvious that supplier sector is not disadvantaged in relation to retailing, however, there are cases of small and medium enterprises over which retailers can impose their bargaining power. Retroactive changes and excessive risk transfer on a business partner are then indicated as unfair, which is confirmed by microeconomic analysis. The second part maps means of regulation, through hard and soft law in the EU and its member states with focus on the Czech Republic, where the Act No. 395/2009 Coll., on Significant Market Power in the Sale of Agricultural and Food Products and Abuse thereof is applied. It is found that regulation within the EU is heterogeneous and the results of different regulatory mechanism in different countries differ. The third part talks about self-regulatory possibilities constituted by corporate social responsibility. The main solution of retailer-supplier relationships is represented by stakeholder dialogue, in which contractual parties look for the basis of their antagonistic positions (which are hidden in their interests and needs), and try to identify mutual needs and to create shared value. This approach increases the created value, which is advantageous for both partners, instead of redistributing the value to the benefit of the stronger partner. The fourth part presents the results of a survey conducted among retailers, retailer suppliers and farmers, their opinions about the Act on Significant Market Power, about changes caused by this Act and about particular unfair practices. It was realised that the Act does not help the suppliers very much, in that the bargaining position was improved only with a tiny part of the respondents, and the Act even did not fulfil the role of small and medium sized enterprises protection. The everyday practice of retailer-supplier relationships remains (after changing few legal formulations in the contracts) almost the same as it was before the Act came into force. The only considerable change is shortening the payment period to 30 days; however, there are suppliers that are not content about this provision. The farmers do not feel any consequences of the Act; retailers regard it as business barrier and excessive regulation. Thus, this part confirms the hypothesis. The final part of the thesis proposes a solution to this issue by engaging many stakeholders: the business partners (self-regulation), the State (regulation through general universal act), consumers, non-governmental organisations and media (generating demand for responsible behaviour of firms).
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Employment support services for women after maternity leave.
CHMELAŘOVÁ, Michaela
Women re-entering the labour market after parental leave represent one of the most vulnerable groups in the labour market. During parental leave, women frequently lose contact with their original employment. Depending on the length of parental leave, they fail, or have limited opportunities to develop their labour skills and knowledge. It happens very often, that they lose their jobs and face a very difficult life situation as they must find a new job after the termination of parental leave. This issue has been dealt with since 2004 at the regional level following the introduction of Act No. 435/2004 Coll., on employment, within the Active Employment Policy. Motivating or requalification programs focusing on this group represent an appropriate solution to this social problem. The situation of women returning to the labour market after parental leave is also the subject of the presented master thesis. The theoretical part contains historical review and describes the actual situation using an analysis of two regions and local services supporting the re-integration of women after their parental leave. The objective of the practical part is to identify key motivations for women taking part in the supporting programs during or after parental leave.
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Philosophy between University and Universality
Boháček, Kryštof
The article deals with the question of the future of Europe in the era of globalization. The starting points are university as the last common respected classical european institution, and the topical problem of increasing differentiation of faculties and specialisation, which leads to loss of the unique humanist ethos of european knowledge. Without any unifying philosophical idea university will be transformed either to some training center or a research institute.
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Homelessness - solving of the phenomenon in the context of residential services
ŠPERLOVÁ, Markéta
Homeless people create a specific subculture in our society. It's a matter of a negative phenomenon of which the society has a poor opinion coming often from a lack of information. There is a lot of ways helping to find solutions to this problem, in these days. First of all, in this bachelor's work, the terms of the subject are clarified, as well as the history and the general characteristics of homelessness. This work contains the current legislation and some chosen statistics indicators. It proposes possible solutions of homelessness in the Czech Republic, especially in the capital. Projects, conceptions and plans are mentioned as well as the systems of helping focusing on integration, independence and residential services. A list of some active organizations involved in helping this problem is included. The conclusion of the theoretical part is dedicated to the Salvation Army. After the theory comes the practical part. The branch of the Salvation Army named Centre of Social Services of Bohuslav Bures is presented here. It is the place, where my practical quest was done. The purpose of this quest was to figure out if the social and residential services of the Centre of Social Services of Bohuslav Bures are sufficient to allow their adepts to integrate completely to the ordinary society. The information is provided from the users of the asylum themselves. The investigation covers up the services of the centre that should respond to the real needs of its users. The chosen situations of particular people from my quest were considered from an angle of a larger scale of time. Questions were based on the indicators of the past, the present and the future. In order to get information I chose the method of qualified approach and the study of particular cases. A partly structured dialogue was the main technique in which seven clients engaged. We first defined the problem to deal with. It was the effectiveness and the influence of provided services in the asylum. Then we specified the main question and other partial questions of the inquiry. Obtained data was noted, analysed and interpreted in order to provide an answer to the questions of the inquiry. The practical part carries a record of a dialogue with one of the social workers of the Salvation Army Centre of Social Services of Bohuslav Bures provided for my quest as a part of it. The quest showed the asylum thanks to the extent of its services enables homeless people to integrate back into our society. Some other recommendations were stated. The goal of the quest was achieved.
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