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Obnova funkce krajiny narušené povrchovou těžbou: Sokolovská pánev. Ekosystémy pánevních oblastí
Výzkumný ústav vodohospodářský T.G.M., Praha ; R-Princip Most s.r.o., Most ; RNDr. Pavel Trpák ; LARECO, Říčany ; Ing. Jan Sixta, CSc. ; ENKI, o.p.s., Most ; ENVI, s.r.o., Třeboň ; Přikryl, Petr ; Vlasák, Petr
Ve zprávě je uvedeno zhodnocení dosavadní dokumentace vztahující se k území a určité zobecnění devítiletých zkušeností s tvorbou biologicky hodnotných území v oblasti dotčené těžbou. Mapově je zpracována potenciální vegetace pro pět velkých výsypek v sokolovské pánvi včetně zdůvodnění přístupu použitého při mapování. Rozpracováno je detailní (vzorové) řešení 5 modelových území, respektující jejich potenciální další využití tak, aby nedocházelo k rozporům se zájmy ochrany přírody. V přílohách je doložen výskyt řady ohrožených druhů v důlních územích ještě před provedením rekultivací, který by měl být v projektech rekultivací respektován. provedené chemické rozbory dokumentují, že optimální oživení mokřadů a vodních nádrží není podmíněno vždy dosažením co nejkvalitnější vody a naopak, že některé ukazatele kvality vody se u těchto dvou cílů i významně rozcházejí.
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Supporting the relatives when giving a farewell to the deceased
BELLOVÁ, Daniela
Our research dealt with the support for the relatives in their final goodbyes to the deceased. We set ourselves two goals for our work upon the information obtained. The first one was to find out to what extent relatives are enabled to stay at the bed of a dying and deceased person in a hospital. The other goal was to make clear in what manners the final goodbyes are arranged in a hospital. Six research questions were then set: To what extent are relatives enabled to stay at the bed of a dying and deceased person in a hospital? In what setting are relatives given the information on the death? How are patient's belongings handed over to the survivors? How are the final goodbyes to the deceased arranged? How does the hospital staff care about the bereaved? And to what extent are the relatives enabled to speak to a priest or a psychologist? We chose a qualitative research method based on a semi structured interview for the research. The research was held in the České Budějovice Hospital and in the Písek Hospital at the LTC and Anaesthetic departments. 16 nurses participated on the interviews altogether. We found from the performed interviews that nurses allow relatives to stay at the bed of a dying person. They stressed the importance of an agreement and the respect to the run of the department. We also found out that the message of a client's death is usually communicated on the phone. A subsequent talk between a physician and the relatives is only held upon request of the relatives, mostly in the privacy of an office or a surgery. The handover of the belongings by a nurse is not so often held in privacy. The nurse first expresses her sympathy to the relatives after their arrival, then the handover of the belongings against an ID follows, they are checked and formalities are arranged. The only support provided at the handover of the belongings was in the form of reference to a priest or a physician. The handover of the belongings thus resembles a routine where only a minimum of the nurses care of sensitive communication and empathy. The replies of the nurses from the LTC and the Anaesthetic departments differed in the issue of the final goodbyes. At the Anaesthetic department the relatives always have the possibility of the final goodbyes. The final goodbyes are automatically allowed to the family of an organ donor. At the LTC, on the other hand, the bereaved must show active interest in the last goodbyes, which are allowed to them at a room or in a department bathroom. Although there is a final goodbye room at the pathology department of the Písek Hospital, most of the nurses did not know about this possibility or just were not sure. Another situation is in the case of death at presence of the family. In such an instance the relatives may stay at the bed how long they need. Nevertheless, the care focused directly on the client's family was what we missed about the nurses. A rare opinion was that some nurses mentioned a direct form of support, some do realize its absence and would appreciate an improvement, however the rest of the nurses do not consider a direct support for the family necessary or they do not perceive its absence. A priest was the most frequently mentioned profession. Nurses actively offer his services to clients and their families. Cooperation with a hospital priest and the possibility to visit the Space of Silence are very popular in Písek. Contracted priests, who were also praised by most of the nurses, visit the hospital in České Budějovice. There were however two remarks in this relation, that the hospital should have its priest and also a chapel. Cooperation with a hospital psychologist was only mentioned in two cases. A feedback for the head nurses of the named hospitals will be the output of the thesis. The purpose of the work is to offer and to the strengthen support to families and give them the opportunity to say their final goodbyes.
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Experience with the realization of the prevention on primary schools.
SVĚTLÁ, Andrea
The Diploma thesis is focused on experience with the realization of the prevention on primary schools. The aim of my thesis was to find out, if the schools engage in prevention activity and how the realization and efficacy looks like. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part is theoretical and the second is research. In the first chapter of the theoretical part I dealt with risk behaviour, I briefly described its particular forms. In the second chapter of the theoretical part I focused on the content of the word prevention, primary prevention in curricular documents and scholar primary prevention. In the second section of the thesis, which is the practical part, I have collected information and opinions of different subjects on realization preventive programs at school. I compared the results of the research of two grammar schools. The first type of the collection of data was questionnaire research qualitative research. The date we have gained provided us the information about the opinions of the efficacy of preventive programs from the point of view of the pupils. The second type of collected data was an interview with the Methodist of the prevention. This information show us a different point of view on risk behaviour, its prevention and efficacy of the realization primary prevention activity.
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The nurse's role of educating patient with hypertension disease.
HEJNOVÁ, Iveta
The present bachelor thesis called "The Role of a Nurse in the Educational Process Aimed at a Patient with Hypertension" deals with the issue of high blood pressure with stress on the education provided by a nurse, which is a really current topic at present. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first, theoretical part we focused on the facts known from theoretical literature about the issue of high blood pressure, nonpharmacological treatment and educational activity. We deal with the characteristics of hypertension, blood pressure measurement methods in nursing care, the risk factors, symptoms, the treatment of the disease, complications and the nursing care of a hypertonic patient. We also deal with the treatment model according to Henderson, which is applied in cardiology. We also mention the Centre of Prevention of Civilisation Diseases in České Budějovice, The second part deals with an empiric research performed in 2015 and 2016, its course and its results. The main goal of the research was to reveal the phenomena in the field of education for patients with the diagnosis of hypertension in relation to a change of the lifestyle. The research was performed in a hospital and in offices of general practitioner in South Bohemia Region. After setting the main goal we set the intellectual, practical and personnel goals. On the base of the set goals we prepared five research questions, on which further questions used in interviews with respondents were based. A semi-structured interview consisting of basic and supplementary questions was applied to the research. The supplementary questions were asked when necessary during the interviews with the respondents. The research sample consists of two groups of respondents. Nurses from two types of workplaces from a cardiology department and offices of general practitioners formed the first group. The second group consisted of patients with diagnosed hypertension from the cardiology department and from offices of general practitioners. The research was originally going to continue in a cardiology outpatient department but this plan was abandoned upon recommendation of the head nurse. Despite of this fact we are convinced that the overall results of the research provide important knowledge of the examined phenomenon. We focused on implementation of the educational process from the points of view of a nurse and a patient. The nurses admit that no educational process is in place in most cases. Lack of time and lack of interest among patients are important factors affecting this process from their point of view. The research among the respondents has shown that no education was provided in most of the cases. There was another finding that nurses show competence in nonpharmacological treatment for hypertension, which they only pass to their patient insufficiently or not at all. Patients assess the educational process as insufficient. Most of the patients think that a doctor should provide information on nonpharmacological treatment. A nurse should repeat and extend the information according to the patients. The respondents thus did not expect a nurse to provide them with information within the diagnostic. Some patient see the reason in the time limited contact with a nurse. We are thus convinced that reduction of the number of patients per a nurse at a cardiology department is one of the possible solutions. As for general practitioners reduction of the number of patients per a physician and thus per a nurse would be appropriate. This solution is not feasible nowadays when there is lack of qualified healthcare staff in the CR. Lack of time is one of the substantial factors affecting an effective educational process in our opinion. We believe that this thesis will contribute not only to the author's future career, but also to all the readers of the thesis. It also opens the space for a larger and more detailed research to the facts herein revealed.
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Evaluation of the fire safety in the rack storage in Vysočina Region
SUK, Martin
The aim of this Bachelor's thesis titled Evaluation of Fire Safety of Rack Warehouses in Region Vysočina is to evaluate the protection of rack warehouses in region Vysočina, compare the existing situation with legislation and technical regulations, and draft measures for successful suppression of fire in a rack warehouse for a firefighting crew commander. The thesis is divided into two main parts, the theoretical part and the effective part. This thesis also contains another part, where there were outlined two research questions and introduced the research methodology, which describes the procedure of obtaining results. In the theoretical part, there is a brief outline of the history of storage and its development. There are also explained main terms related to warehouses and storage, and there is also mentioned the basic division of warehouses. Furthermore, there is also described the burning process, course of fire and its particular stages. Last chapters of the theoretical part are dedicated to fire safety and applicable regulations, description and function of fire safety equipment, that are installed in warehouses chosen for assessment. Warehouses assessed in this work were selected intentionally and according to predetermined criteria, like for example rack storage of material, area, height and installed fire safety protection equipment. In this thesis, there can be found elaboration of the assessment of five rack warehouses in region Vysočina, which meet the conditions mentioned above, and which also provided detailed information. Results of this research are divided into two parts, when each part brought an answer to one important question. In the first part, there are stated results of guided interviews with professionals in the field of warehouse design, which provided answers to one of the research questions, and that was whether rack warehouses in region Vysočina were protected against occurance of fire in accordance with valid legislation and technical regulations. This comparison simultaneously represented one of the aims of this thesis. After the evaluation of obtained information, we can say that the researched warehouses are protected against the occurance of fire with the sufficient and appropriate means, and we can even consider some fire safety elements to be oversized. While processing guided interviews with commanders and chiefs of the squads located at firefighting brigade stations in region Vysočina, it was possible to answer the second research question outlined in the resulting effective part of this Bachelor's thesis. According to the results of the research, the firefighting brigade chiefs do not have enough information from warehouse owners to fight the fire successfully. From 24 interviewed crew commanders and chiefs, 15 consider provided information insufficient. As a complication while fighting the fire, they mention confusing state of operational cards, and also the fact the the information stated in these cards are not adjusted regularly. In the case of fire emergency, in a very short time, the firefighting brigade has to orientate in a large amount of information that are not stated in the operational card. This card is very voluminous and becomes confusing. While firefighting, the presence of the contact person is always important. On the basis of all information obtained during guided interviews with crew commanders and chiefs, there was created a methodological tool, so one of the objectives of this thesis, to help the crew commanders to make firefighting easier, was fulfilled. This tool will be offered to complete the firefighting documentation for the fire brigade stations in the region that cooperated during the process of obtaining data for this Bachelor's thesis. In this methodological tool, there is implemented a brief and synoptical list of all information that are, on the basis of the research, crucial for crew commander's decision making while firefighting.
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Current issues of crime committed against young people
LEVÁ, Dominika
The bachelor thesis on a topic ?Current issues of crime committed against young people? deals in its theoretical part with basic information about the problems of crime. It explains psychological and legal standpoints to a concept of the youth, it describes international documents related to the issue and analyses perpetrators of these crimes. With regard to the aim of the thesis, it carries out an analysis of the new criminal law protection of young people effective from January 1st, 2010 with a brief comparison of a previous legislation and possible solutions (help to victims). The empirical part of the bachelor thesis contains objectives, hypotheses, a research method and characteristics of the research sample. The data collection was carried out by a method of a quantitative research using a questionnaire survey consisted of 15 questions. The research sample consisted of pupils from 6th to 9th classes (young people aged 11 ? 15 years) at two elementary schools in the district of Český Krumlov (Elementary School Velešín and Elementary School Linecká). The aim of the practical part was to find out in which representation men and women commit crimes against the young people, whether a victim knows an attacker or he/she is a very stranger. The research showed that among the perpetrators of crime committed against the young people the male population outweighs the female population. The perpetrator is in most attacks of an approximate age or from a close social environment of the victim. The bachelor thesis can be used as an informational material for school counsellors, parents and teachers of elementary and secondary schools.
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Analysis of the Situation of CHildren Aged 0-6 Years Growing up in Residentional Homes in the Region Vysočina
FÁROVÁ, Jana
In the Czech Republic, about one per cent of children grow up outside their own families, mainly children under the age of three. For this reason the Czech Republic has lately received several important challenges concerning a fundamental reform of the children at risk care system. The aim of my thesis was to carry out an analysis of the development and changes in the comprehensive care and in the situation of the children in the Children?s Centre Jihlava and in the Children?s Home Kamenice nad Lipou in the years 2005, 2010 and 2011 in chosen aspects. The research was focused on changes over time in the situation of concrete children?s homes, further on the changes in the provided care depending on the children?s characteristics and specific needs, and finally on the changes in the cooperation with the biological families and in the circumstances how the stay of children is terminated. To achieve these goals of my thesis, a secondary data analysis and SWOT analysis was carried out. Two files were analysed recording the situation in the Children?s Centre and in the Children?s Home during the the years 2005, 2010 and 2011.
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Zjišťování účinnosti opatření na omezení znečišťování ovzduší na základě snížení negativních účinků polutantů na složky ŽP a lidské zdraví
EGÚ Praha Engineering, a.s., Praha ; TOCOEN, Brno ; Státní zdravotní ústav, Praha ; Ekotoxa Opava, s.r.o., Opava ; Bartoš, Tomáš ; Čupr, Pavel ; Holoubek, Ivan ; Kotlík, Bohumil ; Žejglicová, Kristýna ; Kratěnová, Jana ; Kazmarová, Helena ; Zapletal, Miloš
Zpráva z řešení projektu v roce 2005 byla vzhledem ke své rozsáhlosti rozdělena do dvou samostatných svazků. Ve druhém svazku jsou uvedeny zprávy z řešení dílčích úkolů projektu řešených na pracovištích EGÚ Praha Engineering a Státního zdravotního ústavu Praha ve spolupráci s TOCOENem Brno. EGÚ Praha Engineering v první části zprávy popisuje Integrovaný národní program snižování emisí České republiky z hlediska emisí tuhých znečišťujících látek a těžkých kovů. Uvádí hlavní cíle Programu, jeho řídící principy, priority, nástroje a opatření a také finanční zdroje. Druhá část dokumentuje aktuální stav emisní inventury těžkých kovů v České republice. Třetí část zprávy pojednává aktuální stav imisní situace částic a těžkých kovů (rok 2004) zpracovaný podle krajů a okresů a překročení ročních limitních hodnot imisí v r. 2004. Součástí zprávy je popis revize Protokolu o těžkých kovech a je zde diskutována i ekonomická náročnost uplatňování nových technologií BAT. Obsažena je diskuse kvality emisních dat a uvádí emisní faktory pro sektory spalování dřeva, požáry lesů a vegetace a spalování komunálních, průmyslových a nemocničních odpadů. Společné řešení projektu na pracovištích Státního zdravotního ústavu Praha a TOCOENu Brno se týká hodnocení zdravotního stavu a úrovní expozic populace. V závěrečné zprávě jsou uvedeny výsledky charakterizace dostupných zdrojů dat a výběru vhodných ukazatelů zdravotního stavu. Zpráva obsahuje zhodnocení jejich stavu a vývoje ve vybraných regionech s využitím databázových a statistických informací, diskusi příčin, které se spolupodílí na změnách zdravotního stavu populací. Dále využití vybraných ukazatelů pro nekauzální prostorovou i časovou analýzu průnikem s informacemi o znečistění ovzduší. Provedení rekonstrukce expozic pro různé scénáře. Vyhodnocení expozic vybraným znečišťujícím látkám a vyhodnocení jejich vývoje a finální mapové interpretace podle základních územních jednotek. Hlavním cílem tohoto připravovaného metodického postupu bylo nastavit parametrické vyhodnocení účinnosti provedených opatření na omezení znečišťování ovzduší. Cílovým hodnoceným parametrem byla nejen výsledná míra znečištění ovzduší, ale také aktuální stav zdraví ekosystémů a zdraví obyvatelstva.
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Studium vzniku sekundárních částic z plynných prekurzorů a jejich podílu na celkové imisní zátěži: Studium podílu bioaerosolů na imisní zátěži území České republiky suspendovanými částicemi
Státní zdravotní ústav, Centrum hygieny životního prostředí, Odborná skupina hygieny ovzduší, Praha ; Kašička, Václav ; Matějů, Ladislava ; Kazmarová, Helena ; Kotlík, Bohumil
Plnění úkolu v roce 2006. V průběhu celé pylové sezóny roku 2006 od 1.3.2006 do 31.10.2006, byly na dvou místech tj. v areálu SZÚ v Praze (zastupuje městskou aglomeraci s významným podílem dopravní zátěže) a v areálu nemocnice v Havlíčkově Brodě (zastupuje maloměstskou lokalitu pozaďového charakteru) realizovány paralelní odběry 24 hodinových vzorků aerosolů TSP. V obou lokalitách byly souběžně měřeny základní meteorologické parametry (teplota, relativní vlhkost, směr a rychlost větru). V obou lokalitách jsou dlouhodobě provozovány stanice celostátního pylového monitoringu a je realizován státní imisní monitoring (manuální stanice č. ISKO 457 v Praze SZÚ a automatická stanice č. ISKO 1200 v H. Brodě) suspendovaných částic frakce PM10 a na stanici v Praze i monitoring suspendovaných částic frakce PM2,5 a spadu. V paralelních 24 hodinových vzorcích frakce TSP byly stanoveny hmotnostní koncentrace suspendovaných částic, mikrobiologické složky (celkové počty mikroorganismů, celkové počty plísní a kvasinek, spory plísní) a jako indikátor výskytu pylových zrn či jejich částí stanoveny i alergenní složky biogenního původu. V roce 2006 byly ukončeny činnosti související s úpravou metod pro kvantifikaci a identifikaci částic biogenního původu.
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