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Stabilization of knee joint in Female football players while respecting their menstrual cycle without the use of hormonal contraceptives
VOCEDÁLKOVÁ, Simona
The issue of the knee joint and its structures is nowadays in the field of sport very current. It has to do with the increasing demands that are placed on the muscular and ligamentous apparatus. The knee joint is a complex functional unit, which consists of many bones and intraarticular services. Tibia, femur and among themselves to create articulation femorotibiall and femoropatellar. Both of these joints form one jointknee anatomy. In connection with its specific structure allows this complex anatomical element of two seemingly incompatible features-stability and mobility. The stable position of the knee from the energy point of view, it is economical. On both of the functions involved in dynamic and static stabilizers. The first group consists of the active support and is represented by the muscles. The second group provides passive support joint and this includes ligaments, menisci, joint capsule, and the shape of the joint surfaces. In the women's football are the most traumatized by the lower limb especially the ankles and knees. According to Engebretsena and Steffena (2006) make up 26% of all knee injuries in women's football. In the world of football is more than men's soccer players to injury knee ligament-mainly anterior cruciate ligament. 70% of this ligament is injured uncontact mechanism. In the LCA is the receptor of sex hormones-estrogen and progesterone. These hormones have a direct effect on the structure of the LCA. The menstrual cycle (MC) is increeasing laxity of the knee joint during ovulation and the luteal phase (15. day of the MC-the end of the MC). In this period, the female knee is the most susceptible to injury. This thesis deals with the issue of just the knee joint in the world of football. It also discusses the regular fluctuations in endogenous female hormones and their effects on the ligament laxity . The theoretical part is focused on football, the differences between women and men and predilection places in the women's football injuries. Special chapter then describes the specifics of the female knee. The end of the theoretical part is devoted to the physiology of the menstrual cycle, the female sex hormones and their effects on ligaments. The main task of this work was to build a specific system of exercises for the world of football. The SSC is focused mainly on strengthening muscles involved in the movement in the knee joint and to stabilise this joint. The SSC should serve as a complement to the classical training and was included in the training units for a period of two months. Another aim was to compare the effectiveness of SSC groups A and B. Members of the group A trained in the different phases of the menstrual cycle for exercise, which should positively affect the stability of the knee joint in relation to increased or decreased ligament laxity, due to the action of female hormones. The group B then didn´t take account of the MC physiology. In the practical part of the thesis was used the method of qualitative research. Four players in one of the South Bohemian football team were examined. Research file is moved between the ages of 19 to 26 years of age. The girls did not use hormonal contraception at the time of reserch. For the refinement of the input and output of measurement results, I investigated the players between 5.-6. on the day of their MC with the opening two months. Objectification of the results I achieved by using four specific tests. One of these tests was to score one of the Functional movement screen. Input rating in the FMS range 22-25 points. When the output rating rose to 27-30 points. My work is probably the first of this focus. Its contribution could be a reduction in the number of injuries of the knee joint in the world of football. I consider the work of the information material for trainers, implementation teams and the female football players. In the future, can become a catalyst for further research into the issue.
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The situation of disabled persons in the labour market in the main City of Prague in 2014 and 2015
Majorová, Michaela ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Barák, Vladimír (referee)
The topic of this thesis are disabled people. The main goal of this thesis is describe the situation th these people in the labor market of Prague. This description is based on the founded data and the specialized literature. There will be explained the concepts of labour market, unemployment, aktive employment policy first in the theoretical part. There are for the next time explained the concepts of disabled people, thein characteristics, different type of these disabilities, legislativ of the employnment of these people, rehabilitation programmes and the enterprises with more 50 % share of employed disabled people. The practical part is based on the analysis of the selected dates of Český statistický úřad and Ministerstvo práce a sociálních věcí. There is included my own anonymus questionnaire research of selected eemployers. The goal of this research is to show, how is the situation of the employers and the diabled people in Prague. It was found by using this research, that the situation in our main city is very positive. Employers offer many employments to disabled people, althoug they don't have to do that and they don't have any statutory obligation.
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Fiscal rules in selected EU countries between 2004-2015: sensible method for consolidation of public finances or fad of politicians?
Veselý, Lukáš ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
The subject of fiscal rules is very topical issue. The rise of public debt in certain developed countries resulted in what is sometimes called "debt crisis". Debt of those countries which is higher than their annual gross domestic product is viewed as unpayable by some economists. The main objective of this thesis has been to prove or disprove hypothesis that the fiscal rules studied in this paper are an effective solution for public finance consolidation. This verification was based on the analysis of fiscal rules functioning in selected countries between 2004 and 2015. As per results of analysis the paper aims to give recommendations for the Czech financial constitution proposal. The actual results of inquiry proved the hypothesis. Well-chosen fiscal rules are the right way towards fiscal consolidation, provided they are observed. Fiscal rules making thus requires an emphasis to be placed on the well-formulated exit clauses altogether with prospective sanctions. The current Czech financial constitution proposal is built on the correctly picked fiscal rule type, although the reference value lacks economic sense and it would not lead, with a high degree of probability, towards fiscal consolidation.
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Tax and legal issues of real-estate business in Austria
Banctel, Kristýna ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
The purpose of this study is to compare tax and civil-law issues concerning property business in Austria and in Czech Republic in 2016 and to investigate the efficiency of the current legislation against the real estate bubble. The theoretical part of this study contains selected demographic and price statistics concerning real estate in both countries and focuses on the description of the existing law currently in effect in both compared countries. The practical part analyses tax and transactions costs that concern property trading and a comparison of possibilities of amortisations and rentability of a rented flat in both countries.
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Economy of Chile in 1960s and 1970s with Accent on Market Reforms after 1973
Strejčková, Klára ; Pekárek, Štěpán (advisor) ; Ševčík, Miroslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis puts the stress on the analysis of economic reforms approved in Chile in the 60's and 70's years of the 20th century. The focus of this work is profoundly dedicated to the analysis of two important macroeconomic indicators: developments of inflation and trade exports, bearing in mind the context of the coup in 1973 which is seen as a direct consequence of the communist rule of the Salvador Allende's Cabinet (1970-1973). The Allende's Cabinet strove to transform the Chilean economic society into a socialist one. The bachelor thesis has validated a hypothesis stating that the pro-market reforms approved after 1973 led to diversification of the Chilean export as well as a gradual and progressive stabilization of the country's inflation that had reached as 350 % during the socialist Allende's government. This work brings a comparison of two very different economic doctrines that formed Chile in the 70's of the last century. There is being compared a socialist government approach, having focused on nationalizing of the private sector, to the liberal government's approach aimed at decreasing the public sector, privatization as well as tearing down international trade barriers.
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The impact of the economic cycle to finance the defense of the Czech republic in years 2004-2014
Heres, Ondřej ; Chmelová, Pavla (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor work examines the impact of economic performance on financing the defense sector in the Czech Republic in the years 2004-2014. The main questions are whether this influence is clear and the extent to which is essential for funding this sector. The work also provides a basic overview about development and structure of the Ministry of Defence budget in these years. The theoretical part contains theories of business cycle and public sector and briefly introduces the basic institutions that are tasked to provide a defense. The analytic part analyzes the expenditures and revenues of the Ministry of Defence and assesses their mutual influence and simultaneously the influence of GDP on these indicators. To compare with previous findings, the GPD growth rate and the growth rate of defense expenditures in selected countries of NATO are analyzed in brief in the last chapter. While findings based on data from the Ministry of Defence have rather anticyclical development of defense expenditures, in selected countries of NATO, the development is more procyclical. It highlights the very ambiguous impact of the economic cycle on expenditures in the defense sector.
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Strategic Trade Policy in Defence and Security Industry
Neumannová, Pavla ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The master thesis is devoted to a nontraditional, however, in the todays world to a very current topic, arms industry and its support. The thesis connects the theoretical concept of the strategic trade policy (defined by P. Krugman or J. Brander) to its practical interpretation and application in the defence and security industry. The first chapter explains the strategic trade policy using the Brander Spencer analysis. The topic of the second chapter is strategic industries and this chapter answers the question whether the defence and security industry is a strategic industry or not. The third chapter analyses the possibilities of the support of DSI and compares approaches of different EU member states. The last chapter is devoted to the solution of this problem. The main contribution of this thesis is a new interpretation of the strategic trade policy, analysis of the importance of the defence and security industry and its support and suggestion of practical measures for Czech companies and for the Czech Ministry of Defence.
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Supervision of volunteers in nonprofit organizations
Beerová, Michala ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Šerák, Michal (referee)
The theme of the presented bachelor thesis is the process of supervision and the volunteerism. Volunteering is an important subject in today's society and essentials workforce in social work. The aim of this work is to focus on the non-profit sector and try to describe it. Furthermore, there is an explanation of the position of volunteers in these organizations and supervision in social work. Supervision is one of the managerial function in non-profit organizations, which is widely and long-term applied. The thesis wants to show basics, consequences and benefits of volunteer's supervision. Providing supervision is one of the main objectives of the organization to support staff or their volunteers. This bachelor thesis explores volunteering and supervision in two countries, the Czech Republic and Sweden. This thesis compares two different approaches, based on history of these two countries. Volunteering and supervision are very interesting features of the non-profit organizations. The practical part of this thesis comprises from qualitative investigation of different nonprofit organizations. The organizations were interviewed to get information about the purpose of the volunteering, educational potential of supervision and the current situation of volunteer supervision there. The aim of this investigation...
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The Financial Literacy of Senior Citizens
KOCANDOVÁ, Soňa
This bachelor thesis focuses on the elderly and their financial literacy. This thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part defines actual knowledge about this theme and is divided into two chapters an introduction to issues about ageing and financial literacy. The author talks about seniors, demographic situation of ageing, forms of living, secured retirement in old age and financial literacy. The author also paid attention to presentations of products. The practical part includes the actual implementation of research and interpretation of the data is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the work and objectives of the research questions. The aim is to map the awareness of seniors in the effective management of their finances. The author also set partial research questions and the main research question is whether seniors are aware of their financial security. The second chapter researches methodology, which includes a qualitative research method of semi-structured interviews. The interviews are divided into three fields. The first is introductory information, the second field is financial literacy and the last field is presentations of products. The research methodology also characterizes the surveyed group, which consists of ten respondents over sixty five years old and lives in the Trebon region. In the third and the most extensive chapter there are the results and data. The elderly mostly answered in a different way however in some ways they agreed. The last chapter evaluates results and draws the author´s opinion. It has been found out that respondents have diverse interests and hobbies in retirement and they participate in them very actively. The income of the respondents is satisfactory to those who live in a household of two members. The financial situation has been described as good as well as average. Fifty percent of the respondents have experience with credit and only two of them create the budgets. The last set of questions was about demonstrations of goods and majority of the respondents have some experience with them. The last chapter is the conclusion which summarizes the information obtained. The main research question is whether seniors are aware of their financial security and the results show that all respondents have an over view of their finances. The elderly people orientate themselves well in money matters and they can optimally manage their money. They are vigilant in connection with credit and loans. They rather save money and they say that they do not buy anything when they do not have money. It is good that they are informed and can thus better resist the pitfalls that exist in this world, whether we like it or not. This thesis might be useful in practice for the elderly who want to try to draw up the budget. It can make a contribution to higher awareness about dangers of presentations of products.
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Výběr a implementace open source nástroje pro řízení portfolia projektů
Marek, Jan ; Chlapek, Dušan (advisor) ; Kučera, Jan (referee)
Methods and ways of implementation of changes and innovations in companies through project management are in today's society very well established. There exists methodologies, techniques and tools for the management of individual projects. However in a role of project manager, I very often faced the fact that companies are performing the project portfolio management in very intuitive way. This in itself leads to failed and prematurely terminated projects, initiation of the wrong projects or realisation of correct projects, but at the wrong time. Very often I have also recognized, that there is lack of awareness of fact, that there are also Open Source applications that can help with the organization's portfolio. This thesis deals with the definition of requirements, search and selection of proper OSS application and subsequent implementation. In the first part of this thesis I prepare a theoretical framework about PPM, and on that basis then identify and verify a set of requirements for selection of right OSS PPM application. The next section of thesis describes searching for suitable applications from a variety of sources, assessment against the requirements and the final selection. In the last part the implementation project is drafted, which aims to serve other colleagues in project management as one of the possible implementation paths. The outputs are then continuously confronted with experts in matter of projects and project management in the field of IT in order to maximize symbiosis between theory and real life experiences. Virtually every project management methodology defines the collection of already-proven techniques, best practices or lessons learned from the previous similar implementations. The main contribution of this thesis I see in fact that it contains not only the design of the project implementation, but also describes a logical path, what leads to the result. Therefore this thesis could be used as a base or discussed best practice, when a project of implementation of PPM application in place.
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