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The influence of therapy by Vojta reflex locomotion method on functional abilities of immobile seniors
Černá, Gabriela ; Smékal, David (advisor) ; Zounková, Irena (referee)
This project assesses effects of four -week active rehabilitation combined with Vojta reflex stimulation on mobility of bed-bound seniors. Sixteen female patients were divided into two groups of eight members, i.e. tested group and control group. Both groups were put through training focused on self-support, maintaining or enhancement of range of movement, strengthening of weak muscle groups, stability training, practicing sitting up and lying down from sitting position, and walking in the high walking frame in the case of stronger patients. Besides that the tested group underwent Vojta reflex stimulation (global model of reflex turning), coordination and stability exercise and exercise with rehabilitation tools (elastic band, over ball, small ball, water bottle). In the beginning and in the end of the project the EMS (Elderly Mobility Scale), BI (Barthel Index), and MMSE (Mini-mental State Examination) scales were tested as well as ability to turn from back to side and stability in the sitting position. Statistical comparability of both groups was proved true in the beginning of the therapy by Mann-Whitney test. There was a noticeable tendency towards higher probability of enhancing measured scores in the tested group compared to the control group after the therapy. In case of the EMS this probability was...
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Individual human odor as a forensic trail in criminal proceeding made by contact or contactless transmission and its resistance to physical agents
Santariová, Milena ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Chmelíková, Eva (referee)
The dissertation thesis consists of four papers that have been published in scientific journals.
Study n. 1
The need to recover evidence from water is quite common in criminal investigation. The article deals with the possibility to collect human scent from such objects and with the ability of specially trained dogs to match such scent samples with scent samples collected from detained suspects. During an experiment, designed as a blind one, it has been proved, that human scent can survive on submerged objects and can be later used for scent identification.
Study n. 2
To collect odors the Czech Republic Police use special fabric sorbents manufactured under the registered mark ARATEX. Before use the fabric sorbent is treated by water vapor sterilization. After the scent identification the sorbent is destroyed. The goal of the study was to verify if the vapor sterilization is effective enough to remove human scent that has already penetrated into the sorbent structure or in other words if the sorbent can be exposed to vapor sterilization and then used again. Specially trained dogs were used to match starting odors with target odors in the line-ups. The results showed that dogs are able to correctly match human odors even after they have being exposed to vapor sterilization.
Study n. 3
The purpose of the study was to determine the temperature at which the human scent is degraded so that a dog would not be able to identify it. In contrast to expectations, eight dogs used in the experiment almost flawlessly identified human scents from five scent donors exposed to temperatures of 100°C, 200°C, 300°C, 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C. Only two of the dogs were able to identify 5 of 15 scent samples exposed to 900°C. No dog identified a scent exposed to 1000°C. Our study verified heat survivability of human scent far beyond existing expectations.
Study n. 4
We tested the hypothesis that if odor fallout (the release of a human odor onto an untouched object) in human subjects exists, then holding a hand above an absorbent will produce a detectable scent which will be subsequently matched in a detection test by trained dogs. Scents were collected from seven males to sterile cotton absorbent squares. The left hand was used to get the control scent and the right hand served as the target scent. Each experimental subject was sitting and his left hand was laid down on a cotton square for 3 min. The right hand was held 5 cm above another cotton square for 3 min. The scent identification was done by two specially trained police German shepherds. Both dogs performed 14 line-ups and correctly matched the collected scents of all test subjects. The results suggest the existence of human odor fallout, whereby a human scent trace is left by humans even if they do not touch an object.
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Ability of dogs to discriminate human odor exposed to chemical detergent
Čajágiová, Martina ; Vyplelová, Petra (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
In the recherche part of our thesis we familiarize ourselves with the human odor, theories of its origin, definition, anatomy of human skin and odors, composition of individual human odors and with odor secretion. We also look closer on the topics of odor absorbent and its use in the world, the transmission of odors to odor sensors and securing of scents. This section of our thesis discusses the resistance and survival abilities of odor, scent identification method and its history, organic acids, and defines the application of laundry detergents and ultrasonic washers. Aim of our thesis was to verify the relevance of the use of chemical detergents in the purification process when working with scents. We tried to verify the ability of detergents to degrade the human scent on odor absorbents to such an extent, that specially trained dogs would not be able to identify it. Our experiment was following a precise determination methodology. In the first phase samples were collected from the hands of targeted persons to a scent carrier - a metal cylinder (extirpate odour), by one researcher. In the second phase samples were collected from the body to a textile carrier, by another researcher. The metal scent carriers were processed. Some of them were left as they were (control sample) and some were exposed to chemical detergents with and without usage of an ultrasonic washer.
In the experiment where we tried to identify the odour samples, six bitches of German shepherd were used. They were specially trained for odour identification. Each dog was let three times to identify the target scent exposed to a detergent and three times to identify the target scent not exposed to a detergent. Target smell was randomly deposited between other samples and its position was changed, so that the handler did not know its position and thus was unable to affect the work of his dog. The indicator of positive identification was a sign the dogs were taught - to sit or lay in front of a sample.
Any dog was unable to identify the scent which was exposed to chemical detergent and all dogs identify the scent unexposed to a chemical detergent. Our experiment has shown that the use of chemical detergents in the purification process when working with scents is relevant to the degradation of individual human scent.
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Ability of specially trained dogs to detect human scent which was exposed to different weather conditions over a long period
Machová, Lucie ; Vyplelová, Petra (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
Survivability of human scent was observed by many scientists mainly in artificial conditions (Hudson et al., 2009; Santariová et al. 2012; Preti et al., 2006). Against this exists a few researches about survivability of human scent in nature conditions (King et al., 1964; Santariová et al., 2016).
On glass tubes were taken individual humant scent from 6 volunteers. Target scents were left outdoor during 2 different periods of year. Winter samples from 3 target people were outdoor from November to May and summer samples from other 3 people from May to December. Always after 3, 4, 5 a 6 months was taken scent from 1 glass tube of each target person. After last time period was taken scent from target people on cotton textile. Scent of other volunteer was taken at the same time for purpose scent deceptions.
Then was observed if dogs will be able to identify these samples corectly. Specially trained dogs on scent identification line-ups get sample from outdoor environment and they should choose the identical human scent from line of 6 samples (with 1 target and 5 deceptions).
The experiment showed, that dogs are able to identify winter samples in all time periods but are not able to identify summer samples in whatever time period. Time periods do not show any diference.
The biggest influence on quality change of individual human scent has intensity of sun radiation.
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Police kynologie legislation and its application
Sláma, Matěj ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Klimešová, Vanda (referee)
There are no relevant and actual books and articles relating to the topic of the police cynology. The aim of this thesis is to rally the available information about the legislation
of the police cynology and the use of the police cynology in the condition of the Police
of the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into ten chapters. At the beginning of this thesis are defined basic terms Police, cynology, service cynology, service cynologist, service dog handler, dog and service dog. Further, the thesis focuses on the role of the dog in history and on history of the police cynology. Next chapter describes organization of the Czech Police cynology and hipology. The sixth chapter surveys international and national Police legislation. The second part of the thesis also devotes to the service dog handler
and to the police dog its breeding, training and use. The end of this thesis submits the issue and my own opinion to this topic.
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Hereditary Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System in Breeds of Assistance Dogs
Krausová, Anežka ; Sedlák, Petr (advisor) ; Šichtař, Jiří (referee)
This work deals with canine hereditary diseases of musculoskeletal system which may occur in breeds used for assistance purposes.
First, the term "assistance dog" is defined. Assistance dogs include guide dogs, hearing dogs, service dogs, psychological assistance dogs, dual-purpose dogs and others. Most commonly used breeds are German shepherd, Labrador retriever, Golden retriever and a crossbreed of Labrador and Golden retriever.
Next part describes musculoskeletal system of the dog.
Particular diseases follow. The work focuses on several diseases whose common cause is presumed polygenic heredity. These are the diseases concerned: canine hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, panosteitis, Wobbler syndrome, hemivertebra, osteochondrosis and muscular dystrophy. Each disease includes the description of its prevalence, etiology, clinical signs, examination, diagnostic methods, treatment and prevention. Examinations are usually carried out using an X-ray, computed tomography, myelography or magnetic resonance. The treatment involves two components, conservative and surgical treatment.
There are also mentioned the possibilities of genetic diagnostics of hip dysplasia and muscular dystrophy. Last chapter is devoted to practical approach of some entities within the Czech Republic engaged in the training of assistance dogs to the selection of the dogs for training in terms of their health and their experience with the diseases mentioned in this work.
The discussion highlights an important role of prevention of these diseases, in particular through the conscious breeding methods, which exclude affected individuals from breeding. Thanks to such selection, the transmission of deleterious alleles throughout subsequent generations can be prevented. Prevention in individuals can also be achieved by an appropriate diet and reasonable exercise. When choosing a dog to be trained for assistance purposes, the health and predispositions of the breed as well as the individual's health should be taken into account.
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An analysis of the verification, evaluation and classification of practical skills in the subject Practical Training
Dlouhá, Štěpánka ; Kříž, Emil (advisor) ; Kutílek, Josef (referee)
The topic of the thesis is "Analysis of screening, evaluation and classification of practical skills for teaching the subject vocational training". The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is mainly involved in screening, assessment and classification. The first part contains chapters dealing with education - the education system of the Czech Republic, diagnostics, teacher's personality, teaching methods, evaluation, auditing and evaluation methods. The last two chapters are dedicated to the classification, the criteria and principles and classification levels.
In the practical part I find out how students in the first year of OSVs in Pilsen, majoring Gardening lead in acquiring knowledge and skills. I describe the individual students practical skills, and compare the results of selected work package.
The resulting works of pupils are evaluated and compared in two groups of teaching. These groups of students are compared with groups of pupils last year. All
information and data were obtained by observation. On the basis of the survey showed that the majority of pupils reaching gradually the necessary skills and the results of their work package are similar to those in the previous year.
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The history of javelin throw technique and its development trends
Kadlecová, Hana ; Segeťová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Vindušková, Jitka (referee)
The history of javelin throw technigue and its development trends Objective: Gathering of historical knowledge ofthe javelin throw. To compile and differ individua! characters of european javelin throw schools. To choose some European javelin throw trainers' opinions. To compare and evaluate up-to-date javelin throw technique, condition, rules as well as javelin construction. Evaluation method: Qualitative literature analysis. Record of changes in technique, rules and javelin construction in a chart and its comments. Results: Current state of athletic performance is related to constantly rising training demands as well as athletes' shapes. Among factors influencing the quality of workout are disciplines like physiotherapy, kinesiology, rehabilitation and other movement analysis methods. On the basis of constantly lengthening javelin throw, the IAAF (International Amateur Athletic Federation) introduced new rule moving the javelin's centre ofgravity towards its pike affective 1. 4. 1986 in men's category. Women's category was affected by the javelin's centre of gravity change in 2000. Javelin throw values in both women's and men's categories have been far affected by this technical rule's change indeed. Key words: The javelin throw, history, technique development, training, javelin construction,...
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