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Italian system of controlled designation of origines for wines - existing labels, their importance for producers, market and consumers
KOLÁŘOVÁ, Jaroslava
The Bachelor thesis focus on the topic The Italian system of Controlled Designations of Origin for Wines - Existing Appellations, Their Importance for Producers, Market and Consumers. The thesis is divided in two parts. The first of them focuses on the history of the wine classification in the area of current Italy, the wine categories currently used for wines/the roots of the current indications for wines which originated in France and the process of improving the marking of the Italian wines during the last fifty years. The second part is devoted to the recent reform of the common organisation of the market in wine that introduced the use of two European Quality labels 'Protected Geographical Indication' and 'Protected Designation of Origin' for wines. This part also describes when and how European standarts were implemented as national standards. In the conclusion there is characterized the importance of the wine designation for producers, market and consumers. The Bachelor thesis contains the summary in Italian.
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Tax and legal issues of real-estate business in Austria
Banctel, Kristýna ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
The purpose of this study is to compare tax and civil-law issues concerning property business in Austria and in Czech Republic in 2016 and to investigate the efficiency of the current legislation against the real estate bubble. The theoretical part of this study contains selected demographic and price statistics concerning real estate in both countries and focuses on the description of the existing law currently in effect in both compared countries. The practical part analyses tax and transactions costs that concern property trading and a comparison of possibilities of amortisations and rentability of a rented flat in both countries.
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The Conclusion of a Contract under the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods in Comparison with Czech National Legislation
Krčálová, Kristýna ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Levý, Jan (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), better known as the Vienna Convention. The main purpose of this thesis is to evaluate conditions for application of this international treaty and to assess the contracting process under the CISG including the similarities and differences with the Czech national legislation. Finally, it seeks an answer to the question, which of these rules (international or national) are more advantageous for a Czech contractual party with respect to concluding a contract. The thesis is divided into five parts. The first one represents an introduction to the CISG, its origin and the Czech Republic's attitude to it. The second part identifies the conditions for application of the CISG and therefore defines a subject and an object of an international contract of sale under the CISG. Both third and fourth parts gradually introduce two phases of the contracting process (offer and acceptance) including the relevant case-law. The last chapter strives to complete the contracting process with an analysis of the exact moment, when a contract is concluded, as well as with an analysis of a potential battle of the forms and its impact on a contract conclusion.
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Influence of meadow management on the migration behavior of selected species of butterflies
Bubová, Terezie ; Langrová, Iva (advisor) ; Farkač, Jan (referee)
Migrations are the key process and one of the basic biological features, which allow survival of endangered species in fragmented landscape. In the last decades, agriculture intensification, industry and urbanization caused that number of natural butterfly habitats has significantly decreased. The localities originally suitable for butterflies are currnetly converted to farmland or building plots. This PhD thesis aimed to find a compromise solution of meadow management, which should allow a commercial use and concurrently do not jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species. The main idea of this study was in the intentional emigration causing in the middle of flight period, which should lead into resettlement of the population to another (potentially more suitable) locality. Possibility of aimed manipulation with butterfly emigrations would be considered as a major breakthrough in their protection.
The investigated species Phengaris nausithous (Bergsträsser, 1779) and Phengaris teleius (Bergsträsser, 1779) are both considered to be flagship species for protection of European butterflies at open meadows. This study is based on research, which was carried out in 2013-2015 at 17 patch in localities Dolní Labe, Czech Republic. In above mentioned years, one selected meadow was mowed in the middle of flight season and the emigrations were then monitored using mark-release-recapture method. Results of population and migration characteristics were calculated in MARK 8.1 software. Subsequently, the effect of mowing on emigration (comparison of emigrations from the meadow before and after mowing) was evaluated using Statistica 13.
The hypotheses of this study were based on the assumption, that the loss of resources after well-timed mowing should increase the activity of adult butterflies. During the monitoring, number of emigrations was increased only in flight season 2015. Unfortunately, the statistical evaluation did not show significant effect of mowing on migrations. On the other hand, the hypothesis dealing with colonization of nearest meadows was confirmed.
Effect of intentional emigration caused by management interventions was unfortunately not proved. However, we found out, that even though the population at one mowed meadow decreased clearly, the metapopulation size at the locality remained more or less stable.
At investigated (mowed) meadow, there was observed a sharp decline of P. nausithous abundance. On the other hand, P. teleius population was only slightly reduced. It is therefore conceivable, that P. teleius are not as susceptible to innapropriate term of mowing. The results obtained in our research conclusively displayed no possible positive effect of mowing in the middle of flight season and a necessity of suitable management maintenance at localities inhabited by Phengaris butterflies.
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Plagiarism in Text Documents: Applications Revealing Elements of Plagiarism
Trachtová, Monika ; Přibil, Jiří (advisor) ; Váchová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on issue of plagiarism in text documents. It explains the basic concept of plagiarism, its legislation and the law from which it is based. It defines the typology of plagiarism and the reasons of their origin. Furthermore, the bachelor's thesis focuses on existing applications of plagiarism detection in text documents and their detailed description. In the practical part will deal with analysis of selected applications. Their uses and as-sessment the quality of the results.
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Problems of language and subject in Paul Ricoeur's philosophy
Miškovský, Miloš ; Němec, Václav (referee) ; Čapek, Jakub (advisor)
This work is engaged in a problematic of language and its relation to a subjectivity, as it is presented above all in Paul Ricoeur's book, called Le conflit des interprétations. Ricoeur own position is formed by confrontation of three important intelectual systems of twentieth century: structuralism, psychoanalysis and phenomenology. In structural linguistics the language means first of all langue, certain closed system of signes, based on own interior laws and relations, which is absolutly independent on the exterior (non-linguistic) reality. Ricoeur wants to overcome this simplifying view and show, that language is something in which somebody says something about something. He wants to return back to language in which we speak and he makes it by ascending from a lower to a higher level of sentence. In a philosophical reinterpretation of Freud's psychoanalysis is refused a traditional belief, that we can found the origin of language in a consciousness. On the contrary it si shown, that the deepest base of langauge is in a unconsciousness. Thanks to that it is revealed an ontological foundation of this phenomenon, that before I speak, I am.
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The Financial Arbiter in the Czech Republic
Rázová, Ilona ; Marková, Hana (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to offer an explanation of issues connected with out-of-court settlements of disputes between financial institutions and their clients in the Czech Republic. It is represented by the Financial Arbiter, whose office was established for the purpose of harmonization of Czech law and that of the European Unions countries on 1st January 2003 through the Act No. 229/2002, concerning Financial Arbitration. This thesis deals with the origins of this post, legal basis for position of the Financial Arbiter in Czech law and his role and importance within the financial market. An important part is created with the analysis of the proceedings in front of the Financial Arbiter from its principles to the conclusion. Sample cases, which the Financial Arbiter handled, including types of solutions, are also researched. Finally, international cooperation is described in this thesis. And furthermore, there is also a similar institute working in the Great Britain mentioned in order to compare both of these offices.
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Selected BRICS countries in global commodity markets
Kocháňová, Lucie ; Müller, Štěpán (advisor) ; Taušer, Josef (referee)
Present bachelor's thesis has the aim to analyze particular countries of the BRICS group with regard to their position on the international commodity markets. The countries are the Federative republic of Brazil and Russian federation. For a brief introduction into the problem I shortly describe the origin and functioning of the commodity market and its derivates at the beginning of my work. As next I focus on characterising the BRICS group as a whole, each member's economic situation and the structure of their commodity exchange with the world. In the fundamental parts of thesis I concentrate on commodity facilities of both countries, countrie's specifications, current issues and existing trade between the Czech republic and both states. The issue of reciprocal trade and it's perspectives is further developed in the last chapter.
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Poliomyelitis and contemporary issues of its eradication
PETRÁŇOVÁ, Monika
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the eradication of infectious polio and its current problems. Polio is a highly infectious disease of viral origin. The most effective form of protection from the disease is vaccination. The main aim of this work was to determine the major issues in polio surveillance in the Pilsen region at present. Intermediate goals were determined in relation to the main aim: to ascertain the awareness of practicing paediatricians about the principles of poliomyelitis surveillance with an emphasis on diagnosing and reporting cases of acute palsy and further to ascertain the quality of the cooperation between the locally competent public health authority and practicing paediatricians in the field of poliomyelitis surveillance. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The practical part was elaborated using a qualitative method based on semi-structured interviews with practicing paediatricians and with the locally competent public health authority. The research was participated in by 9 practicing paediatricians and one public health authority worker from the Pilsen region, with an average length of practice of 20 years. The resulting data was then evaluated by a coding method and divided into schemes according to Švaříček and Šeďová (2007). Three research questions were defined based on the set aims: RQ1: What do practising paediatricians see as the prime problems in polio surveillance? RQ2: How many cases of acute palsy do practising paediatricians record and subsequently report to the competent public health authority? RQ3: What is the quality of the cooperation between practising paediatricians and the locally competent public health authority? The research revealed that, according to the practising paediatricians, the problem in poliomyelitis surveillance is refusal of the vaccination and the associated decreasing immunisation coverage of the population. The next most commonly reported problem was population migration. Furthermore, it was found that not one practising paediatrician recorded or reported cases of acute palsy in their surgery. Only one respondent encountered acute palsy 10 years ago. The answer to the last research question is also apparent from the information obtained. More than half of the respondents agreed that so far there is no cooperation on this issue. Although four respondents stated that the cooperation is at a high level and is of very good quality.
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Law aspects and impacts of informal and shadow economy
Lehovcová, Zuzana ; Neděla, Radek (advisor) ; Kostohryz, Milan (referee)
The subject of this thesis is shadow economy. The first part is dedicated to key words, measurement methods of shadow economy and her positive and negative aspects. Next part talks about main reasons of origin and rise of shadow economy and describes her subsystems with focus on tax evasions and illegal work. It evaluates the level of legislation of shadow economy. It presents established and planned measure to decrease the range of shadow economy. In the last part it offers the analysis of results from questionnaire aimed to the public relation connected to the shadow economy.
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