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Rozpoznávání založené na vícerozměrných modelech
Haindl, Michal ; Pudil, Pavel ; Somol, Petr
This chapter explains general model-based approaches to several basic pattern recognition applications followed by a concise description of three fundamental multi-dimensional data model classes. For each model class a solution to parameter estimation and model data synthesis is outlined. Finally an overview of the strengths and weaknesses of studied multi-dimensional data model groups is given.
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New learned compound elements in French
DAŇKOVÁ, Ivana
The topic of this thesis is "New confixes in French". This thesis is divided into two main parts: theoretical and analytical. The first part is theoretical and describes the historical development of "confixation" (learned compounding) as well as different theories and approaches to the word formation process. This part also defines "confixation" to other word formation processes (derivation and composition) and the structural component of "confixation" - a "confix". The second part is analytical and deals with specific learned stems (confixes) and learned compounding. The study material for this part of the thesis has been gained by the data excerption from the corpus Sketch Engine. The sample excerpted from the corpus is the subject of the analysis. The analysis focuses on the classic and modern confixes and their typology: classification of confixes according to the position in the learned compounding, or according to the origin, etc. The analysis also treats the morphological categories of learned compounding and their internal structure. The main focus is drawn to modern confixes that were created mostly by the change of meaning of the classic confix. This part deals with the newly created confixes in French that do not have the direct Greek or Latin base. These are mostly loanwords from English. The main aim of present thesis is to identify newly created confix compounds in comtemporary French.
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Viscometric study of L-Lysine- and 6-aminocaproic acid-hyaluronan systems behavior within the range of low aminoacids concentrations
Šimáčková, Marcela ; Běťák, Jiří (referee) ; Chytil, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis investigates the interaction between high-molecular weight hyaluronic acid (1.75 MDa HA) and amino acids, particularly lysine and 6-aminocaproic acid. The interactions should occur between the carboxyl groups of HA carrying a negative charge and a positive charge located on the nitrogen atom of the protonated amino acids. The presence of these interactions would mean the possibility of establishing bioactive compounds, e.g. drugs, on hyaluronic acid, in which it would act as a targetting carrier. The interactions were examined at low concentrations for both aminoacids, i.e. below 10 mmoldm-3, and for 6-aminocaproic acid also at high aminoacid concentrations, i.e. above 20 mmoldm-3. The presence of interaction was investigated using not only rheology, but also by measuring pH and conductivity. Based on this research, the interactions manifested in terms of a decrease in the system viscosity.
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The effect of boron and its compounds on setting time of portland cement
Kratochvíl, Jiří ; Švec, Jiří (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
The aim of this work is to study the influence of boron and its compounds, boric acid and borax, on hydratation of portland cement. The first part describes chemical composition of portland cement and reactivity of its components. The second part deals with hydratation of portland cement. The teoretical part ends with description of retardation of portland cement using gypsum or other sulphate options. The experimental part describes preparation of samples – cement paste – modified by addition of boron, boric acid and borax in diferent concentrations. Results are obtained by evaluation of calorimetric curves, mechanical properties and phase composition. The goal is to describe kinetics of targeted slowed down process of hydratation and to find such addition which would suspend setting of boron modified system entirely. Comparison of effects of each boron-containing compound is based on its concentration and on its kind.
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Magnetic properties of Ce compounds studied by specific heat
Čermák, Petr ; Javorský, Pavel (advisor) ; Havela, Ladislav (referee)
Materials containing the 4f (rare earth) or 5f (actinides) exhibit a large variety of interesting physical properties. The Ce-based compounds have a special place among the rare-earth compounds. The Ce atom contains only a single f-electron that is responsible for the magnetic behavior. The 4f states in compounds with the heavy rare earths have a well localized character, whereas many Ce-based compounds are on the borderline between the localized and itinerant behavior. These compounds show large variety of the magnetic ground states what is a result of the competition between the long-range order of the RKKY type and the screening of the localized moments by conduction electrons. We observe nonmagnetic states with a mixed valence (between Ce3+ and Ce4+), metallic systems with a long-range order of the Ce moments (ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic or more complex structures). To analyze the electronic properties, the heat capacity data, and namely their low-temperature part, play an indispensable role. This diploma work comprise the sample preparation of selected cerium compounds, their phase characteristics and the heat capacity measurements at low temperatures (0.4 - 300 K). The main part is focused on the data analysis and comparison with theoretical models.
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Irrationality in the decision- making of an individual as an economic entity in the territory of the Czech Republic
Böhm, Tomáš ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is an in-depth analysis of the decision-making process on issues of economic nature for individuals in the Czech Republic. The degree of rationality occurring in consumer behavior is evaluated based on lessons learned. The theoretical section is concerned with the economic aspect of the decision-making process, which mainly includes knowledge of neoclassical theory, whose basis is the cardinal and ordinal concept of utility maximization. Subsequently there are introduced the alternative approaches to decision making, focusing on the subjective aspects of human reasoning. Using the mutual synthesis of these approaches, the author draws a term behavioral economics, specific elements of which constitute a substantive content of the whole work. The practical section verifies the hypothesis that the decision-making contradicts the theory of rational individual conduct. Data collected through the questionnaire is subjected to analytical procedures by which the stated hypothesis was verified.
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Synthesis of Lanthanidocene Based Compounds
Pospíšek, Marek ; Zmrzlý, Martin (referee) ; Richtera, Lukáš (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the issues of the polymerization catalytic systems based on lanthanidocene complexes. These complexes are subsequently divided by the structure into four basic groups. One part of this work deals with an overview of the most interesting results of the catalytic systems, which are then analyzed and assessed either in its entirety or point of view of catalytic activity, living mechanism of polymerisation and stereo or regioselectivity. The focus is also placed on type of monomers or the conditions of polymerization. In this part of thesis are also described general methods for their synthesis. Found analogies and generalization are commented from the point of view of the design of the catalytic systems for the purpose of choosing the stereo or regioselectivity, molar mass and its distribution. This gives significance to these complexes as catalytic systems for obtaining the required polymer properties. The acquired knowledge is used for the theoretical design of the catalytic system for controlled polymerization.
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Heterologous Expression of ABC Transporter in Catharanthus Roseus (L.) G. Don
Pomahačová, Barbora ; Dušková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee) ; Grančai, Daniel (referee)
In this thesis, the regulation of transport is investigated as a limiting factor in biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. CjMDR1 in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. has been selected as a model system of active transporters. CjMDR1 is a member of ABC (ATP-Binding Cassette) protein superfamily. Especially, in previous reports it was found to transport preferably berberine in its producing plant, Coptis japonica. In order to look into the role of the ABC transporter berberine was exogenously fed to Catharanthus roseus cell line and evaluate the transport of the compound. Based on a series of experiments in this study it can be concluded as follows. 1. Transport of berberine in wild Catharanthus roseus was not clearly associated with ATP-dependency. Using diverse inhibitors it was proved that berberine was not an exclusive substrate of native ABC transporters in Catharanthus. Alternatively berberine might be transported via H+-antiport or efflux transporters from MATE (multidrug and toxic compound extrusion) group which was previously found in other heterologous plants (Yazaki, 2005). In reality in Catharanthus some effect of pH on plasmatic membrane on berberine transport has been observed. However, the exact mechanism of berberine transport on vacuolar and cell level was not fully uncovered...
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Heterocyclic Compounds with Antimycobacterial Activity
Herzigová, Petra ; Klimešová, Věra (advisor) ; Potáček, Milan (referee) ; Pytela, Oldřich (referee)
The dissertation thesis belongs to the conception of the research of potential antimycobacterial compounds. The aim of this work is synthesis of sulphide pyridine derivatives and the relationship between structure and antimycobacterial activity. Within the framework of this Thesis, the 112 substituted derivates of 4-(subst. fenylalkylsulfanyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid were synthesized. Antimycobacterial activity of prepared substances has been tested under in vitro conditions against M. tuberculosis, and non-tuberculous mycobacteria M. avium and M. kansasii. The series of 4-(subst. phenethylsulfanyl)pyridine-2-carbothioamide (MIC 1-32 µmol/L) represents the most active substances (MIC 1-32 µmol/L). These derivates don't reach the activity used antituberculosis drugs against M. tuberculosis, but their activities against M. avium exceed that of isoniazid. The synthesis of new structures as potential antimycobacterial compounds forms the second part of Thesis. All synthesis is based on the use of bis- arylimidoyl chlorides of oxalic acid of as starting material. None of prepared new compounds don't display an interesting antimycobacterial activity.
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Structure-Antifungal Activity Relationships in Substituted Butenolides
Šenel, Petr ; Pour, Milan (advisor) ; Hampl, František (referee) ; Doležal, Martin (referee)
Within the framework of this Thesis, several series of 3-(4-bromophenyl)-2,5- -dihydrofuran-2-ones with various substituents at C(5) derived from in vitro antifungally active 3-(4-bromophenyl)-5-acetyloxymethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one were prepared with the aim of further development of potential antifungals based on this lead. Primarily, we focused on the synthesis of furanones bearing alkylidene or alkoxymethyl/aryloxymethyl moiety in position 5. We found that 5-acyloxymethyl and 5-aryloxymethyl furanone derivatives undergo elimination leading to 3-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methylene-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one under the antifungal screening conditions. This compound initiates fungal cell membrane disruption and is responsible for the antifungal activity of the former. The 5-alkoxymethyl analogues are unable to undergo the elimination process and are therefore inactive. The antifungal activity of 5- alkylidene furanones depends on the substitution of alkylidene side chain. Some of the target compounds displayed interesting cytostatic activities against HeLa S3 and CCRF-CEM cells (IC50 < 5 µmol.L-1 ). Furthermore, syntheses of 4-substituted or 4,5-disubstituted-3-(4-bromophenyl)-2,5- -dihydrofuran-2-ones were carried out. Some of the prepared derivatives possessed notable antifungal or antimicrobial activity.
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