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Support of civic society and social economy
Davídek, Michal ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Stočková, Olga (referee)
Tato práce si klade za cíl nalézt odpovědi na otázky finanční podpory rozvoje a udržení občanské společnosti a sociální ekonomiky. Z tohoto pohledu se orientuje na problematiku přebírání úlohy veřejné správy ze strany občanského sektoru v grantové oblasti. V teoretické části se věnuje vývoji a typům ekonomických subjektů občanského sektoru. V analytické části se v návaznosti na podporu občanského sektoru ze strany Evropské unie zabývá efektivitou učiněných kroků. Autor tyto kroky analyzuje v případě dvou obecně prospěšných společností, tzv. místních akčních skupin - pověřených grantových agentur v iniciativě Leader, která se věnuje rozvoji venkova a venkovské ekonomiky. Autorovým úmyslem bylo zhodnotit tento vývoj, zhodnotit efektivitu zapojení těchto struktur do grantového systému Evropské unie a doporučit zefektivnění tohoto systému.
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Applications of game theory in economy
Chvoj, Martin ; Prokešová, Michaela (referee) ; Kopa, Miloš (advisor)
Nt'izev prace: Aplikacc teorie her v ekonomii Aitlor: Martin Chvoj Katedra: Katedra pravdepodobnosli a matematicke statistiky Vedouci bakah'tfske prace: RNDr. Ing. Milos Kopa, PhD. e-mail vedoucilio: kopa@karlin.mfT.cuni.cz Ahstrttkt: Tato prace pojednava o leorii her a jeji aplikaci v ckonomicke teorii. Na zacatku pracc je deflnovan pojem ..lira N hraeu4', ktcry jc v dalsieh kapitolaeh rozvijen. Ncjprve jsou popsany zaklady klasicke nekooperalivni tcoric her opfraji'cf se o pojcm Nashovy rovnovahy a koopcrativnich her s durazein na jadro hry a Shaplcyho hodnotu. Dale jsou analy/ovany statisiickc hry, ktere se zabyvajf rozhodovanim hracu pfi riziku. 7 modcrnich pfistupii je zde popsana staticka a dynaniicka analyza evolucnich her. Dalsi cast je venovana ekonomickc aplikaci vscch defmovanych druhu her na teorii finny. V zaveru prace je popsan a vyhodnocen model, sinuilujiei cvolucnf vyvoj populace, uvnitf kterc je hrana lira zvana veznovo dilema s dobrovolnou ucasti. Klicovd slovci; teorie her, evolucni hry, bayesovske hry, oligopol Title: Applications of game theory in economics Author: Martin Chvoj Department: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics Supervisor: RNDr. Ing. Milos Kopa, PhD. Supervisor's e-mail address: kopa^karlin.mfT.cuni.cz Abstract: This work deals with game theory...
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Economic diplomacy of Slovakia
Konevalová, Dominika ; Gullová, Soňa (advisor) ; Hinčica, Vít (referee)
For the state, especially small as Slovak republic, it is important to have an effective, modern and prosperous economic diplomacy. The main purpose of this bachelor thesis is to define the economic diplomacy of Slovakia and to characterize its targets and mission in the economy of Slovakia. The work first theoretically describes the economic diplomacy and its historical background. The second part is focused on the selected instruments of economic diplomacy and their activities and contribution to Slovak economy. The last chapter is devoted to the economic diplomacy in the perspective of the balance of trade and its economic impact on the macroeconomic indicators.
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The Role and Position of the Revolutionary Union Organisation in the Economy of Czechoslovakia in the 1980s
Wolf, Vojtěch ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The paper's objective is to analyze the work of the Revolutionary Union Organization (ROH) in the Czechoslovak economy of the 1980s. The basic thesis of the paper is the assumption that ROH bodies preferred the interests of the representatives of the Czechoslovak Communist Party to those of workers. The relationship is analyzed on the basis of the employment legislation of the time and the impact of the union organization in its drafting. The paper also examines the contribution of the union organization in the course of the revolutionary changes in Czechoslovak society in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The analysis is based on a critique of sources from that era and a comparison of the role of the ROH in the 1980s and the role of the unions during Prague Spring. On the basis of the objectives set for this paper, the conclusion is that the ROH did have an impact on the work lives of working people, but its leadership lacked funds and, above all, the willingness to effectively protect the interests of working people. Hence, until December 1989, the ROH remained an organization serving, above all, the interests of the Communist Party.
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Economics of Biased Estimation
Drvoštěp, Tomáš ; Špecián, Petr (advisor) ; Tříska, Dušan (referee)
This thesis investigates optimality of heuristic forecasting. According to Goldstein a Gigerenzer (2009), heuristics can be viewed as predictive models, whose simplicity is exploiting the bias-variance trade-off. Economic agents learning in the context of rational expectations (Marcet a Sargent 1989) employ, on the contrary, complex models of the whole economy. Both of these approaches can be perceived as an optimal response complexity of the prediction task and availability of observations. This work introduces a straightforward extension to the standard model of decision making under uncertainty, where agents utility depends on accuracy of their predictions and where model complexity is moderated by regularization parameter. Results of Monte Carlo simulations reveal that in complicated environments, where few observations are at disposal, it is beneficial to construct simple models resembling heuristics. Unbiased models are preferred in more convenient conditions.
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Cost-benefit analysis – Moral in economy
Černohouz, Daniel ; Brabec, Jan (advisor) ; Sálus, Jiří (referee)
The subject of the bachelor thesis is cost benefit analysis and its ethical origin. Theoretical part presents ethical and philosophical movement of utilitarianism together with its main representatives. After that the bachelor thesis is dedicated to cost benefit analysis, whose basis is closely connected to utilitarianism logic and its way of value perception. Theoretical part is also devoted to the methodology of this particular decision-making instrument, which is widely used by governments and corporations. Practical part is focused on the relations between utilitarian way of thinking and the cost benefit analysis, which was used in existing practical studies devoted to the impact of smoking on the public finance of the Czech Republic.
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Transatlantic Economic Relations in a Changing Global Economy
Antal, Jarolím ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Neumann, Pavel (referee) ; Fárek, Jiří (referee) ; Dvořáček, Josef (referee)
This thesis focuses on analysis of the shifting role of the state in the context of globalization processes and aims to explain acting of the state in a bilateral cooperation, as an actor who faces these challenges. This framework is afterwards examined on the transatlantic economic cooperation. Main argument is, that in the bilateral cooperation, such shifts can be observed, that are intertwined with greater interactions of components of the states. These transgovernmental networks can be considered inevitable in response to the rising significance of non-tariff barriers and in trade liberalization. In case of the EU-US partnership, the cooperation on this level is focused on harmonizing of regulatory measures what is crucial for further integration of the transatlantic economic relations.
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Analýza rakouské teorie hospodářského cyklu z pohledu komplexní ekonomie
Lanzafame, Alessandra ; Bernat, Lukáš (advisor) ; Pavlík, Ján (referee)
This thesis analyzes the Austrian business cycle theory (ABCT) from the Complexity Economics approach. Complexity Economics is an approach which comes from the complexity science. It has started to develop since 1980s' in Santa Fe Institute, the leading institution engaging in the research of complexity. In the thesis I mention the terms which are bound to Complexity Economics, for example emergence, the "bottom-up", self-organization, bounded rationality etc. The evolution of the markets, networks and nonlinear dynamics are included in Complexity Economics as well. Complexity Economics views an economy as a dynamical system which never reaches the equilibrium unlike the Traditional Economics approach which main focus is on the general equilibrium of the economy. Another difference would be the way of modelling economies in which Complexity Economics is leaving the unrealistic assumptions because it utilizes the agent-based simulations which enable to do that. In the thesis I also focus on the similarities between Austrian and Complexity Economics, for example the heterogeneity of the agents or the emergence of the price system. These and others similarities are then applied in the analysis of ABCT which serves as an example of demonstration that Austrian Economics could provide the theoretical framework for Complexity Economics which aspires to become a new paradigm in economics.
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The coins of the soldier emperors in the collection of the Charles University
Lužický, David ; Musil, Jiří (referee) ; Marek, Václav (advisor)
The thesis Coins of the soldier emperors in the Collection of the Charles University is drawn up as a two-peiced study. First part of the study relates to the history, striking of the coinage, iconography and economy of the period under consideration. Historical events from 235 to 284 AD are briefly outlined, mentioned are also the extraordinary state formations, which arose after 260 AD. Further is described the grow of the mints in provinces, grow of the mint production, iconography and typical features of particular mints. In the passage relates to economy are described particular nominals, their gradual debasement, including the impact of these steps on the monetary system and the Aurelian's reform. Outlined are the revenues and expenses of the state budget and their estimation for the 3rd century AD based on grow of the soldiery salary. The second part of the thesis is created by the catalogue of 558 coins of the soldier emperors. Evaluation of the processed material is carried out in form of charts and graphs. The catalogue is composed by virtue of modern processes by use of the literature commonly used in the foreign publications. The notes of the catalogue mainly records inconsistency between the processed material and literature, only in four cases, where the inconsistencies are considerable, had...
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