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Influence of social politics on fertility rate in specific regions of Czech republic
Dvořák, Josef ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
Thesis is focused on relationship between fertility rate and tools of state support. The goal is to reveal relationship between these two factors. Partial goal is to discover specific effects of tools of state support in specific regions of Czech republic. I have aimed on research at national level and also specific regions between years 1993-2014. In order to find these relationships I used method that compares differences in development of the fertility rate. After that, I set up regression model solved by method called fixed effects. For specific regions analysis was used OLS method. Model was able to explain more than 80 % of variability. This results can be used for predicting of citizens behavior, when some changes in family allowances occurs. Main finding is, that most motivating tools are parenting allowances and child benefits.
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Differences between men and women in the Czech labour market
Stroukal, Dominik ; Kadeřábková, Božena (advisor) ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Němec, Otakar (referee)
This thesis consists of five articles that apply current world research on labor economics at the Czech Republic and confirms the significant differences between men and women in this market. It shows that gender has a significant influence on the preference on the labor market and, consequently, on employment and health. First, the thesis shows that preferences are relevant determinant of career and then we study the difference in preference of salary for men and women. Subsequently it shows that gender plays a significant role in explaining the relationship between homeownership, and unemployment, as well as unemployment and health. The first chapter was able to demonstrate that the preference for a career has a positive influence on the choice of career. The influence of higher education on prioritizing career proved to be positive and significant. Probability of a career choice is reduced by the presence of children, however, is not dependent on their number, which is contrary to the theory of preferences. The second chapter shows that Czech women prefer more non-monetary rewards than men. It has also been shown that people with university education are same in the preferences of non-monetary rewards regardless of the gender of the respondents, however, compared to the world's research, the Czech higher education increases this preference. It turned out that women prefer risk less than men. The third chapter demonstrates that although the housing market undermines labor mobility and employment in the Czech Republic at the regional level, therefore, that in regions with a higher rate of home ownership is higher unemployment, at the individual level, the owners of housing are unemployed are less likely. The estimates are significantly different for men and women. Men living in owner-occupied housing have a higher likelihood of employment than women. At regional level, however, this thesis shows that the high rate of home ownership increases unemployment for both men and women, in the long run only to women. The fourth chapter showed that men transition to homeownership reduces the likelihood of unemployment next year. For women, this relationship has proved to be insignificant. In addition, as insignificant showed the opposite relationship, the transition from unemployment to the newly acquired home ownership. The last chapter shows that the change in the working status to unemployment will increase in the future probability of worse health. Influence in less than two years, however, proved to be significant. An important conclusion is that men have a significantly stronger relationship between health and unemployment than women.
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Home care versus institutional care for seniors from the perspective of nursing
SLÁDEČKOVÁ, Petra
For many years, great attention has been devoted to the care of the elderly due to global aging of population. Almost all people want to spend their old age at home in their environment. This idea is supported by many experts who deal with the issue of old age and point to the advantages that it entails for both the senior and for the society. Therefore, it is paradox that many old people are placed in various health and social care facilities despite a wide range of various external services that enable seniors to stay in their home environment. That is why this master thesis aims to compare the nursing care provided to elderly people in their home environment with the care provided in institutions, both from perspective of a nurse who provides the care and from perspective of the elderly person or members of their family. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part focuses on explaining the old age and the changes that come along with the old age. It also points out how old age is perceived in contemporary society. Further, it deals with different types of senior care that is most frequently divided into family, health and social care. The practical part is focused directly on individual families of seniors who live at home supported with home care, and to families who have a member in the department for the chronically ill (DCI). In the practical part I also focused on nursing staff, particularly nurses who come into contact with the seniors every day. A qualitative research method was used for the research survey. The technique of in-depth interview was used for data collection. The first part of the research group consisted of nurses working in DCI and nurses working in home care. The second part of the group consisted of seniors who reside in DCI and their families and the elderly who use home care services and their families. Interviews with the nurses, seniors and their families are divided into individual categories: awareness, reason for placement to DCI, satisfaction with the care provided, the advantages and disadvantages of home care/DCI, differences in care in DCI and at home, in foods and drinks, positioning and incidence of pressure sores, hygiene, administering medicines, re-bandaging, in bowel habits, behavior of staff/family, facilities for a senior. The investigation shows that families consider hospital care and home care to be very good, but it can be seen that home care nurses enjoy greater trust of the family and have much closer relationship than those in a hospital. Both groups of nurses think that the care they provide is of high quality and professional, but point to the lack of funding that a hospital and a home care agency have. A very surprising fact emerged that families that have an elderly person in institutional care are eager for the placement since they believe that they would not be able to care of them properly themselves. The investigation cannot clearly assess which type of care is best because both methods have their positives and downsides for every party involved and there are different variables, such as the health condition of the elderly, their family or social background. Quantitative research over a longer period of time would be required for thorough mapping of the entire situation which could monitor the provided care in the long run and also take into account the above variables that may change over time.
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Relationship to the environment and the behavior of households - May 2014
Nováková, Jana
In May 2014 Public Opinion Research Centre in the context of its investigation examined the Czech public attitudes towards the environment. This block was also included questions regarding friendly behavior towards the environment. Specifically, it was examined whether people are interested an plenty of information on how to gently treat the environment, and also, what is the frequency of selected environmentally-friendly activities.
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"Contribution of tourism to the regional development - a case study of the Labe bike path"
Kopřivová, Eva ; Majerová, Věra (advisor) ; Petra, Petra (referee)
In order to fulfill goals of the thesis, representatives of the studied subjects were informally interviewed and provisions were suggested for more efficient use of the bike path potential.
The thesis investigates benefits of the new bike path Hradec Králové,Josefov, Kuks for the area of travel business in a relationship to surrounding subjects. In order to fulfill goals of the empirical part of the work, in theoretical part it was necessary to study relevant regulations and professional literature that comes out of theoretical fundamentals of knowledge, context and mutual relationships in the area of travel business. Further the author has studied relevant regulations and professional literature in the area of regional politics and bike transportation.
The transition between theoretical and empirical part constitutes of secondary analysis of the data on subjects surrounding the bike path. Through the secondary data the author could categorize studied subjects to the groups of municipalities, enterprise subjects and attractions.
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The Developments of the Rentier State Model in Saudi Arabia
Tomaštík, Karel ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
Saudi Arabia, along with other Gulf oil monarchies, represents an original politico- economic system. Huge revenues in the form of oil rent, flowing to the Treasury since the oil boom in the early 70's, have fundamentally changed the socio-economic structure, which was in literature termed the rentier state. The origin, development and description of typical characteristics of rentier state are the main topic of this thesis. The first section discusses the theoretical foundations and approaches to the issue. The second chapter provides a historical background in order to position the study in the context of previous political, economic and ideological development. In an analysis of the formation of state structures, the work deals with the relationships between members of the ruling house of Saud, between the government and social elites, with functioning of clientelist structures and interactions within the bureaucratic apparatus. Based on the study of these relationships the thesis marks out particularities of the Saudi politico-economic system that distinguish it from the classical concept of rentier state model. The main distinctive feature is the diminished autonomous ability of state to regulate the functioning of state institutions and to encourage individual agencies to cooperate actively...
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Seniors in the eyes of the young generation members
Zemková, Petra ; Zagata, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kučerová, Eva (referee)
The thesis deals with the young generation´s view of the old age period. The theoretical part of work is devoted to the issues of ageing and the old age. The changes associated with the ageing process are described there and the demographic trends of ageing population and the situation in the Czech Republic are also mentioned. Emphasis is given to the specification, formation and transformation of generations over a period of time. In the chapter called ´Generation gap relationships´, points of view of both the young and the elderly are described, together with the ageism phenomenon and mutual solidarity. The following chapters of the theoretical part are devoted to generation gap conflicts and communication. Qualitative research, aiming to discover how young generation members view the old age and elderly people, is carried out in the practical part of thesis. The qualitative research deals with the four main topics: elderly people definition through the eyes of young, young generation´s characterization of the old age, the status of elderly people in the Czech society viewed by the young generation and mutual generation gap relationships in the family frame. Qualitative research was carried out by means of semi-structured interviews with informers belonging to the young generation. In the practical part of thesis, relationships between the young and the elderly generation are detaily scrutinized.
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Political Aspects of Municipal Authorities- Case study of Town district Prague 10
Vinš, Martin ; Kopřiva, Radek (advisor) ; Kobzev Kotásková, Sylvie (referee)
Althought many renowned political scientists, sociologists and economists are concerned with voting behavior of electorate on the national level the study of voting behavior on the municipal level paradoxically remains marginalized. The main objective of this Bacher thesis is to use one of the models of voting behavior, which is used to interpret voting of electorate on the national level to communal level and assess its meaningful ability. Selected area for this study is Town district Prague 10 and choosen concept of voting behavior is model of party identification. Partial main objective of this Bacher thesis is also to find out if there is some kind of relationship between an extent of party identification and socioeconomical factors affecting voters of this town district. Elemental socioeconomical factors, which size of impact is observed in this Bacher are sex, age, level of education, economic status and religion.
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Obchodní a politické vztahy mezi Českou republikou a zeměmi Latinské Ameriky
Rýcová, Zuzana ; Urban, Traian (advisor) ; Kadeřábková, Jaroslava (referee)
Main objective of the thesis is to evaluate trade and political relations between the Czech Republic and selected countries in Latin America (selected countries will be those with strongest ties to the Czech Republic). Hypothesis: Trade and political relations between Czech Republic and Latin American Countries are well developing in the course of the time. Latin-American region provides a great potential for future cooperation. Emphasis will be targeted on the assessment of business conditions (including bilateral agreements on mutual trade), further on the most important export commodities and investment opportunities. At the same time, the work will attempt to estimate the level of potential of Latin American territory and further direction of mutual relationships. The research will contain a questionnaire for Czech entrepreneurs operating in Latin America and a thorough analysis of mutual trade will be given. Unfortunately, this subject is not documented with a large number of printed books, therefore, the key source of information will be databases and statistical information published by state institutions (Chamber of Deputies, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Industry and Trade, etc.). Bibliography: [1] AGUIAR DE MEDEIROS, C. (2011): The Political Economy of Institutional Change and Economic Development in Latin American Economies. Journal of Economic Issues, Vol. XLV, No. 2 (June 2011), DOI: 10.2753/JEI0021-3624450205, pg. 289 - 299 [2] Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic: Report on Relationships between the Czech Republic and Latin American Countries and the Role of the Chamber of Deputies in this Process (2010). [3] CHRISTIAN, S. (1997): Latin American Trade Relations. Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, Vol. 39, No. 1, Special Issue: US-Latin American Relations (Spring, 1997), pp. 71 - 83 [4] GÓMEZ-MERA, L. -- BARRETT, B. (2012): The Political Economic of Preferential Trade Agreements: Latin America and Beyond. DOI: 10.1111/j.1548-2456.2012.00147.x. Available at: http://miami.academia.edu/LauraGomezmera/Papers/35945 /The_Political_Economy_of_Preferential_Trade_Agreements_Latin_America_and_Beyond [5] GRINBERG, N. (2010): Where Is Latin American Going? FTAA or "Twenty-first-Century Socialism"?. Latin American Perspective 2010. DOI: 10.1177/0094582X09351713, pg. 185 - 202 [6] SHADLEN, K.C. (2006): Latin American Trade and Development in the New International Economy. Latin American Research Review, Vol. 41, No.3 (2006), pg. 210 - 267
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