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Model malé otevřené ekonomiky a možnost komplexnějšího dynamického chování
Kodera, J. ; Sladký, Karel ; Vošvrda, Miloslav
The purpose of this paper is study a three-equation dynamic model. The first equation describes commodity market. The second one demonstrates the dynamics of money market and the third equation is the interest rate parity. The task is to investigate the conditions of more complex behaviour of the model and its dependence on the money stock. The more complex dynamic behaviour, i.e., limit cycle, could appear by adding nonlinear perturbations in the investment demand function.
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Is import of goods from european countries to Czech republic more or less influenced by changes in nominal and real exchange rates than in non european countries?
Vereš, Jan ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the connection between import of goods from foreign countries to Czech Republic and the exchange rate changes. The initial hypothesis of this paper is to prove that the depreciation of domestic currency has positive influence on balance of trade balance. For this purpose there is eight econometric models which were created by using time series from years 2003 to 2016. These models are divided in pairs among four chosen countries. For each country two models were created that follow the development of trade balance between Czech Republic and one of the countries in two different time frames. All the models always use the real effective exchange rate, growth rate of GDP for Czech Republic and growth rate of GDP for one of the countries as explanatory variable. It is connected with the second task of this thesis, which is the analysis of the differences in the behaviour of the models that belong to the countries which are members of the EU and these that are not. The aim is to find out whether the existence of tariffs on imported goods from countries out of the EU causes visible differences in the behaviour of the variables that were included in the models. Based on the outcomes of all eight models the main hypothesis has been proved right for three out of four countries. In the models for Germany, China and France the relation of real exchange rate and trade balance came out as positive in long term, in short term the outcome was ambiguous. The second question of this thesis has been answered, but its added value is questionable. The final models for each state do show some noticeable differences and they can be used to determine if the influence of the change of exchange rates on trade balance is smaller or bigger in the countries where tariffs are used. On the other hand, from the results we can learn that the sample of only four countries is insufficient for the deduction of any conclusions.
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Numerical analysis of a surface crack propagation in protective layers
Majer, Zdeněk
The paper contains a numerical analysis of a surface crack propagation in an elastic surface layer. It was analysed an influence of elastic material parameters of both system components, initial length and orientation of crack on fatigue crack propagation direction. The typical behaviour of crack propagation in thin layers was described. The finite element method for determination of the direction of the farther crack propagation was used.
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Financial impacts of the economic crisis on Czech festivals of classical music
Jelínek, Jakub ; Riedlbauch, Václav (advisor) ; Mikan, Pavel (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to map and interpret the financial impacts of the economic crisis on a selected group of classical music cultural events by describing the influence of the possible decline in financial resources on their output and efficiency. The first part of the thesis presents the theoretical basis of culture financing and cultural policy in the Czech Republic and sums up the fundamental economic theories of the behaviour of economy during economic crisis, thus providing a starting point for further interpretation of the performance of these organizations. The second part of this thesis comprises qualitative research of possible variables on a representative sample of classical music festivals. The research is carried out through a content analysis of their annual reports and a secondary analysis of other data provided by relevant institutions. The final section of the thesis attempts to evaluate the impact of the economic crisis on the cultural sector, to confirm or disprove the initial premises and to evaluate generally the financial stability of the Czech classical music festivals.
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Creep Behaviour of Aluminium after Severe Plastic Deformation (ECAP)
Král, Petr ; Dvořák, Jiří ; Svoboda, Milan ; Sklenička, Václav
In this work the behaviour of ECAP aluminium with different number of passes at the creep tests was studied. The data indicated that an increase fraction of high angle boundaries has a strong effect on the creep properties of ECAP aluminium which can be explained by extensive grain boundary sliding contributing to the total creep deformation. However, the samples of ECAP aluminium with the identical number of ECAP passes showed significant differences of creep properties. The observed scatter in the creep behaviour is probably a direct consequence of different microstructures in the as-pressed state after ECAP.
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Influence of Microstructure Changes on the Mechanical Behaviour of Aluminium Processed by ECAP Method
Král, Petr ; Dvořák, Jiří ; Svoboda, Milan ; Sklenička, Václav
Extremely coarse – grained aluminium (99.99 %) was subjected to severe plastic deformation (Equal-Channel Angular Pressing) at room temperature. The properties of the ECAP material may considerably differ from properties of material with a standard coarse grain size. The largest changes of microstructure take place during the first four ECAP passes. Thus, the microstructure after twelve passes consists of roughly equiaxed grains (~m) with high fraction of high angle boundaries (~70%). In this work the behaviour of ECAP material with different number of passes at the tensile and creep tests has been studied. It is shown that ECAP aluminum provides a significant increase of the ultimate strength, however, there is low strain hardening during tensile deformation. The creep resistance of aluminum increased considerably already after one ECAP pass. However, repetitive ECAP pressing lead to a noticeable degrease in the creep properties. ECAP microstructure was examined in terms of the inhomogeneity. The results indicate that an inhomogeneity of the ECAP microstructure may influence the creep behaviour of the ECAP material.
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Reliability assessment of bodies with general singular stress concentrator
Klusák, Jan
The paper presents a method leading to reliability assessment of bodies with general singular stress concentrator. The method uses combination of analytical and numerical procedures to determine fracture-mechanics parameters. The approach is based on comparison of fracture behaviour of body with a crack and a body with a general singular stress concentrator. The goal of the paper is to determine value of applied stress that leads to initiation of failure of construction.
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