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Evaluation of the effectiveness of prevention of tobacco smoking in secondary schools in the district Strakonice
HOCHOVÁ, Tereza
This thesis deals with the issue of smoking. It is a serious global problem. Illnesses and death associated with smoking are among the most important problems of Public health in most countries. The risk of damage threatens not only to active smokers but also those who are exposed to passive smoking. Abuse of tobacco is clearly linked to cardiovascular diseases, cancer and other serious diseases. Most smokers begin to smoke no longer in secondary schools. According to Kalina (2003) is modus 14 years. Therefore, preventive activities must be realized before this period. School (outside of family and peers) affects education, attitudes and values of the student. Compulsory school attendance does from primary schools ideal environment for implementation preventive activities. That is reason why I wanted to know if and how well schools use an education as a means of primary prevention. Theoretical part contains the terminology associated with tobacco issues, further a history of tobacco and methods of tobacco and nicotine use. The following chapters provide information of substances contained in cigarettes, selected diseases, prevention, legislation, cessation and withdrawal symptoms and methods of quitting. I used a quantitative method for research in the practical part. Respondents were selected from among pupils from primary schools of Strakonice. At each of the schools in Strakonice I addressed to 50 pupils. First half of them were educated and second half were not. Two hundred of students were interviewed together. I discarded two questionnaires. Total quantity of respondents was 198 students. Questionnaire contained 20 questions, which was designed for students of second grade of elementary school. I set three targets. The main target was to map the problem of smoking among pupils of primary schools in Strakonice, evaluate the impact of education on the knowledge of the respondents and ascertain the views of students on the quality of education. Research has shown that the prevalence of smokers among students of second grade of elementary school in Strakonice is lower than prevalence by GYTS. Older pupils (who were educated) smoke to the greater extent (15.3 %) than younger (uneducated) pupils (6 % smokers). More than 70 % of smokers want to quit the smoking. Almost 26 % of respondents tolerate smoking of other people. Impact of education was assessed by the knowledge part of the questionnaire. It contained eight questions with a choice of four answers, only one was correct. The quality of information obtained in the school, most pupils assessed as good or marginal. These three hypotheses were created: the prevalence of smokers among respondents is higher with higher age, there is a statistically significant difference in knowledge of the issue of smoking between educated and uneducated pupils, and school provides respondents more information than other sources. For statistical verification was used the chi-square test at a significance level of 5 %. The first and second hypothesis was confirmed. A third hypothesis was refuted. Most pupils answered: media (television, internet...), school and family. The quantity of answers was balanced and so we can't talk about a statistically significant difference. Survey has enabled me to become a teacher for two hours. I was able teach sixth grade pupils in the issue of smoking. I have gotten so complex idea about the role of education in primary prevention. I was also convinced that it is necessary to grasp the issue from the perspective of pupil, not teacher. The theoretical part of the thesis can serve as educational material for students, teachers and the public. The practical part can be used to compare the results with other works or to monitor trends of smoking in Strakonice.
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Analýza současného stavu silničních stromořadí vybraného okresu - Benešov
Zikmund, Lukáš
The alleys and the tree lines accompanied mankind throughout the journey of his history. During the reign of Maria Theresa alleys experienced the largest expansion, until the alleys have become over time a typical feature of the Czech landscape. Although they are an integral part of the roads in the Czech Republic, they are a frequently despise and leave to their fate without any maintenance nowadays. For this reason, this thesis, with the title "An Analysis Of The Current Situation Of The Road Alleys Selected District -- Benešov", engages of mapping the current situation and the composition of the alleys along the roads I, II and III classes in the district Benešov. There was rated the representation of individual species of trees in the alleys, the types of alleys, species composition, a number of rows, further the completeness, the location and maintenance of the surrounding areas of all the alleys. On the base of ascertain the data, it is possible to determine, in what the condition the road alleys are, which problems we are the most frequently encounter with, and how they will develop in the future.
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Mnichovo Hradiště 1866-1895. Daily life of the small town in the second half of 19th century.
Procházková, Lenka ; Pokorná, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Hlavačka, Milan (referee)
The diploma thesis outlines the history of the small district town in the second half of the 19th century from a political (government, local government, modernization), economical (transport, especially railways, industrial development) and cultural (socials, social activities, theatre, festivities) point of view. Attention is paid to social, national and religious problems and education. Included are also some portraits of the most prominent personalities of the town. Special Attention is paid to Austro-Prussian war (conflict between Austria and Prussia) in 1866 and on the impact of this exceptional event on people and life in the town. The work is based on archival materials stored in State district archive in Mladá Boleslav and Mnichovo Hradiště Municipal museum, local chronicles, handwritten memories of the local citizens and contemporary regoinal newspapers were taken into account as well as historical works of a synthetic character.
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Analysis of ICT tools supporting Social Learning
Brychta, Ondřej ; Šedivá, Zuzana (advisor) ; Pour, Jan (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis is to demonstrate interconnection of information and communication technologies with psychosocial aspect of the individual. The bachelor thesis is focused on ICT tools, which support social learning with their functions. In the beginning of theoretical part the concepts of social learning and socialization are described. The following describes the theories of social learning by their first protagonists. The thesis also describes the new media, provides a definition of the term social networks and presents their history and distribution. This is followed by an analysis of selected ICT tools, which support social learning. Graphic overview of the use of computers and the internet provides statistics of ČSÚ. At the end of theoretical part are reflected changes, that come with ICT tools. They are manifested in the way of communication and the possibility of appointing behavioral models from the virtual world. The practical part contains the results of the survey. The target group of this survey was primarily the younger generation, in which the personality of individual is still developing and that is why the use of this ICT tools has a significant impact on their social learning.
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Building of light fortification in Orlické hory
Formánek, Ivo ; Kuklík, Jan (referee) ; Kvaček, Robert (advisor)
This essay called Bui1ding of light fortification in Orlicke hory describes not only one chapter on building of Czechoslovak fortification from 1935 to 1938, but it also bring closer bui1ding of this defensive system as one entity and make better knowledge about regional history. First part describes building of light fortification mk. 37 in Orlicke hory and for lucidity is divided into chapters according to single building sectors. Bui1ding of each one is described from competition for its building to the end ofworks in September 1938. This essay also treat of problems during bui1ding. In second part are included chapters treating groups of people, who took a share in bui1ding of fortification, Ol' this activity touched them. In this part is described work of mi1itary bui1ding supervisors, workers working on fortification and life of people in the neighbourhood offortresses. In the end was insert chapter about preparations on fortresses defence in Orlicke hory.
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Demographic analysis of the Hradec Králové region
Škvrnová, Olga ; Dotlačilová, Petra (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the Hradec Králové region in 2013. The first chapter covers the history and the characterization of the area. Further, the thesis uses demographic processes and methods which were employed for the purposes of this analysis. The second part consists of demographic analysis of the Czech Republic in 2013 and its comparison with the districts of the region Hradec Králové using data from the Czech Statistical Office official web pages. The analysis is presented with the help of population structure, the natural and net migration, marriage and divorce rate. The next chapter deals with the population projection which results in the ageing trend of the population. That is why the important social services for seniors are described in the chapter as well. Such services are not sufficient in the present days and one will have to solve this problem in the future.
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Monitoring of raccoon dog aktivity in Opava
Staněk, Petr ; Kušta, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ježek, Miloš (referee)
This work deals with invasive predator racoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). It is a comprehensive work consisting of general information about its history and later spread to the whole Word, etology and biology as information collected on the basis of thousands of images and hundreds of videos from scout camera located close to natural burrow at Opava in the hunting district hunting club in Hlavnice. The emphasis here is primarily on the course of the day and night activities throughout the year, food preferences, coexistence with other kinds of beasts and ways of dealing with stressful situations. During the observation we were found that his peak of activity was among the sunrise and the second one lately after sunset. Cohabitation with badger is also possible. As for food preferences we realized that racoon dog did not prioritize any kind of food and eat everything what we gave to him.
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The Development of Local Government in the Municipality of Chanovice
Pivodová, Markéta ; Kubálek, Michal (advisor) ; Daniela, Daniela (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of the village Chanovice located in the Pilsen region on the western edge of the Klatovy district. It has six local districts, whose history is introduced. Part called Development of demographic shows regressive development of the population and its movement. The urban structure characterizes the appearance of the village and information on economic activity added perspective on employment in the region. In following part is presented the structure of the Municipal Authority, including councilors and mayor, who are the key players in local politics and thus indicate the direction in the development of the municipality. We can also look into the municipal budget in a simple summary of revenues and expenses. A considerable role in small villages is played by local communities and associations, of which there are countless in Chanovice and thus there are presented just those they have the greatest influence on the running of the village. The important part is the performance of political actors and description of each electoral period starting after the revolution in 1990 to 2014. In this part are mentioned some conflicts with which the Municipality meets and face them. Most information was obtained from semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with representatives of local political movements and former local politicians, and based on the method of understanding interview then interpreted in this thesis.
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The Structure and Development of Criminality of Romany Population in Prachatice Region During 1995-2005.
PANGL, Jaroslav
The thesis deals with an analysis of the structure and development of criminality of Romany population in Prachatice region during 1995 - 2005. The theoretical part includes a brief summary of history of the relationship between the Romany minority{\crq}s and majority population in Czech countries and a demographic analysis of Prachatice region related to Romany minority. It also characterizes specificity of criminality as a pathological social phenomenon and analyses some aspects of criminality committed by Romany minority. The practical part includes an analysis of the structure and development of criminality of Romany and majority populations in Prachatice region from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2005; as shown in police statistics of the District Headquarters of Police of the Czech Republic, Prachatice. The analysis of Romany criminality in Prachatice region shows that this sort of ethnic criminality has not got any distinct specificity in this region which would separate such a perceived type of criminality from the development and structure of criminality of minority population living in this region.
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