|
Suggestion for prevention methods in the field of tax criminal offences of non-entrepreneurial persons
JIRAN, Petr
This thesis deals with prevention of tax offences by non-entrepreneurial individuals. The reason behind this is increasing criminality of people who commit such offences mainly from ignorance of tax law and substantive law of tax regulations and at the same time the absence of any basic training manuals for this information-disadvantaged group of people. This thesis describes the usual cases of tax offences committed by the public sector, while attention is paid to the crime prevention. The aim of this thesis is to develop a comprehensive guide for people without specific knowledge in the field of taxation, which defines procedures for crime prevention and possible penalties for failure to comply with tax obligations.
|
|
Post-penitentiary treatment and prevention of recidivism
Hrnčíř, Luděk ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
RÉSUMÉ The work presented is a Master thesis completed at the Criminal law department under theLaw faculty of the Charles' University. It deals with recidivism, its causes and prerequisites of its occurrence. Preventive activities in the Czech republic are also a part of this project. Emphasis is put especially ontertiary preventive activities, namely working with people who have commited crime before. Postpenitential care plays an important role here, especially the problems of returning the convicted person into normal life. For synoptic reasons, the text also contains the overview of the Czech legal regulations, especially the standards of the criminal law. The standards of the social security law, which determine the system made by the state for people exposed to social exclusion, are also dealt with here. Apart from the national legislative, the international regulations are also mentioned here, although they are rather informal recommendations of the EU. A special chapter is devoted to Czech prison system. Conditions in Czech jails are described as well as programme set up for dealing with prisoners and also the difficulties of so called exit departments. The most important part of the thesis contains information about the state and opportunities of the postpenitential care. These problems occur in...
|
|
Working with prisoners and the formation of standardized programs
Bajcura, Lubomír ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Sochůrek, Jan (referee) ; Černíková, Vratislava (referee)
In the year 2007 for the Prison Service of the Czech Republic the new treatment program for offenders of commercially motivated sexual abuse of children became preferred. Community is very focused on this area of criminality. In 2007 there were 1 205 of abuse of children. Getting over the long-standing taboo has criminological consequences, which has been confirmed by records on sexual abuse and maltreatment in personal files of dangerous offenders. Therefore, special treatment with offenders of sexual abuse of children represents part of the fight against the most serious criminality and contributes to protection to the most vulnerable members of our community. Commercially motivated sexual abuse of children has been frequently accomplished through a third person that uses pressure or violence on a child. That is why offenders deny their guilt before both the community and their own conscience. The standardized program should guide an offender towards recognition of reasons and consequences of his/her criminal activities. The research part of this thesis concentrates on how the program is perceived by both the offenders and the realization team. The huge potential of the educational part of the program, where facts and theoretical information on the specific criminal activities play the formative role, was...
|
| |
|
The protection of the injured person and the victim in the criminal proceedings
Janoušek, Martin ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
THE PROTECTION OF THE INJURED PERSON AND THE VICTIM IN THE CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS - ABSTRACT The content of this thesis is a definition of the term "injured person" in the sense of procedural party of the criminal proceedings and of the term "victim of the criminal act" in the sense of subject that is being defined by other legislation than by the Criminal Procedure Code. In the introductory chapter of this thesis the reader will be learnt the status of the injured person in the criminal proceedings (not only) in our country from the historical perspective. Thereafter he/she will be clarified the term "injured person" and simultaneously will be learnt a catalog of permissions the injured person is being granted by the Criminal Procedure Code. Separate chapter is devoted to the victim of the criminal act. In this chapter the reader will be learnt in particular international documents and regulations of the European Union which are being devoted to this term whereas a part of this chapter is also devoted to the existing legislation in the Czech Republic. In this thesis is also possible to learn, at least in general, legislation in neighboring countries. In conclusion the thesis is guided by considerations on possible future changes in legislation concerning the status of the injured person and the victim.
|
|
Youth criminality prevention in the Czech Republic
Lhotová, Jana ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee) ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor)
This study focuses on the prevention of juvenile delinquency in the Czech Republic while defining the best possible means for an individual to achieve positive socialization and develop protection against anti-social behavior. The study is divided into two sections - theoretical and analytical. The first section aims to: describe criminal prevention strategies and their philosophy and goals; present different methodologies for prevention; and define target groups. It also gives an account of objective and subjective factors that may influence anti-social behavior in youth, since it is proven that particular characteristics of the social environment or personality can increase the likelihood of committing a crime. The core of this theoretical study includes an overview of criminological theories, which seek to reveal the roots of criminal behavior. Also described is the evolution of salient ideas in this sociological framework, which form the basis for criminological theory, along with a summary of biosocial and psychological theories. A special focus is on the Social Control Theory and General Theory of Crime published by T. Hirschi and M. Gottfredson in the 90's, considered to be the most complex and relevant theories of social prevention due to their emphasis on the correlation of individual and social...
|
|
Methods of investigation of sexual crimes (selected issues)
Vargová, Jana ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Štourač, Petr (referee)
The Methodology of Investigation of Sexual Criminal Offences (selected issues) Summary The assigned topis of the diploma thesis is methodology of investigation of sexual crime acts. With regard to the fact that the area of morality delinquency is too extensive, I have focused on methodology of investigation of the criminal offences of rape and sexual abuse in my thesis, because I assume that these two offences belong to the most serious and the most dangerous crimes, and from the point of view of investigation also the most complicated and the most difficult, not only in the sexual sphere, but at the same time among all crimes known to the present valid law at all. These criminal offences represent a deep and serious intrusion upon the fundamental rights and freedoms, i.e. especially to the personal freedom and human dignity of a person affected by such crime, and having very serious consequences on the physical and psychical integrity of a man, leaving long-term consequences, often even lifelong traumatic consequences in the life of the victim. In the first part of my diploma thesis, after a historical excursion and legal regulation of the crimes, I deal especially with the criminalist characteristics of criminal offences of rape and sexual abuse. As it is obvious from the whole diploma thesis, the main...
|
|
The comparisson of the foreign policy of Madeleine Albright and Condoleezza Rice in the field of the International Criminal Tribunals
Láníková, Hana ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Matějka, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis compares the foreign policy of Madeleine Albright and Condoleezza Rice in the field of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda. The first chapter describes and compares the situations that led to the creation of the tribunals and their foundation. The second chapter characterizes and compares the foreign policy of the United States at the turn of 20th and 21st century in these regions. The third and fourth chapter compare the approach of both foreign ministers on the issue, primarily based on personal and political interests. Both chapters include the position of the administration in which the two women acted and their attitude and activities towards the tribunals. The aim is to compare coherently the approach of both ministers towards the tribunals during various administrations and US interests.
|
|
The Communication of the Town Kouřim with the Court of Appeals, 1548-1568
Čadová, Hana ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Hausenblasová, Jaroslava (referee)
The subject of the submitted dissertation is to pursue the mutual communication between the royal town of Kouřim and the cour of appeal established as a new instance for appeal for the time of the first twenty years of its existence that is 1548 - 1568. Documents of their bilateral communication are divided into two parts first are the own decisions of the court of appeal placed on record as copies in the books of the court of appeal - the socalled presidential registration or the socalled secretary s registration and the socalled legal manual (in the deposit of the Found of the Court of appeal in the National Archive) second they are in the collection of original judgements filed in the Archive of the National Museum - Topografical collection F. Decision acqired from these sources are analysed and their contents are examined on proportional presence of civil criminal and lawsuits as well as the number of appeals in the particular years and the way the court of appeal made its decision. The second part is represented by own letters supported mainly by the fragment of Kouřim registration in 1565 - 1569. They were also examined from the diplomatic standpoint of view on their contents and the person of iniciátor The continuation is dealing with matters in connection with decisions made by couts of...
|
|
A historical view of the army nurse profession.
PAVLÍKOVÁ, Andrea
The thesis deals with the profession of a military nurse. We can assert that the official study of military, non-medical health-care related qualifications and its use in practice not only for military purposes dates back to the fifties of the last century. However, women as health care professionals, consequently in uniforms, have always been an actual issue. The development of health care activities always existed, however, we must not neglect influence of scientific and medical findings. The historical timeline of development of medical care in the battle field was recorded and ranges from pre-historical healing. The way of Christian medicine was negatively influenced by the Catholic Church. The dark period of the Middle Ages had actually wrested medical performance from the hands of specialists and the suffering were left to the "tender" mercies of the priests. The following part of the thesis concerns modern medicine where enlightenment reforms were exercised. Some of the original six-month courses for military surgeons were organised in this period of time; they weretransformed into Military Surgical Academy, out of which the famous Josefinum originated. A expression of humanity which supported a form of health care of war veterans was demonstrated by constructing buildings for invalid people. The second half of the nineteenth century is characterized by the phenomenon of the presence of nuns in military hospitals. This study goes further in depth of professionally organized healthcare right in the battle field, which dates back from the era of wars in the Crimea.This stage describes the transformation of caring into nursing which requires the necessity of specialized preparation of persons providing nursing practice. In addition, Henry Dunant engraved himself into the history of the profession of a nurse, as the founder of the Red Cross, who first trained health care professionals for working within armed intentions of the state. The continuation of this action sketches out the process of providing first aid in principal armed conflicts of the twentieth century. It describes the functioning of commander operated military health service of that time. WWI drove Czech medical staff to both sides of the front where they provided medical help to the injured. Nurses of the WWII already performed their duties in uniforms as the rightful members of the army. The thesis also mentions post-war usage of military health care professionals in secret foreign missions and their specialized erudition.Last but not least, it marginally discusses contemporary possibilities of modern health care service of the Army of the Czech Republic. The goal of the endeavours of writing this thesis was to chart out clearly the development of the profession of a military nurse within the historical context, focusing mainly on women coming from Czech regions. In order to make the history background concerning specific female participants of the world war conflicts understandable to the reader, this paper reports, in broader extension, peculiar medical and nursing findings, already from the era of prehistoric civilisations. The history study method were applied for the purpose of the theoretical thesis. The methodology is based on searching, studying, sorting and the consecutive systematic objective describing of the events from the past times with the intention to propose comprehensive report on the subject given. It was necessary to study inexhaustible amount of sources to obtain awareness of historical connections. Factual information was derived by analysing of primary and mainly secondary documents. The thesis sketches out histories of military health care and the profession of a military health care professional stemmed from the exploration of appropriate written sources and conclusion of the basic findings. The intentions of the work are not only to clarify the past but also to contribute to solutions of every-day issues.
|
guest ::
