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Project metods utilization /disposal waste from selected machine works
Šíma, Kamil ; Nekvasil, Richard (referee) ; Novotný, Pavel (advisor)
The topic of my master’s thesis is waste management issue in selected engineering company with focus on industrial wastes. With use of information gained from selected engineering operation there is mentioned its brief characteristics, details about individual operations and products, impact of company activities on environment, facts about quantity of produced wastes and summary of current ways of waste management. On the basis of review of gained information there are suggested measures in the master’s thesis which realization would mean not only increase of material and energy utilization of produced waste, increase of degree fulfilment of waste economy and decrease of quantity of wastes placed in dump, but, in the long term, betterment of economical situation of company and its image.
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Design of mobile horizontal wood-splitting machine
Dressler, Jan ; Škopán, Miroslav (referee) ; Knoflíček, Radek (advisor)
This thesis shows making of documentation for production powerfull wood-splitting machine for hardest forestal work. There are researched and soluted all phases of pre-production machine's lifecycle, also means analysis of conception, potentional risks and failures analysis and also definition of required properties. Based on those properties and results of analyses is possible to setting up condition which should be satisfied. At following part are descripted and shown features of machine-design . Main feature (component) of machine is its frame, also there are strenght analysis of frame. Machine movement features are mainly hydraulics pistons which are powered by asynchronous engine, whith alternative possibility movement by wheel tractor power-take off shaft or hydraulics output. There are performed all important properties. Working safety questions and high endurability of machine shold be also performed. At the end of work is realised conception and design study of forestal production system for wood processing with one universal source of energy – wheeled tractor.
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Energetika larev tří druhů čeledi Bibionidae
Frouz, Jan ; Šustr, Vladimír ; Kalčík, Jiří
Food consumption, defecation, assimilation and production were studied in three species of bibionid larvae (.i.Bibio marci, B. pomonae, Penthetria holosericea./i.) feeding either on leaf litter or their own excrements. Assimilation efficiency of larvae feeding on leaf litter was in all species higher then assimilation efficiency of the same species feeding on their own excrements. Larvae reared on excrements also lost weight, which indicated that excrements were insufficient as an exclusive source of energy. In .i. B. marci, P. holosericea./i. the effect of temperature on assimilation efficiency was studied. In .i. P. holosericea./i. assimilation efficiency decreased with increasing temperature. This trend was not observed in .i. B. marci. B. marci./i. was fed on pure cellulose to test if cellulose can serve as the only source of energy. Mortality of larvae feeding on cellulose was significantly higher than of those feeding on leaf litter and did not differ from starving larvae.
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A Comparison of Two Models of the Energy Market Development in Czech Republic from 2015 to 2040
Dvořáková, Jitka ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Lukášová, Tereza (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the prediction of the energy market in the Czech Republic between 2015 and 2040 and on the comparison of potential costs related to two models of energy portfolio management. The first model was created according to the National Energy Concept from 2014, while the other one was designed artificially to simulate usage of the renewable resources in 50% of the electric energy production. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the recent situation of the Czech energy market, defines types of energy resources and explains terms related to the discussed topic. In the practical part, direct production costs of different kinds of power plants were computed and used to estimate economic demands of the two considered models. The efficiency of both models was compared and evaluated. The aim of the thesis was to decide, which of the two models would be more favourable for the Czech national economy. Key words: energy, energy market, direct costs, economic advantage JEL classification: Q40, Q41, Q43, Q47
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Comparison of Energy Circles from point of view Efficiency
Houdek, Milan ; Škvařil, Jan (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis investigates the combined production of power and heat from biomass. The main aim is to compare suggested energy circles in the light of their electric, general and economic efficiency. Introduction describes the basic terms and principles of energy utilization of biomass, combustion and gasification technology are described thoroughly. The main part contains suggestions and thermal calculations of energy circles. The thermal cycle with gasification chamber, combustion chamber and hot air turbine is proposed, than thermal cycle with gasification generator and cogeneration unit and finally Rankine-Clausius circle. In conclusion calculated results are recapitulated and the usability of proposed thermal cycles is assessed.
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Analysis of Iron-Phosphorus Reaction Products Formation During Heat Treatment Processes
Skoumalová, Zuzana ; Jan, Vít (referee) ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor)
During high pressure pulsation tests repeated cracks of CP3. housings occur. High pressure pump CP3 is part of injection system Common Rail. Cracks can be caused by segregation of phosphorous from a washing medium on grain boundaries during subsequent heat treatment process. The present master´s thesis focuses on analysis of phosphorous compounds on specimen surface made from steel 20MnCr5, which were soaked in solutions with different concentration of phosphorous. Master’s thesis is also focused on potencial influence of phosphorous on structure and properties of this material. The first part of the thesis provides a summary of current knowledge in the studied field, experimental results can be found in the second part. The surface analysis XPS, the light microscopy, the scanning electron microscopy equipped by energy dispersive chemical analysis, the glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, the methods of the phase analysis by means of the X-ray diffraction and impact test were used.
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Recovery of Energy from Municipal Wastes
Šíma, Kamil ; Bébar, Ladislav (referee) ; Jícha, Jaroslav (advisor)
The topic of the diplome thesis is draft of the waste-to-energy plant for municipal waste with cogeneration of heat. Basic specification of project: Waste-to-Energy plant is facilitated by two rotary kilns of type operating in parallel. Further flue gas leaving the post-combustor enters a multicyclone unit to separate substatial portion of fly-ash. Heat of flue gas at the temperature of 1000°C generates superheated steam in a Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG). Dry sorption process is appllied for flue gas treatment. Specifically sodium bi-carbonate is used for it. Products of reactions and remnants of dust are separated by a baghouse. Superheated steam, generated by two HRSG, presents the inlet stream of a condensing steam turbine with steam extraction. The diploma thesis contains calculation of major devices and basic economical and financial statement of project.
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Utilization of unconventional biomass for energy production
Boumová, Markéta ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá netradičními druhy biomasy využitelnými v České republice a Španělsku a jejich srovnáním. V prvních kapitolách jsou popsány netradiční druhy biomasy, mezinárodní projekty, smlouvy a legislativa. V následujích kapitolách je rozbor netradičních druhů biomasy zejména vznikajících z potravinářského průmyslu každé země s detailním rozborem a srovnáním zbytků z průmyslového zpracování slunečnice a oliv. V závěru je uděláno celkové srovnání těchto druhů biomasy České republiky a Španělska z aspektů výkupních cen, výhřevností, vlhkosti a množství popelovin.
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Heat and mass balance model of unit for biomass combustion
Tomšů, Ondřej ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
This work deals with the creation of a mathematical model for calculating mass and energy balances of the energy units for utilizing the biomass combustion by computational software W2E and it is engaged in necking the validity of the balance model for the real technology unit for combustion different types of biomass. There are presented basic informations of balances and described the procedure how to solve balance calculations of energy units. Introductory part deals with biomass as a renewable energy source, which has a large potential in energy system. There are presented all its important parameters, its types, methods of treatment and utilization power production. Next chapters focus on biomass combustion devices, theirs classification and theirs technological principles. For the specific type of biomass boiler (of capacity 1 MW with movable, inclined grid) - here was created balance model. The choice of this equipment is preferred primarily by the fact that the middle capacity power boilers can be considered as the most suitable heat sources in terms of efficient combustion of biomass. Another motivation is a key objective of this work, which is creation of balance model of the unit which energy utilizes of biomass, which belong into this category of heat sources and is available for real measurements. There are presented the available computing systems for balance modeling with the preference of the analysis program W2E and MS Excel. They are verified as the best instruments for creation balance model at the practical chapter of this work. The main output of presented thesis is thus balance model developed in W2E program which has been compared and modified to the real characteristics of biomass boiler. For this purpose were used the archived data from previous measurements and new actual measurements, which focused on the acquisition of the missing operational data and verifying the reasons of variance of the model and real status. In the conclusion, there are evaluated the basic operating parameters of the technology in various operating states by W2E analysis model.
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