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Is import of goods from european countries to Czech republic more or less influenced by changes in nominal and real exchange rates than in non european countries?
Vereš, Jan ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the connection between import of goods from foreign countries to Czech Republic and the exchange rate changes. The initial hypothesis of this paper is to prove that the depreciation of domestic currency has positive influence on balance of trade balance. For this purpose there is eight econometric models which were created by using time series from years 2003 to 2016. These models are divided in pairs among four chosen countries. For each country two models were created that follow the development of trade balance between Czech Republic and one of the countries in two different time frames. All the models always use the real effective exchange rate, growth rate of GDP for Czech Republic and growth rate of GDP for one of the countries as explanatory variable. It is connected with the second task of this thesis, which is the analysis of the differences in the behaviour of the models that belong to the countries which are members of the EU and these that are not. The aim is to find out whether the existence of tariffs on imported goods from countries out of the EU causes visible differences in the behaviour of the variables that were included in the models. Based on the outcomes of all eight models the main hypothesis has been proved right for three out of four countries. In the models for Germany, China and France the relation of real exchange rate and trade balance came out as positive in long term, in short term the outcome was ambiguous. The second question of this thesis has been answered, but its added value is questionable. The final models for each state do show some noticeable differences and they can be used to determine if the influence of the change of exchange rates on trade balance is smaller or bigger in the countries where tariffs are used. On the other hand, from the results we can learn that the sample of only four countries is insufficient for the deduction of any conclusions.
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Implementation of European legislation into the legal order of the Czech Republic
Pelc Vostrá, Nelly ; Zemánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Král, Richard (referee)
AAAAbstractbstractbstractbstract The main purpose of my thesis is to analyse how Czech legal order deals with the obligation to implement European legislation, and also, how it is affected by the process of implementation. The thesis consists of two major parts. Part One describes the European law system from the point of view of its effects on a national law; the direct effect as well as the obligation to implement the EU law into national legal acts are considered. Part Two is divided into six chapters; each chapter deals with a different aspect of Czech obligation to implement and apply the EU law. Czech government is the main legislative initiator and has developed detailed rules for preparing government bills. However, the praxis is far from ideal. Both chambers of Czech Parliament are affected by serious lack of interest in the process of implementation. The Constitutional court provides a constantly growing judicature of open-minded interpretation of the national law with respect to the EU law. On the other hand, it shows a surprising reluctance to refer for a preliminary ruling at the Court of Justice of the European Union. Czech courts have to deal with principles of application of the EU law. With respect to a principle of damages for failure to fulfil the member state's obligations under EU law,...
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The European Union from the perspective of the residents of Trhove Sviny
VESELÁ, Nikola
This work is devided into two main parts: the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part describes the development of the European integration, the formation of the European Union, institutions of the European Union, the integration of the Czech Republic into the European Union and projects in the town of Trhové Sviny, which were supported by the European Union. The practical part is based on the research, that is aimed to the comparison of the knowledge and opinions of the population in Trhové Sviny to the European Union and to the European integration. Open and closed questions are used in the questionnaire. The town of Trhové Sviny was chosen, because it is the small town located closed to the South Bohemian regional town called České Budějovice and this region is involved in European structures.
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Breeding of Eastern Rosellas in European Climate Conditions
Baierlová, Nikola ; Ledvinka, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zita, Lukáš (referee)
Summary
This work is aimed at parrot breeding of genus Rossella in Europe, in different climatic conditions than the conditions in the Southeast and South Australia where the birds come from. Here, you can find overview of their occurrence in nature, evaluation of biotope, feeding and information on breeding in human custody.
Eastern Rosellas (Platycersus eximius) live in pairs and each pair is very protective
of their own nesting teritory. Outside of the nesting season, Rosellas are moving around the land in small groups.
In nature, these parrots eat grain from grass or weeds, seeds from bushes, trees
and of course fruit.
The nesting season starts around february and lasts until august. In nature Rosellas nest in hollow trees, branches, tree stumps, columns, on top of fence post and even in rabbit holes.
The best option when it comes to breeding Rosellas, is an outside aviary, which best represents their natural habitat. European winter causes them little to no trouble, the same goes for severe frost, which allows for year-round stay in the outside aviary.
Rosellas have the similar eating habits as their parrot brethren, meaning sunflower seeds, millet, panic grass, canary and oat. An important supplement in their daily diet is green feed(ing), fresh fruit and vegetable, branches to nibble on, mineral substances, and fresh drinking water. During the nesting season and while with young, it is necessary to feed
the birds an egg mixture, it is an important source of protein.
Breeding of Rosellas is fairly effortless, they can easily nest even in small spaces. Ideal size of their bird house would be 25 x 25 x 60 - 70 cm with a fly-in entrance of 7 - 8 cm. It is necessary to hang the bird houses as high as possible in the protected part of aviary. Female lays 5 - 7 white colored eggs, on which she sits 21 - 22 days. Young birds leave
the nest in age between 28 - 35 days and then, are are partly fed additional 10 - 14 days by
the male.
Among the most frequent diseases of this species of pet birds belong those non contagious, e.g. hypovitaminosis, uricosis and, furthermore parasitical ones and pathogens as well as other contagious diseases or feather abnormalities, such as the so called French defeathering.
Breeding of Rosellas does not require an experienced breeder. With proper care, Rosellas can live up to 25 - 30 years and remain fertile their whole lives.
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Competitiveness of the European Union
Seiler, Milan ; Toth, Daniel (advisor) ; Zdeněk, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis entitled Competitiveness of the European Union deals with the issue of competitiveness as one of the significant and dominant aspects that influence economic entities and political leadership of individual member states and the central institutions of the European Union. The aim of the work is in accordance with the assignment, which is an analysis of the factors of European Union's competitiveness against other major world economies and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the EU. The aim is also to assess the contribution of the policy of the EU institutions in improving of competitiveness.
The theoretical part of the thesis describes the issue of competitiveness and a conflict of opinion trends concerning the very concept of competitiveness and its measurement. The second part is dedicated to the selected economic factors affecting competitiveness.
In the practical part is used a regression analysis to identify the economic factors most acting on the EU economic growth. Follows the forecast of selected economic factors until 2020. The comparison of the competitiveness of the EU with the BRICS, USA and Japan is made by using obtained data. At the end of the practical part is summarize the influence of EU policies on competitiveness through the assessment of the Global Competitiveness Index.
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Proposal of Procedures for the Transformation of Accounting Data to the Tax Base in Accordance with the CCCTB
Kuchařová, Ivana ; Valder, Antonín (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
Globalisation as well as on-going integration make the authorities accelerate their harmonisation and approximation efforts not only in the field of accounting and book-keeping -- to secure harmonised interpreting of books -- but also in respect of international business entities' corporate tax. My dissertation describes the efforts of the European Commission towards full harmonisation of the process of determining the corporate tax base in respect of business entities formed as supranational groups of businesses registered in various EU member states or in combination of members from the EU and the third countries. The pending harmonisation should prevent the said entities from aggressive tax "optimisation" in the course of which they transfer their tax base to countries with the lowest income tax and abuse gaps and incomprehensiveness of tax regulation in individual EU member states. Such practice may, in some cases, result in double non-taxation thus further reducing the income of EU member states' already suffering public budgets. The EU has recognized the need to implement measures to stop this practice and will take action. One of the measures that should lead to an improvement in tax collection is the fastest introduction of a common consolidated tax base for corporate income (Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base). The genesis, structure and characterization of CCCTB has become a crucial part of the theoretical background research. Other issues that arise in connection with the introduction of the common consolidated tax base and which are addressed in this work are as follows - what similarities and differences are there between the European and national rules on accounting and taxes, which procedures will be used for a transformation of the initial accounting data presented in accordance with the national legislation to the European tax base and what impact will have these transformation processes on the final amount of the tax base.
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Current situation regarding the sources and intake of selenium in European population
Půtová, Lucie ; Čadková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Křivská, Daniela (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the current dietary recommendations and the actual intake of selenium from food for the European inhabitants, divided into 6 appropriate regions. Above all, the thesis deals with the issue of the sources of this element and possible ways of its supplementation. Part of this thesis is also the identification of areas in which there is a risk of low intake of selenium, and at the same time there the reasons for this deficit are adressed.
In the introduction selenium is characterized as a trace biogenic element that has physical and chemical properties, which affect the organism of each individual. Selenium can have a wide range of positive effects, but at the same time, of course, its toxicity needs to be taken into account. For this reason, in this study space was devoted to diseases that selenium may cause in cases of non-compliance with the recommended amount of intake.
The amount of the intake of selenium depends mainly on its content in the soil. The concentration of selenium differs according to the geographical conditions of individual regions, which are described in the main part of this thesis. Each region contains a different amount of selenium in soil and consequently in animal and plant products. According to my knowledge from the study of literature, another very important factors is the availability of certain foods, such as fish, which are rich in selenium and thus greatly increase concentration of selenium in the daily diet for several states. The focus was also given to countries, that don't have food rich in selenium, and thus, continue to seek the best possible form of supplementation.
This thesis shows the total comparison of the daily intake of selenium in the specific states of Europe. The results have shown that the most stable intake of this element occurs on the territory of the South Europe. They are mainly coastal states and there is a very good availability of fish products mentioned before. By contrast, in south-eastern Europe it is evident that due to the low financial possibilities the problem of selenium deficit is not dealt with and it is assumed that there may occurr a decline in intake of this element in the diet.
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Investment and employment in the European Union
Stöckbauerová, Sára ; Toth, Daniel (advisor) ; Helena, Helena (referee)
The Diploma Thesis is divided into the theoretical basis and the practical part that is further divided into descriptive part and analytical part. The theoretical part is proceeding from book publications and websites. The aim of this Diploma Thesis is to determine how foreign direct investments affect labour market in selected countries of the European Union, further to compare and evaluate this influence in these states, and develop recommendations for the Czech Republic how to improve the situation on the labour market through foreign direct investments and other researched variables. These issues were solved in the analytical part of the own work, where were created two single-equation econometric models and on the basis of them was investigated whether foreign direct investment and the average gross monthly wage have an influence on the number of employed in the Czech Republic and Austria. The partial aim of the thesis is to analyze the development of foreign direct investment in the Czech Republic from many different perspectives and also to analyze the development of selected indicators of the labour market. Another aim is to evaluate current condition of the Czech Republic in selected spheres of foreign direct investments and the labour market. These issues were solved in the descriptive part of the practical part. A simple summary of the results of this thesis is that foreign direct investment should not be required with the aim of increase employment.
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