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Super-heated steam cycles
Uherek, Jan ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The purpose of this bachelor´s thesis is to present new, highly efficient thermal cycles used in power plants, and to compare them with classical cycles. First, the impact of these cycles on the efficiency of electricity production is examined. The following section describes power plants where the supercritical technology has been successfully installed. The last section explains the calculation of the heat transfer surface. The conclusion of this thesis attempts to outline the future of energetics from the author´s point of view.
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Permeability of natural surfaces of Hruba Skala sandstone in rock cities for water vapour and intensity of evaporation
Slavík, Martin ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Pavlíková, Milena (referee)
Aim of this study was to describe capillary water and vapor transport in shallow subsurface of Hrubá Skála sandstone in the Bohemian Paradise. I have quantified permeability of Hrubá Skála sandstone for water vapor using "wet cup" method and also capillary water absorption of sandstone drill cores. I have found out general rules of evaporation and rate of evaporation from several sandstone outcrops in real microclimate. Important part of my work was to determine whether surface crust plays some role in studied parameters. Based on my results, permeability of different types of sandstones for water vapor does not vary significantly and surface crust has no effect on rate of water vapor diffusion. Rate of capillary water absorption is reduced by surface crust. Hrubá Skála sandstone is classified as medium or highly absorbing material. I have proved that evaporation from porous medium can be approximated by exponential function. Rate of evaporation is strongly controlled by climatic conditions, especially by relative humidity. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Convective storms and lower stratospheric moisture
Šťástka, Jindřich ; Setvák, Martin (advisor)
Title: Convective storms and lower stratospheric moisture Author: Jindřich Šťástka Department: Department of Atmospheric Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Martin Setvák, CSc., Czech Hydrometeorological Institute Abstract: The primary focus of this thesis is to diagnose contributions to upper tropo- spheric and lower stratospheric (UTLS) water vapor from convective storms. The first parts of this work introduces two approaches used for a detection of lower stratospheric water vapor above convective storm tops - brightness temperature difference (BTD) technique and EOS MLS measurements. The BTD technique is based on brightness temperature difference between the water vapor absorp- tion and infrared window bands, assuming a thermal inversion above the cloud top level. The most frequently offered explanation of positive BTD values above convective storms is presence of warmer water vapor in the lower stratosphere. Furthermore, so called BTD anomalies were described and it was proposed an algorithm for objective detection of such BTD anomalies. Characteristics of pa- rameters describing BTD, BTD anomaly, infrared window brightness temperature were investigated during storms evolution on dataset of 320 storms from the area of Europe. The analysis of these characteristics proved highly probable conection between positive...
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gasification of biomass with a mixture of oxygen and water vapor
Chlubna, Martin ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to describe the gasification of biomass with a mixture of oxygen and water vapor. The theoretical part is focused on the gasification process, gasification reactors and the quality of the resulting gas. In the experimental part we look for the ideal ratio of oxygen to water vapor, which are used as gasification media. Subsequent measurements are carried out on the fluidized bed reactor, the results of which are further processed and evaluated.
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Rankine cycle with water steam for power generation
Uhříček, Michal ; Mauder, Tomáš (referee) ; Klimeš, Lubomír (advisor)
The Rankine cycle with water steam is the basic thermal cycle used in power generation for producing electricity. Through this cycle thermal energy (of any source) is transformed into shaft work, which then generates electricity. Therefore, the aim is to achieve the highest efficiency of this transformation with losing as little of the usable energy as possible. This bachelor thesis is focused on describing the general thermodynamics cycle, the basic Rankine cycle and Rankine cycles with modifications, which help to increase the thermal efficiency. The practical part of this thesis is dedicated to programming the script in the MATLAB programming environment for easy thermodynamic analysis of the basic ideal Rankine cycle.
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Preparation of laboratory exercise for school subject Ecology in Manufacturing
Balcárková, Lucie ; Vaněk, Jiří (referee) ; Bača, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with the design of laboratory task on selected topics and brings together theoretical knowledge needed to understand the principle and function of the proposed system. The theoretical design is elaborated from the point of view of physical principles, physical feasibility, electronic difficulty, user service, correctness of the system, and its economic aspect. Furthermore, the practical implementation of the chosen task is disscussed in detail, based on the collected theoretical knowledge, a comparison of the available options and the results of the measurements made.
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Atmosferic gasification of biomass by the addition of oxygen and steam
Vypušťáková, Veronika ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The topic of master´s thesis is atmosferic gasification of biomass by the addition of oxygen and steam. The theoretical part is devoted to the description of biomass, process of gasification, kinds of gasification reactor and product gas. Further experiments are devised depending on the gasification medium and output temperature. In this case, the key aspect is the steam addition control. In the practical part, these experiments are performed in a fluidized bed reactor. Resulting values from samples of gas and tar are subsequently processed and evaluated.
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Optimizing the design modern low energy timber structures
Bečkovská, Tereza ; Tichomirov, Vladimír (referee) ; Myslín, Jiří (referee) ; Vávra,, Roman (referee) ; Šuhajda, Karel (advisor)
This Doctoral thesis is focused on optimizing the design of modern wooden structures. Because this theme is very comprehensive, the work analyzes the distribution of moisture through the building envelope in detail. In the introduction are summarizes the knowledge of the physical processes in the constructions, there are also the properties of wood as a material and basic information about system of timber structures. The next section describes used methodology and experimental measurements realized on an experimental timber house EXDR1. There is specified the principle of measurement based on the SWOT analysis, the use measuring devices or possible solutions in the field of numerical modeling too. Main results and conclusions of the dissertation for technical practice including possibilities of further research are summarized in the final section.
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Convective storms and lower stratospheric moisture
Šťástka, Jindřich ; Setvák, Martin (advisor)
Title: Convective storms and lower stratospheric moisture Author: Jindřich Šťástka Department: Department of Atmospheric Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Martin Setvák, CSc., Czech Hydrometeorological Institute Abstract: The primary focus of this thesis is to diagnose contributions to upper tropo- spheric and lower stratospheric (UTLS) water vapor from convective storms. The first parts of this work introduces two approaches used for a detection of lower stratospheric water vapor above convective storm tops - brightness temperature difference (BTD) technique and EOS MLS measurements. The BTD technique is based on brightness temperature difference between the water vapor absorp- tion and infrared window bands, assuming a thermal inversion above the cloud top level. The most frequently offered explanation of positive BTD values above convective storms is presence of warmer water vapor in the lower stratosphere. Furthermore, so called BTD anomalies were described and it was proposed an algorithm for objective detection of such BTD anomalies. Characteristics of pa- rameters describing BTD, BTD anomaly, infrared window brightness temperature were investigated during storms evolution on dataset of 320 storms from the area of Europe. The analysis of these characteristics proved highly probable conection between positive...
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