|
|
Diagnostic Methods Suitable for Monitoring of Drying Process of Brick Product
Sarvaš, Ondřej ; Sokolář, Radomír (referee) ; Nevřivová, Lenka (advisor)
This work deals with the study of diagnostic methods suitable for monitoring of the drying process of brick raw materials. Based on the extensive literature search, several parameters are selected, which are appropriate to monitoring during drying. In addition, a methodology for measuring these selected parameters is proposed. In the experimental part, the use of all described methods is gradually verified on the brick raw material with and without shortening additive (also known as grog). Was carried out: measurement of the surface temperature in the climatic chamber, determination of humidity distribution in the sample, determination of moisture diffusivity, determination of tensile strength, determination of ultrasonic wave velocity and determination of dynamic E-modulus of elasticity. Results of experiments and the gained experiences show, that at least two of the above-mentioned monitoring methods are very appropriate and beneficial – determination of moisture diffusivity and determination of tensile strength. In the work was described in detail the procedure of determination of moisture diffusivity of material. The dependence of moisture diffusivity on the moisture content of the dried material, has been described. Also, differences between raw material with grog and without grog has been described. As part of the practical verification of the experiment designed to determine the tensile strength at different humidity levels of test samples. A new shape of the test specimens and a new device were designed to allow them to be attached to a hydraulic press. The results of this work show that the tensile strength of the ceramic green bodies is primarily dependent on the moisture content of the material. The type of raw material almost does not affect the tensile strength.
|
|
|
Hygrothermal response of building components
Slávik, Richard ; Šťastník, Stanislav (referee) ; Vertál´,, Marián (referee) ; Kalousek, Miloš (advisor)
This dissertation thesis is focused on the study of simultaneous transport of heat and moisture in building components. First, the introduction briefly summarises current international state of the art in assessment and evaluation of building components focused on moisture. Besides description of methodological approaches and analysis of differences between them, the approaches are modelled using examples which help to identify their properties and explain the application framework of the methods. These examples do not only illustrate the procedures; they also indicate their limits and identify the pitfalls of models’ application in comparison with each other. Next, the thesis includes basic introduction to material parameters necessary in numerical modelling. Moreover, solutions to questions from the assignment are discussed from the point of view of the theory of heat and moisture transport. To fulfil the thesis’ objectives, theoretical analysis and calculations were implemented. Calculations were carried out not only by well-known methods, but also using an own-developed complex algorithm which implements simultaneous heat and moisture transport modelling based on finite element methods and which allows to implement nonlinear behaviour of material properties. Furthermore, the thesis contains description of and results from two experiments. A brief description of an electronic device developed and used for the experiments is included. Experimental results are confronted with both simplified and advanced theoretical models. At last the thesis concludes with discussion of acquired findings, brief summary of potential contribution of this work to the field of building science and engineering practice, and indication of the directions for further development.
|
|
|
Ventilation and air conditioning of apartment building
Kroupa, Petr ; Horká, Lucie (referee) ; Hirš, Jiří (advisor)
The purpose of my diploma thesis is to propose the air condition to apartments. The work is divided into two parts. The first part describes the climate of the internal spaces, its forms, what it is influenced by and what way it influences the human. It analyzes natural and indoor ventilations. The second part desings air condition to concrete flat, technical report including the mechanical drawings and technical paper of used products.
|
|
|
Advanced methods of application of thermal techniques in the design of heating buildings
Mikoláš, Petr ; Vyhlídalová, Karolína (referee) ; Horák, Petr (advisor)
The diploma thesis is divided into three parts. The first part is theoretical devoted to the introduction of BETONG building material. And next It is also devoted to themes of low - energy buildings and nearly zero-energy buildings, heat sharing and thermal comfort. In the second part is the concept of the heating system elaborated in three variants of the design in the scope of the study for the new family house. The third part is devoted to use of shell blocks of the BETONG with internal contact insulation compared to other masonry systems.
|
|
|
Air quality in buildings
Kops, Tomáš ; Uher, Pavel (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to find out by measuring the production of carbon dioxide that man produces in various types of physical activity. Using the model, the goal is to simulate real carbon dioxide production for a type object and to design a way of automatic regulation, air supply and drainage to obtain better indoor environment (represented by carbon dioxide).
|
|
|
Nature in buildings
Kojecká, Karolína ; Blasinski, Petr (referee) ; Rubinová, Olga (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the assessment of the influence of the green interior wall to the microclimate of the room. The experimental part of the thesis assesses the thermal-humidity microclimate, the microbial microclimate and the concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air. In the project part, a variant solution for the ventilation of an office building was prepared. In the first variant, mechanical cooling was used to cover the heat load, while the second variant used passive cooling and direct adiabatic cooling with a green wall.
|
|
|
Gel infusion screen system for additional waterproofing of various types of masonry with share of secondary raw materials
Melichar, Jindřich ; Klečka,, Tomáš (referee) ; Dohnálek,, Pavel (referee) ; Novotný, Miloslav (referee) ; Drochytka, Rostislav (advisor)
Virtually any construction project in our climate zone is facing some form of moisture. Older and historical buildings are mostly affected by the negative impact of water. Previously, the additional reduction of the moisture was executed only by mechanical methods, pushing insulating sheets or breaking through and cutting of masonry. Over time chemical methods were also invented, which are compared to the mechanical considerably simpler and user friendly applications to statics of treated buildings, making them ideal for the treatment of historical buildings or buildings that would not bear significant disruption. The main principle of chemical methods of redevelopment of wet masonry is the application of special material into the line of drilled holes with a given pitch. Subsequent penetration of the grouting material is believed to intersect an arc of individual drill holes, and thus to create so-called grout curtain that prevents the accumulation of water above it. Injection material may also contain a proportion of secondary raw materials, thereby reducing the influence of the impact of production on the environment. Efficiency infusion materials in masonry affected by many factors, such as temperature, humidity, or the type of material treated. It is also an important factor to determine the effectiveness of the remediation of the material, proving its ability to penetrate the building material by identifying its presence in it.
|
|
|
Impact of injection on mechanical and physical characteristics of mortar
Fridrich, Pavel ; Myslín, Jiří (referee) ; Tomíček,, Oldřich (referee) ; Klečka,, Tomáš (referee) ; Tuza, Karel (advisor)
The increased moisture of the building materials causes the change of its mechanical and physical characteristic. In particular the high amount of loose water in construction shorten the lifetime of the building, is harmful to human beings due to biotic factors and increase the economic expenses of usage of the building. Apart from the costs of rehabilitation the loose water deteriorates the thermal insulative ability (thermal conductivity coefficient ) of perimeter masonry as well. The moisture gets into masonry not only through its deffects but also due to many different reasons. In order to improve the utility value of the buildings we have to deal with the rehabilitation of damp masonry with view to all possible causes. Only the properly working damp proofing ensures the protection against the water leaking from the subfoundation of the building. One of the direct techniques which have undergone rapid progress in last few years is the injection procedure. With use of experimental methods in my dissertation I deal with evaluation of two injection compounds used in Czech Republic and with its impact on the characteristics of the mortar. With the modern hollow bricks (system THERM) it is possible to create horizontal infusion into the lateral mortar grooves in future.
|
|
|
Disposal of Biotic Pests by EMW Radiation
Sobotka, Jindřich ; Klečka,, Tomáš (referee) ; Myslín, Jiří (referee) ; Tomíček,, Oldřich (referee) ; Šuhajda, Karel (advisor)
The possibility of using high-frequency electromagnetic radiation in the construction sector is a common knowledge. Various experiments have been carried out to dry construction materials, or even to destroy biotic pests. However, the majority of these experiments have been executed in laboratory conditions. It means they have been carried out under exact limiting conditions, often very far off those conditions in real building practice. Therefore, this dissertation aims at exploring the possibility of utilizing microwave technology in drying and heating of construction materials, in disposing of biotic pests and sterilizing building materials under real conditions in building practice. The thesis will explain that microwaves are a term given to a part of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetic radiation is based on the principle that the radiated energy is absorbed by water molecules present in moist building material. In the mass of the irradiated material, the radiated energy is transformed into thermal energy, where a so-called “motion” of water molecules occurs with the energy then being transformed into kinetic energy. The microwave technology itself offers a very wide range of use, which can be easily achieved, thus making the technology available to use in the future. Part of the experiments and the necessary measurements, too, has been carried out on selected types of building materials in the premises of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of Brno University of Technology. They have been executed under conditions which most closely correspond to the conditions in real buildings. Part of the experiments and the necessary measurements were carried out on particular constructions, by the so-called in situ method. As stated in the conclusion of the dissertation, laboratory measurements and the in situ measurements differ considerably in some cases.
|
|
|
Remote sensing as indicator of Soil structure changing
Kocum, Jiří ; Šefrna, Luděk (advisor) ; Vlček, Lukáš (referee)
1 Univerzita Karlova v Praze Přírodovědecká fakulta Katedra fyzické geografie a geoekologie Studijní program: Geografie (Bakalářské studium) Studijní obor: Fyzická geografie a geoinformatika Jiří KOCUM Dálkový průzkum jako indikátor změn struktury půdního pokryvu Remote sensing as indicator of Soil structure changing Bakalářská práce Vedoucí bakalářské práce: RNDr. Luděk Šefrna, CSc. Abstract This thesis is about soil properties, their influence on soil spectral reflectance and Remote Sensing (RS) in pedology. The aim of the thesis is to explain the cause and to estimate the possible future development of the mosaics of local soils, which is visible in aerial photographs, on the selected territory of Kleneč in the Ústí nad Labem Region, by using data from the field survey and RS. Based on the results, evaluate if the methods of RS are suitable apparatus for solving this problem. For this purpose, data from field surveys, aerial and satellite images were collected. This information was compared and evaluated. The results showed a difference in soil properties that cause a different ability to bond water over time. Differnce in water content in soil influence the spectral reflectance of the soil, which is reflected in aerial and satellite imagery in the form of a mosaic. Key words: Remote Sensing, Soil,...
|
guest ::
