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Community rejection of low threshold services for drug users in Prague
Valachová, Zuzana ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Tůmová, Kateřina (referee)
This paper focuses on the topic of low-threshold centers for drug users in the context of NIMBY attitudes, which refers to the resistance of local communities to the placement of these centers in their neighborhoods. Prague is currently struggling with a lack of these services, which despite the urgency of the situation, remains unresolved. This paper seeks to understand the relations between NIMBY attitudes and such centers and the impact these attitudes have. It also reveals other factors that influence their operations. Finally, the paper defines the main issues of these centers and proposes possible solutions. These goals were achieved through a multiple-case study of the Drop In and Progressive centers, which involved interviews with their managers. Media research was conducted to gain insight into the situation from other parties involved. It was found that the Drop In center does not face any disturbances, while the other was closed due to disturbances by its residents that reached the political level. The main factor causing troubles was the volume of clients in the area, which disrupted peace and safety. The large volume of clients is caused by a lack of such centers and other addiction services in Prague. If the load was spread across more locations, services and their clients would not...
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Continuum of care in hepatitis C screening and treatment: a survey among clients of low-threshold programs for people who use drugs
Věžníková, Martina ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
Background: Half of the people with hepatitis C virus infection in the Czech Republic are injecting drug users. Low-threshold harm reduction-based treatment programs are an important pillar in the prevention and elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV);and for the continuity of care, it is essential to actively search for people with the infection (high rate of testing) and to follow up with further diagnosis and treatment.Identifying and responding to client barriers is necessary to maintain the continuum of care. Objectives: Theaim of the bachelor thesis was to describe the continuum of care in case of hepatitis C virus in clients of an outpatient and outreach programme for substance abusers in a low-threshold centre in Jihlava, from anti-HCV antibody screening to treatment entry and completion, and to describe the factors that influence the continuum of care. Methods: In June and July 2022, aquantitative analysis of existing data was conductedamong clients of a low-threshold facility for drug users in Jihlava. For the monitored period from 2017 to 2021, 243 clients of the outpatient program and 171 clients of the outreach program were included in the research. The obtained data were analysed in Microsoft Excel using descriptive statistics. Results: The research shows that 81 (33 %) clients of the...
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Possibilities and limits of the work of an addictologist in the Prison Servise of the Czech Republic
Čtveráčková, Jana ; Volfová, Anna (advisor) ; Fidesová, Hana (referee)
Background: Substance use among people commiting crime has been an important issue for a long time. Since 2016, the Czech Prison Service (VSČR) has established the position of an addictionologist to provide expert addiction care in prisons using the same interventions and procedures that are used in civilian facilities. The position is classified under health services, but is expected to work closely with correctional and detention services. The conditions of work depend on each prison specifics. Aims: The research describes actual situation of addictologists employed in the Prison Service of the Czech Republic. Using sub-objectives, the author tried to find out the characteristics of people working as addictologists in the Prison Service, to describe their activities in the Prison Service system and to find out the addictologist's view on the perceived possibilities and limits of this position. Methods: The base file was selected using the total selection method. All the 10 employees who were employed in the Prison Service at the time of the research as addictocologists were contacted. The research sample consisted of 8 workers who were interested in research participation. A qualitative method of semi-structured interviews was used in order to collect data via online communication tools or by...
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Social Exclusion as a Determinant of Health in Pervitin Users
BRANDOVÁ, Nikola
The subject of my dissertation thesis is social exclusion of Pervitin users within the territory of České Budějovice and the therewith associated quality of their lives, which currently make a topical item. Though social exclusion can be seen as a frequent academical, political as well as public subject of discussion and the poor living conditions of those concerned are an issue brought to attention, no qualitative research into the social exclusion of this target group in our conditions has been made as yet. The theoretical section of my thesis describes current state of knowledge concerning the topics of social determinants of health, social exclusion, Pervitin (Methamphetamine), illegal use of drugs and therewith associated care for persons who abuse drugs and the quality of their lives, as well as the research on these topics. The following objectives were set for the research part of my dissertation thesis: 1) Identification of the effects of social exclusion on the health of Pervitin users in České Budějovice. 2) Description of the quality of life of Pervitin users in České Budějovice. For the purposes of my study, a combination of qualitative and quantitative research strategies was selected. Three research questions were set. These questions in the qualitative section deal with how social exclusion affects the health status of Pervitin users living in České Budějovice and how the users themselves reflect on the actual determinant of health. The quantitative section of my thesis poses a question how selected sociodemographic characteristics by WHOQOL-BREF relate to the domains of qualities of life. The research group for the qualitative research section consisted of users of Pervitin living in České Budějovice. There were 15 informants in total. The contingent valuation method was used to collect attributes data and the technique used was a combination of biographic-narrative and semi-structured interviews. Data acquired was analyzed using the grounded theory method with the Atlas.ti. software used to analyze the attributes data Quantitative data was collected through a questionnaire survey performed by distributing a standardized WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire to a representative sample consisting of 437 respondents, all users of Pervitin in the South-Bohemian Region. Data of quantitative nature were transposed from completed questionnaires to a data matrix and subsequently processed statistically. Descriptive statistics were performed in MS Excel and hypotheses were tested using the IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 24.0. Informants' responses were encoded and categorized, resulting in two models describing the process how Pervitin users access health care and the phenomena of the actual use within the context of the society. As a result of the WHOQL-BREF questionnaire, in the physical and mental health and social relations domain, relationship with the other sex appeared to be statistically relevant, where women showed significantly worse scores than men. Another statistically relevant relationship was confirmed between how long the drug abuse has been lasting and the physical and mental health of the user. The quality of life in these domains becomes lower proportionately with the length of Pervitin use. The dissertation thesis provides an insight into the issue of social exclusion of Pervitin users. Considering the size of the research group, the results cannot be generalized but can serve as a base for social workers aiming at Pervitin users at all levels, ranging from contact centres and field programs and addiction clinics to therapy communities and convalescent centres.
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Specific needs of clients in in the execution of a custodial sentence - case studies
Mádlová, Adéla ; Gabrhelíková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Svoboda, Martin (referee)
Background: Penitentiary care for clients with addictology issues is still an insufficiently discussed topic. Especially if we emphasize that a significant number of clients, ie users of addictive substances (especially illegal ones) have experience in serving a custodial sentence. The fact that more attention needs to be paid to the care of users of illegal addictive substances in prisons was confirmed by the Prison Service of the Czech Republic by creating a position for addictologists in prisons in 2018, following a successful pilot project. Targets: The core of the final work are case studies with the aim of examining the issue of matching needs in individual addictology services offered by Bělušice Prison. Given the prison's limited capacity to provide addictology services, also answer the question of whether the programs and interventions provided are sufficient or whether the possibility of setting up or amending one of the intervention programs could not be considered in the future. Research group: The research method of the case study was used for the clinical part of the final diploma thesis. The method of long-term observation and the study of available documentation were used to obtain information. Reduction and organization of information was used for data analysis, ie content analyzes...
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Drop In Addictology Services in Towns
Jiříková, Adéla ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The thesis deals with the specific characteristics of drop-in addictology services in a small town. In the introduction, the author describes the drop-in addictology services existing and their activities. The thesis provides a brief insight into the basic principles of such services and their application in the Czech Republic. The core of the thesis consists of the research carried out among the employees of the civic association o. s. Prevent who work in drop-in addictology services in small towns. Within such research, the method of semi-structured narrative interview was applied. The objective of such research was to identify the specifics of their work in small towns as perceived by the employees proper. The intention was to compare the work carried out in small towns to the work as conducted in larger ones. The results identified are meant to point out the issues and challenges of working in small towns, to illustrate the setup of services in these locations, and to outline other possibilities for the future through the employees' eyes. The author's conclusions may support the employees in similar services to gain better orientation in the situation that they experience. The thesis may also constitute the basis for the founders of drop-in addictology facilities to change the setup of their...
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Secondary drug - related crime for clients contact center DRUG - OUT Klub, z.s. in Ústí nad Labem
Matičková, Marta ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Hrachovec, Miroslav (referee)
Basis: Statistical data of the Police of the Czech Republic show that secondary drug crime is widespread among abusers of addictive substances in the entire Czech Republic. The crime is mainly due to the need for financial resources for buying the addictive substance. As a result, every addictive substance abuser is perceived as a potential perpetrator of a crime. Aim: The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out the incidence of secondary drug criminality in the clients of the contact center DRUG - OUT Klub, z. s. in Ústí nad Labem, and to study the effect of selected influential demographic factors (gender, age, type of addictive substance, duration of addictive substance abuse). Methods and Research Sample: The research was conducted in the drug addiction treatment center DRUG - OUT Klub, s. z. in Ústí nad Labem using a questionnaire. The research respondents were problem abusers of opioids and stimulants. The research sample was selected with help of the institution. Every client of the contact center, who was a problem opioid or stimulant abuser, was over 18 years old, and agreed to be part of the research could participate. The research sample consisted of 362 problem abusers of opioids and stimulants. Among those were 201 men (60 opioid abusers, 141 stimulant abusers) and 161 women (55...
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The Quality of life for drug dependent clients before and after the institutional treatment in Prague
Brachtlová, Veronika ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Novotný, Miroslav (referee)
BACKGROUND: Quality of life is defined by WHO as an individual perception of one's own position in life, taking into account cultural aspects of the society and a system of values in which the individual lives, as well as his/her goals, standard of living and interests. Because quality of life measure is strongly a subjective measure, it can only be assessed by the individual himself/herself. AIMS: The aim of this thesis was to compare of the quality of life of drug users before and after institutional treatment. SAMPLE AND METHODS: WHOQOL- BREF questionnaire was employed to collect the data. A research sample consisted of all clients (both men and women) in the institutional treatment at the department of treatment of dependencies at the Clinic of Addictology, The clients filled the questionnaire in before treatment entry or within the first week after treatment entry, and at the release from the treatment. RESULTS: None of the clients was very satisfied with his/her quality of life before treatment. After treatment, the quality of life was perceived as positive rather by women. After treatment, 44% of women found their quality of life good, whereas it was assessed as very good by 13% of women. The overall perception of the quality of life in the male population has not changed much. Regarding the...
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