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Treatment options for untreatable amoeba Naegleria fowleri
Veselý, Martin ; Mach, Jan (advisor) ; Arbon, Dominik (referee)
Naegleria fowleri is a free-living protist which can penetrate the body of a previously healthy person and cause meningoencephalitis. The rapid course, disproportionately strong immune response and the lack of effective drugs are the reasons why this disease almost always ends fatally. Due to the relative rarity of this disease, it is not lucrative for pharmaceutical companies to develop a completely new drug. The only way to search for effective drugs is to test those that have already been approved for another purpose. However, clinical tests are not possible due to the low morbidity and rapid course of the disease, and research in this area is thus limited to animal models of the disease and evaluation of the effect of drugs against the pathogen in vitro. Currently used medication includes drugs that are highly toxic or poorly penetrate the site of inflammation. In the future, more effective chemotherapy against N. fowleri and more gentle towards patient could be used. This work summarizes knowledge about pathogenic amoeba, currently used drugs and presents new experimentally tested therapeutics.
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Case Study of Physiotherapeutic Care of a Patient after Stabilization of the Acromioclavicular joint.
Čamr, František ; Novotná, Irena (advisor) ; Šachová, Dana (referee)
v Abstract Author: František Čamr Supervisor: Mgr. Irena Novotná Title: Case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after stabilization of the acromioclavicular joint. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to present a case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after stabilization of acromioclavicular joint, to provide a theoretical introduction to the issue and to prove the effect of selected physiotherapeutic methods and procedures in practice. Methods: This thesis was prepared during a continuous professional practice at the clinic of the Centre for Treatment of the Musculoskeletal System in the period from 9. 1. 2023 to 3. 2. 2023. The case report of physiotherapy care of the patient consists of a medical history, initial kinesiological examination, on the basis of which a short-term and long- term therapeutic plan was determined. Nine therapeutic units were performed, ending with an exit kinesiological examination and an assessment of the effect of therapy. Results: During nine therapies, the patient's physical condition improved. The improvements were mainly in range of motion in the shoulder joint, increased muscle strength, and improved movement patterns and activities of daily living. Conclusion: The above bachelor's thesis demonstrates that effective physiotherapy can return a patient...
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Potential of mesenchymal stem cells and nanoparticles in the treatment of retinal disorders
Kettner, Ondřej ; Heřmánková, Barbora (advisor) ; Filová, Eva (referee)
Retinal degenerative diseases are recognized worldwide as one of the predominant causes underlying irreversible visual impairment and even blindness. The current standard treatment has helped in both the prevention and supportive treatment of several pathologies, especially if they relate to the retina. However, many of these methods are rather invasive in terms of procedure with the subsequent possibility of infection, inflammation or even retinal detachment with the potential risk of vision loss. These restrictions represent a significant cost to patients' quality of life and also have an economic impact on the healthcare system, so new treatment options are being sought. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell therapy tool for the treatment of many previously untreatable defects and diseases. In addition to MSCs, the use of nanoparticles and nanofibrous carriers is currently being studied in the diagnosis and therapy of retinal diseases. Combining the immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of MSCs and nanotechnologies offers a promising therapeutic strategy for a number of diseases. This thesis is therefore devoted to the current state of the use of nanomaterials, MSCs and their combination that may provide new opportunities in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.
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Case study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient after reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Irani, Aryan ; Maršáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament. Thesis Aim: The aim of this thesis is to understand the theoretical background of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures, surgery and rehabilitation. Further, it aims to analyse the effect of therapeutical procedures that were applied to the patient. Clinical Findings: This study evaluated the state of a 34 year old professional male football player after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament on the right knee. The examination showed findings of reduced range of motion, reduced mobility of joints, differences in the conditions of muscles and soft tissue and decreased stability in the right lower extremity. Methods: The methods used for this study were based on the knowledge gained and the literature that was provided to me by the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University in Prague. Result: The patient that I have worked with progressed very well after the 10 therapy sessions. Progress was seen in terms of his range of motion, muscle strength and stability in the right lower extremity. Additionally, all the therapies used were seen to be effective in the patient's diagnosis. Conclusion: The therapies used were beneficial and effective in the specific diagnosis...
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The influence of manual therapy of cervical spine and temporomandibular joint on tinnitus.
Sakr, Mohamad ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Vláčilová, Ivana (referee)
To assess the effectiveness of physical interventions for cervicogenic and temporomandibular joints to reduce Tinnitus. Moreover, this systematic review will assess various physical therapy and optimal tinnitus management approaches. Methodology A systematic review of potential literature was performed following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive electronic search across PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, Embase, Cochrane library, and Scopus from 1991 to October 2022. I assessed the standard mean difference of intervention within and between the studies. The quality assessment of randomized and non-randomized control trials is performed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale respectively. Results Nine studies were included in this systematic review (1 cohort and 8 clinical trials). 470 patients were included overall. I used Visual analog scale (5 studies), Tinnitus handicap inventory (4 studies) and self-design questionnaires (3 studies) to describe the results. Different manual therapies were used to intervene and all of them showed statistically significant effect in improving subjective tinnitus in patients. Conclusion The results of this systematic review suggested a favorable role of manual therapy for the management of tinnitus. Prominent change in the pain...
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Preferences and knowledge of physiotherapists in the field of idiopathic scoliosis in the Czech Republic
Smetánková, Tereza ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Author: Bc. Tereza Smetánková Supervisor: Doc. PaedDr. Dagmar Pavlů, CSc. Title: Preferences and knowledge of physiotherapists in the field of idiopathic scoliosis in the Czech Republic Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the preferences and knowledge of physiotherapists in the field of treatment of idiopathic scoliosis in the Czech Republic in relation to their education, the length of their experience with patients with idiopathic scoliosis and postgraduate courses. Methods: The questionnaire was created by experts in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis from different European countries. A total of 221 respondents (from the Czech Republic) participated in the survey. The evaluation was then carried out using Microsoft Excel. Results: The percentage of correct answers of the group of respondents with higher education exceeded the percentage of correct answers of therapists with lower education in each of our selected questions. It was also shown that having more years of experience in physiotherapy does not mean having better knowledge and being more confident in the tasks related to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis. More general knowledge related to brace treatment proved to be quite satisfactory for the respondents, whereas more detailed...
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Physiotherapy options for heel spurs
FIŠAROVÁ, Barbora
In my bachelor thesis I am looking into the possibilities of physiotherapy for heel spurs. Heel spur is a very common and unpleasant complication of everyday life. It is an ossification of the attachment of the plantar fascia to the calcaneus, which is accompanied by inflammation. In the theoretical part I describe the anatomy of the foot, where I mainly deal with the foot arches, the muscles clamping in the foot and the muscle loops. I also discuss heel spurs, for which I am interested in the origin, risk factors, diagnosis and prevention. Finally, I describe a selection of methods that may be effective in the treatment of heel spurs. My research population consisted of three patients diagnosed with heel spurs who I met with for twelve weeks. The research was conducted through the development of case reports which included a history taken, an initial kinesiological analysis, a description of nine therapies and an exit kinesiological analysis. Based on the data collected, a booklet was created with exercises suitable for the treatment of heel spurs. The first aim of my bachelor thesis was to describe the problem of heel spurs and its most common treatments from the available literature sources. The second aim was to find physiotherapy options for heel spurs. The research showed that regular practice of my chosen methods and exercises is beneficial for the treatment of heel spurs. Patients reported that at the end of the research, the pain associated with heel spurs was relieved. Their posture and gait stereotype improved, instability in the foot and hip joint disappeared and the functionality of deep stabilization system of the spine improved. This bachelor thesis can be used as study material for physiotherapy students, as teaching material, but it can also be beneficial for lay people who would like to learn more about heel spurs. The booklet entitled "Exercises suitable for the treatment of heel spurs" was created to help people with heel spurs.
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Alcoholism in the family
PODGORSKÁ, Kateřina
The purpose of the thesis is to look into the lives of adult children of alcoholics. The aim of the thesis is to compare the links among the educational environment, genetic predisposition of children of alcoholics and their own choice and attitude towards alcohol. I will find out if the children of alcoholics live a different life than the one handed down to tohem in their childhood. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part, I focus on information about alcohol, addictions and family. This information is fundamental for the practical part. The practical part is devoted to research about adult children of alcoholics. Using the method of semi-structured interviews, I try to achieve the main goal of the work. In the end, I will eveluate whether I have fulfilled the objective of the bachelor's thesis.
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