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Death and Intersubjectivity
Härtel, Filip Hanuš ; Němec, Václav (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee)
The topic of this thesis is a relation between two constitutive aspects of out existence: death and intersubjectivity. The way how to research these issues is an interpretation of main concepts and notions contained in these texts. On the basis of the comparison of these concepts, notions and whole philosophical stands offers this thesis a perspective of comprehension to the topic of death and intersubjectivity.
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Searching for the meaning of beauty in relation to truth and freedom on the grounds of art and pedagogy
Klimešová, Petra ; Hůla, Zdenek (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Prázný, Aleš (referee)
In the research called Searching for the meaning of beauty in relation to truth and freedom on the grounds of art and pedagogy, I deal with the topic of how beauty is perceived in art education and contemporary art. Specifically, I focus on the question of what is the experience of artists and educators with the perception of beauty? At the same time, I study Hegel's Aesthetics, in which Hegel describes art and beauty as a tool through which we discover / uncover ourselves and approach the absolute spirit. This uncovering or unhiddeness is also a term for truth (alétheia), which is a key element of Jan Patočka's and Anna Hogen's philosophy. In his philosophical work, Patočka and subsequently Hogen strive to return to her original source through self-knowledge (gnothi seauton), and by this idea all work is inspired as a search for meaning. The work is divided into three areas. The first part deals with the theoretical introduction to the whole research issue. The concept of beauty itself, the problem of objectivity and subjectivity of knowledge, the aesthetic basis of contemporary art and also Hegel's concept of aesthetics and the issue of perception. The second part reflects the statements of individual respondents. In response to the testimony, ten areas were created that relate in some way to...
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The concept of existence by Karl Jaspers
Šulcová, Irena ; Zika, Richard (advisor) ; Marek, Jakub (referee)
EN: Jaspers came to philosophy from medicine and psychology. Unique personal situation, authentic life experience, unrepeatable faithful self-respect turned psychopathologist Jaspers from psychiatric physiology of soul to the thesis of ciphers of transcendence, borderline, edge and horizon. He constituted his own pattern of the thinker not only as an explaining teacher, but also as co-creator of original ethics, based on deep comprehension of the other, importance of encompassing communication between man and man. First section of my work deals with the concept of Border. Our attitudes and picture of the universe and its evaluation are limited by borders. The holistic complex being remains behind the horizon The second part is dedicated to border-line situation as an phenomenon of possibility, as seen from the point of view of Jaspers own existence, as presented in his Philosophy, including commentary based on new translations by Vaclav Nemec Closing part deals with existential communication and holistic transition from possible to new horizons of transcendence. My interpretation of chosen excerpts comes mostly from "Allgemeine Psychopathologie" "Psychologie der Weltanschauungen." Quotations appear in my own translation. KEY WORDS: Prophetic philosophy, philosophy as treatment of world opinion,...
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The temporality of the Romantics. Notes on the conception and figuration of time
Hrbata, Zdeněk
The intensive awareness or experience of time is one of the central topics of 19th century literature, particularly among authors considered Romantic. By way of several examples we focus on the poetry of these individuals (e.g. A. de Lamartine, V. Hugo and J. Vrchlický), whose work attempts to confront the irreversible course of time (the ancient, Virgilian subject: „fugit irreparabile tempus“, also dealt with by e.g. Petrarch and Pierre de Ronsard) by invoking and resurrecting the past, conserving and immortalizing the past, and with memories. For example, this penetrates the present of the subject and is involved in the creation of the continuum, when the passage of time, which in the Romantic conception of art is to be resisted by creation itself, does not necessarily entail disappearance and loss. In contrast to this we have Baudelaire's figures and the figure of time as the universal evil, the destructive enemy of the people provoking constant anxiety, the destroyer who cannot be eliminated, but who can, at least temporarily, be resisted by various forms of escape.
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Islamic Art
Šuková, Petra ; Čech, Viktor (advisor) ; Pfeiffer, Jan (referee)
TITLE: Islamic Art AUTHOR: Petra Šuková, Bc. DEPARTMENT: Department of Art Education SUPERVISOR: Viktor Čech, Mgr. ABSTRACT: Object of this thesis is an investigation of islamic art in a context of islamic doctrine with stress on elements which islam has in common with the jewish-christian culture, which was an inspiration for islam as well. The thesis compares certain trends and characters in these monoteistic religions with reference to mutual influences between western and eastern culture, which have been continuing even nowadays. The main object of interest is a human body and its carnality as well as the stereotypes we have about this topic. These stereotypes and prejudices towards islam and islamic art are also the issue for the practical and didactic part, when pupils will have an opportunity to try ornamental and nonfigurative way of depiction as well as a figurative and contemporary islamic art influenced by the western culture. KEYWORDS: islam, nonfigurative art, body, holy books, taboo, transcendence, mysticism, christianity, judaism, identity, stereotype, contemporary art, islamophobia
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The Concept of Transcendence of Human Being as The Supernatural. A Comparison of Opinions of H. de Lubac and J. Milbank
Čadanová, Lucie ; Brož, Prokop (advisor) ; Nosek, Lukáš (referee)
ČADANOVÁ, Lucie. The Concept of Transcendence of Human Being as The Supernatural. A Comparison of Opinions of H. de Lubac and J. Milbank This work deals with the conception of the supernatural by Henri de Lubac and the reception of this concept in work of Anglican theologian John Milbank, one of the leading representative of the Radical Orthodoxy movement. The introductory part of the work explained the concepts of naturalness, supernature and grace and their mutual relationship, as well as the historical development of theological thinking about the supernatural destination of man. In the following chapters we elucidate the way how these theologians are dealing with the question of transcend destination of the human being. We attempt to crystallize the main points of contact and the differences between their approaches. Keywords supernatural; theological anthropology; transcendence; H. de Lubac; J. Milbank
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The number π and continued fractions
Švejdová, Aneta ; Halas, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Slavík, Antonín (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with one of the well-known mathematical constants, the number π. The form is understandable to higher-year students of secondary schools interested in mathematics. At first, it presents the best known ways people in history tried to approximate the number π. It includes the methods of Egyptians, the people of ancient Mesopotamia and the method of Archimedes. It also presents expressing π in the form of infinite product according to F. Viète and J. Wallis. The second part of the thesis focuses on expressing the number π by continued fractions, which are at first generally defined. We introduce essential relations among them. Then the thesis presents expressing the number π in the form of continued fractions according to J. H. Lambert, L. Euler and W. Brouncker. Finally, proofs of the irrationality of π using continued fractions are presented together with a simple proof of its transcendence. The aim of the thesis is to extend information about π stated in popular books, to explain and clarify basic ideas leading to these claims.
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The natural world by Husserl and Patočka
ANDERSOVÁ, Adéla
The aim of this work is to introduce a problem of natural world by Edmund Husserl and Jan Patočka. This work introduces phenomenological philosophy in short as a distinctive philosophical field with its specific method. In particular passages, the work deals with Edmund Husserl first as he is the founder of this philosophy and a discoverer of "natural world". Further, it introduces more elaborate structures of "natural world" by Patočka with his own notion.
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The concept of existence by Karl Jaspers
Šulcová, Irena ; Zika, Richard (advisor) ; Marek, Jakub (referee)
EN: Jaspers came to philosophy from medicine and psychology. Unique personal situation, authentic life experience, unrepeatable faithful self-respect turned psychopathologist Jaspers from psychiatric physiology of soul to the thesis of ciphers of transcendence, borderline, edge and horizon. He constituted his own pattern of the thinker not only as an explaining teacher, but also as co-creator of original ethics, based on deep comprehension of the other, importance of encompassing communication between man and man. First section of my work deals with the concept of Border. Our attitudes and picture of the universe and its evaluation are limited by borders. The holistic complex being remains behind the horizon The second part is dedicated to border-line situation as an phenomenon of possibility, as seen from the point of view of Jaspers own existence, as presented in his Philosophy, including commentary based on new translations by Vaclav Nemec Closing part deals with existential communication and holistic transition from possible to new horizons of transcendence. My interpretation of chosen excerpts comes mostly from "Psychologie der Weltanschauungen." Quotations appear in my own translation.
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