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Screw conveyor for transport to steel shot blasting
Staněk, Ladislav ; Malášek, Jiří (referee) ; Škopán, Miroslav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is the design and the design of screw conveyor for transporting steel shot blast machines to steel components according to the supplied parameters. Here is the calculation of the basic dimensions of the conveyor, the design of the propulsion system, the calculation of the filling of the trough, the determination of the total weight of the Auger, Auger and saving design strength control functional parts, this work is composed of technical reports and drawings.
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Minor Liberty and Major Liberty: For a decolonial reading of the philosophical genesis in Colombia
Meneses Alvarez, Nicolas ; Maesschalck, Marc (advisor) ; Pontière, Grégory (referee) ; Álvarez Villarreal, Lina Marcela (referee)
Title : MINOR LIBERTY AND MAJOR LIBERTY: For a decolonial reading of the philosophical genesis in Colombia. Abstract : This research endeavours to restore the philosophical foundations of freedom at work in the protectorate of Indians and the praxis of the first bishop of Popayan Juan del Valle as a primordial moment of philosophical activity in Colombia, and then to show its contradictions not only as regards its provisions but as regards the freedom and tradition properly indigenous. We call this major freedom after the major right and duty of the Misak people. Key-words : freedom, Major/Minor, Relationnality/Substantiality, Nupirau, Pishi, Protectorate of Indians, Things-concepts, Snail, Concretion/Abstraction.
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Use of terrestrial gastropods in ecotoxicity tests
Fojt, Pavel ; Komendová, Renata (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
The subject of this disertation is the use of terrestrial gastropods in ecotoxicity tests. Specifically, the use of a cosmopolitan terrestric gastropod Helix aspersa aspersa (syn. Cantareus aspersus or Cornu aspersum). The whole life cycle of this snail is very closely related the soil ekosystem. Here, the snails participates in some of the very important processes like the decomposition of the dead organic matter. This work is focused on the use of these snails to evaluate potential negative effect of some selected elements, which could, in different volumes, enter the soil ecosystem. The next task is to divide the ecotoxicity tests to different categories, depending on the life stage of this organism and then to compare the sensitivity of those life stages to different levels of contamination by certain pollutants.
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The role of humoral factors in the snail immune response against schistosomes
Košťáková, Monika ; Horák, Petr (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
Digenetic trematodes such as Schistosoma mansoni use molluscs, mainly Gastropoda in their life cycle, as their intermediary hosts. e internal defense system (IDS) of snails is composed of immune cells called hemocytes, which are the main effectors and act jointly with soluble components. Humoral factors could in uence directly the parasite's larval stage, the activity of hemocytes and also may serve in recognition of the parasite. Lectins are considered to be the main component of humoral immunity. ey have a primary role in non-self recognition. Other protein group with lectin-like activity called FRePs was found in Biomphalaria glabrata. eir unique structure contains a brinogen and an immunoglobulin-like domain. Cytokine-like molecules may play very important role in defense as well. Many molecules are present in hemolymph and their levels change during infection. e response to parasitosis is therefore very complex and still awaits further clari cation.
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Ontogenesis of trematode larval stages of the family Fasciolidae in the intermediate snail hosts.
Pankrác, Jan ; Kašný, Martin (advisor) ; Soldánová, Miroslava (referee)
The family Fasciolidae is an important group of trematodes including serious pathogens of humans and livestock. The life cycle is divided into two phases - sexual reproduction in the definitive host body (large land mammals) and an asexual reproduction in the intermediate host body (aquatic snails of the family Lymnaeidae and Planorbidae). Development within the snail host is characterized by production of large amounts of parasite larvae (sporocyst, rediae, cercariae). Cercariae released from the snail immediately start to transform into metacercariae, the larval stages infectious for definitive host. Snail phase of infection is generally accompanied by number of mostly negative symptoms (massive pathological changes, often followed by reduction of fertility). This summary reveals that current knowledge concerning the ontogenetic development of fasciolids in the intermediate host is uncomplete and unequally investigated. According to this summary is also obvious that some of the published findings are universally valid for all members of the family Fasciolidae and other are characteristic only for particular species.
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Radiation-induced plasticity of prostate cancer cells
Kyjacová, Lenka ; Hodný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bouchal, Jan (referee) ; Vomastek, Tomáš (referee)
Resistance of various cancers to conventional therapies including radio- and chemo- therapy is one of the most investigated phenomena in the molecular and clinical oncology. Recurrent disease is characterized by the presence of metastases, which are responsible for 90% of cancer-related mortality. Fractionated ionizing radiation (fIR) combined with surgery or hormone therapy represent the first-choice treatment for medium to high risk localized prostate carcinoma (PCa). In PCa, the failure of radiotherapy (RT) is often caused by radioresistance and further dissemination of escaping (surviving) cells. To investigate the radioresistance-associated phenotype, we exposed four metastasis- derived human PCa cell lines (DU145, PC-3, LNCaP, and 22RV1) to clinically relevant daily fractions of ionizing radiation (fIR; 35 doses of 2 Gy) resulting in generation of two surviving populations: adherent senescent-like cells expressing common senescence-associated markers and non-adherent anoikis-resistant stem cell-like cells with active Notch signaling and expression of stem cell markers CD133, Oct-4, Sox2, and Nanog. While the radioresistant adherent cells were capable to resume proliferation shortly after the end of irradiation, the non- adherent cells started to proliferate only after their reattachment...
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Role of transcription factor Snail in mechanism of development of radiorezistence in prostate carcinoma cell lines
Davidová, Eliška ; Hodný, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Benada, Jan (referee)
The frequent cause of failure of prostate carcinoma radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the emergence of resistance and a progress into the essentially incurable metastatic form of disease. Although the mechanisms of the radioresistance and chemoresistance are still not well understood, recent studies indicate that transcription factor Snail, a key mediator of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and subsequent metastasis formation, plays a critical role in the development of the chemoresistance and radioresistance in the tumor cells. As the activation of the optimal DNA damage response pathway is the determining factor for the cell survival after chemotherapy and radiotherapy, we hypothesized the role of Snail in the transcription regulation of these processes. In this study, we first analyzed the relationship between Snail and ATM kinase, as the ATM was recently reported to regulate stability of Snail by its phosphorylation. Although, we observed a modest effect of ATM inhibition on Snail levels after cancer cells exposure to ionizing radiation, we did not fully reproduced the recently published findings. Furthermore, we evaluated the role of Snail in transcription regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21waf1/cip1 . Our data point towards the suppressive role of Snail in p21waf1/cip1...
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Early embryonal development and morphogenesis of selected organ systems of the rediae and cercariae of Fascioloides magna.
Pankrác, Jan ; Kašný, Martin (advisor) ; Macůrková, Marie (referee)
Fascioloides magna (giant liver fluke) is a digenetic trematode with two-host life cycle and high veterinary importancy. Typical definitive host is a deer (Cervidae), but many other species from different families can be accidentally infected, for example sheep, goat or cattle. Very important role in the life cycle of F. magna has the first host - fresh water snail of the family Lymnaeidae. Three different life stages of F. magna, two of them with ability of reproduction - sporocysts and rediae develop in the body of snail. The third stage - cercaria is produced by rediae. Cercariae are able to escape from the snail, encyst and become infective for the definitive host. Since the second half of the 19th century many researchers studied the development of particular stages in the first intermediate host, but many characteristics of this process are still not fully understood. This thesis should reveal some of unanswered questions concerning to the reproduction and ontogenetic development of trematodes, which is presented on the examples of three organ systems - muscles, nerves and excretory system of rediae and cercariae of F. magna.
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Usage of dissection of invertebrate animals in education of biology at secondary school
Ondrová, Radka ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The thesis is focused on anatomy and implementation of dissections of 4 selected model invertebrates in school practice. The selected model species include swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea), stick insect (Medauroidea extradentata), cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) and sea urchin (Echinus esculentus). In case of the cockchafer, the text is based on this model species, but the supporting photographs of dissection are taken from the tropical cetoniid beetle Pachnoda, which has very similar internal anatomy with the cockchafer. For all selected animals, I describe external and internal morphology as well as recommended methods of obtaining the material, proper killing of specimens, and dissection techniques. The text is supplemented with original digital macrophotographs. The thesis includes also an overview of primary and secondary school textbooks with focus on anatomy of the selected animals. The text is supplemented by a glossary of morphological terminology used in this thesis. Attached is a photographic atlas of dissections, which is a combination of this master thesis and my bachelor thesis (defended in 2010), in which I dealt with five model invertebrates in the same way. This is Ascaris suum, Lumbricus terrestris, Helix pomatia, Procambarus aff. fallax and Archimandrita tesselata. The complete...
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Ontogenesis of trematode larval stages of the family Fasciolidae in the intermediate snail hosts.
Pankrác, Jan ; Kašný, Martin (advisor) ; Soldánová, Miroslava (referee)
The family Fasciolidae is an important group of trematodes including serious pathogens of humans and livestock. The life cycle is divided into two phases - sexual reproduction in the definitive host body (large land mammals) and an asexual reproduction in the intermediate host body (aquatic snails of the family Lymnaeidae and Planorbidae). Development within the snail host is characterized by production of large amounts of parasite larvae (sporocyst, rediae, cercariae). Cercariae released from the snail immediately start to transform into metacercariae, the larval stages infectious for definitive host. Snail phase of infection is generally accompanied by number of mostly negative symptoms (massive pathological changes, often followed by reduction of fertility). This summary reveals that current knowledge concerning the ontogenetic development of fasciolids in the intermediate host is uncomplete and unequally investigated. According to this summary is also obvious that some of the published findings are universally valid for all members of the family Fasciolidae and other are characteristic only for particular species.
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