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Use of addictive medication in the Czech Republic
Brožková, Lenka ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Rolová, Gabriela (referee)
Background: The use of psychoactive prescription drugs (PPDs) in the patient population is poorly studied in Czechia. Aims: (i) To investigate the prevalence of PPDs use; (ii) to estimate the extent of doctor shopping (DS); (iii) to explore the association between the repeated use of PPD, DS and subsequent addiction care. Design and setting: Pharmacoepidemiological study using the precription database and the database of reimbursed health services of health insurance company Zamestnanecka pojistovna Skoda (2012-2021). Participants: Insurees (n=146,177; male n=71,013; female n=75,164) represented by approximately 340,000 health records. Measurements: To identify drug use in the form of DS we analyzed prescription overlaps from multiple health care providers. The association between repeated use of PPD and provided health services was determined by analyzing the drug history of insurees who received any type of addiction service. Findings: We found that more than half of the insurees who used the opioid analgesic also used anxiolytic drugs in the same year. The highest proportion of insurees with DS was related to stimulant use (3.37%). Regarding opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines, the proportions were similar (OA 2.25%; BZD 2.37%). The number of duplicit prescriptions per doctor shopper was the...
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Screen use by children aged 6-9 years
Svobodová, Lucie ; Lukavská, Kateřina (advisor) ; Pavlas Martanová, Veronika (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the usage of digital technologies by children of early school age (1st to 3rd grade of elementary school). The aim of the thesis is to map in detail the use of screens in children aged 6-9 years and determine the age that would be suitable for the implementation of prevention programs aimed at the healthy use of technologies by children. The research is interested in how much time the children of a given age spend using electronic screens and what type of screens they usually use, what activities they do on the device, how the use differs between boys and girls and whether there are differences in use by children among the first three grades of primary school. The chosen research design is a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in an online form intended for parents. The results of the research showed that the amount of screen time increased with the age of the child and a larger increase was observed mainly in children in the 3rd grade of primary school. Most often, children spend time on mobile devices (smartphone or tablet) and watching TV. We also noticed a slight increase in the use of game consoles for boys in the 3rd grade of primary school, while girls use these devices hardly ever. Thus, prevention programs and education on the safe use and the risks...
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Qualitative study of alcohol among the elderly population in the rural area
Machová, Jana ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
Background: The global trend of population ageing causes in new challenges, one of them is a wider dedication to the mental health of the elderly. In line with the mental health of the elderly the alcohol consumption issues among this group are still in place and those are one of the crucial factors that might causes negative impact on the health of the elderly. There is a large group of seniors in the Czech population living in the cities however numerous groups of the seniors still live also in the countryside where the living is very different to the one in the cities and there are also many specifics in alcohol consumption among those living in the countryside. Aims: The qualitative study aims to learn about the subjective evaluation of the alcohol consumption among the elderly in a small village community through the deep interviews and thus enriches the contemporary knowledge of the alcohol consumption level among the elderly. Methods: Semi-structured interviews complemented by the AUDIT screening questionnaire were executed within the 14 elderly in a small village during July - August 2019. The research group consisted of 5 men and 9 women aged 65 and over was selected using a simple purposeful selection method. The data were processed by thematic analysis. Results: The results of the study...
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