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Selected issues of nature and landscape protection in Czech law (The mining towers in Microregion Frenstatsko's case)
Slabá, Jana ; Humlíčková, Petra (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a historical development of the nature preservation. Then it shifts its focus to various commitments emerging from the international as well as EU laws. At the international level, the work individually describes several international contracts related to the preservation of natural ecosystems. Within the scope of the European law, the thesis focuses on the realization of the nature preservation, using the system called Natura 2000 and its factual implementation into the Czech law. The text also examines the nature preservation and its impacts in the constitution of the Czech Republic. After a brief introduction to the law no. 114/1992 Coll., on the preservation of nature and landscape, the work in detail analyzes individual categories of general and specific territorial preservation. Finally, the thesis examines the case study on the mining towers in the micro-region Frenštátsko in the context of several questions related to the preservation of nature and landscape.
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How do bird species richness and abundance differ between military training areas and surrounding landscape? A case study from the Hradiště military area
Bušek, Ondřej ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Koleček, Jaroslav (referee)
Since the beginning of the 20th century human land use changed drastically in Central Europe. These changes included: homogenization of the landscape mosaic, intensification of agriculture, urbanization and land abandonment. In turn, these changes affected bird species and perhaps most significantly manifested in population decline of open habitat birds. Therefore, it is important to investigate sites, which were not affected by the changes mentioned above, such as military training areas (MTAs) - places dedicated to training of armed forces. Previous studies have shown that MTAs seem to host remarkably high bird diversity and abundant populations of bird species of conservation concern. This may be caused by two major factors. First, closure of MTAs to all human activies besides military training spared them of the landscape changes mentioned above. Second, the military training itself produces a very heterogeneous habitat mosaic that allows coexistence of many species with different ecological requirements. To my knowledge, no study compared bird assemblages between MTAs and surrounding landscape directly. At the same time, such data are crucial to assess the value of MTAs for bird conservation reliably and, as a consequence, they enable to think more deeply about mechanism generating this value....
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Various methods of soil transfer and inoculation in restoration ecology
Hurychová, Hana ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Alena (referee)
Soil translocation is a method used in restoration ecology to either salvage habitats threatened by human activity or to restore disturbed habitats. There are various factors affecting the success rate of translocation operations which include the proper selection of a receptor site, method of soil manipulation, soil stockpiling and adequate aftercare. Different methods of soil stripping distinct in their success rates and application for use in habitat restoration, mainly in regards to their effect on the resultant community composition and financial costs. Translocations can result in decrease of biodiversity, but may be a viable option for locations of high conservation value where conservation in situ is not possible, allowing for quick restoration of mature ecosystems. Thorough surveys prior to and after the operation and sufficient allocation of resources are a key factor for successful translocation of soils and the associated biota. Additional research in the fields of invasions, comparison of methods and data analysis of translocation projects may improve the utilization of this technique in the future.
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Action plans and protection of ground squirrels
Novotná, Kristýna ; Matějů, Jan (advisor) ; Reif, Jiří (referee)
Unfortunately, the number of endangered species is still increasing, in most cases due to the human activities. The main aim of the protection of species is to provide conditions for survival of endangered species in nature. However, for some species the common instruments of protection (such as protection of habitat) are not sufficient and it is necessary to use some special methods. For these species are organized so-called action plans. Among such species belongs the European Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus citellus). We can find also other endangered species within ground squirrels from the tribe Marmotini Pocock, 1923 as well. These species need the special protection methods, like captive breeding, repatriation and translocation of individuals or special management of the habitat. In this work are processed data about protection of genera Cynomys, Marmota and Spermophilus, especially White-tailed Prairie Dog (C. leucurus), Utah Prairie Dog (C. parvidens), Alpine Marmot (M. marmota), Vancouver Island Marmot (M. vancouverensis), Idaho Ground Squirrel (S. brunneus), European Ground Squirrel (S. citellus), Franklin's Ground Squirrel (S. franklinii), Speckled Ground Squirrel (S. suslicus) and Washington ground squirrel (S. washingtoni). Actual status and cause of endangerment are given for each...
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Our world exists behind the fence too. A Case Study of the Association for Embellishment in Jílové u Prahy
Riegerová, Dina ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Binka, Bohuslav (referee)
The graduation thesis is focused on the phenomenon of Embellishment and by using a case study particulary researches the Association for Embellishment in Jílové u Prahy. The subject of my study is related character of former and present Association. Using a semi-structured interview process, I have attempted to find out how important local cultural tradition is for civic members and how far it is only a formal pattern for resumption of association's activities after 1989. I also tried to determine how the present Association deals with a current environmental issues and how it is used in practice.
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Basis for conservation assessment of Plant diversity of dry basic habitats within the forest environment in the Doksy region
Martinec, Pavel ; Sádlo, Jiří (advisor) ; Pivnička, Karel (referee)
Theme: Basis for conservation assessment of Plant diversity of dry basic habitats within the forest environment in the Doksy region Abstract: The subject of present study is high species richness of vascular plants on localities of dry basic habitats in Doksy region. This habitats are enclosed by nutrients poor habitats of coniferous forests, restricted to small areas and spatially isolated. The dry basic habitats represent high valuable areas for nature conservation due to high α-diversity and occurence of rare plant species with scarce populations within flora of Czech Republic. The aim of study is to collect and review known data about dry basic habitats of Doksy region and their biodiversity. Consequently find optimal approaches in analysis of biodiversity and approach in interpretation for nature conservation. Actual status of flora and vegetation depend on environmental factors, biotic interaction, evolution and historic development. The perspective theoretical approach in species diversity analysis shows the species-pool hypothesis (Taylor et al. 1990) which assorts and describes these factors. Keywords: biodivesity, vascular plants, Doksy region, species-pool hypothesis, nature conservation
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Geographic Information Systems in the field of environment and nature protection
Zrzavecká, Lada ; Bravený, Libor (advisor) ; Vaníčková, Lucie (referee)
The bachelor thesis summarize and refer to importance and effective using Geographic Information Systems in the field of environment and nature protection. The first and second chapter summarize historical development, main terms and principles of these systems to handle the problem. The third chapter deals with using GIS in the field of environment and presents examples and analysis of services and technologies in nature protection. The fourth chapter presents work with software and own concrete examples and definite possibilities. The final fifth chapter summarize and evaluates obtained results and outlines further possible development. [Authors' abstract].
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Military training areas as anthropogenic biodiversity refuges
Bušek, Ondřej ; Reif, Jiří (advisor) ; Marhoul, Pavel (referee)
Military training areas are used by armed forces as training territories. These areas are exposed to intensive anthropogenic disturbances. It may seem paradoxical that a number of studies had shown that on those particular areas is often present remarkably high biodiversity and numerous species of conservation concern. In this respect, military training areas are more valuable than most parts of surrounding landscape and thus form true biodiversity refuges. Particularly important are those areas for open habitats species. There are two main causes of uniqueness of military training areas. First, they are closed for any human activities not connected to military training. Because of this, these areas were not exposed to negative influences such as agricultural intensification or urbanization. Second, military activities create very heterogeneous habitat mosaic. This allows coexistence of many species with different ecological requirements. However, biota of military training areas is currently endangered due to abandonment by armed forces caused by downsizing national troops. The end of unique disturbance regime caused by military training leads to gradual homogenization of landscape mosaic and therefore to population decline of habitat specialists. Subsequent commercial development of these areas is another...
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