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Změny krajinného krytu na území Národního parku Podyjí
PĚNKA, Tomáš
In this diploma thesis, I studied land use and land cover changes in the territory of Podyjí National Park during a period of almost 80 years. The background data were obtained from black-and-white aerial pictures from 1952, 1974 and 1989 further supplemented by two vectorized layers from 1938 and 2014. The main trends in the studied areas were a substantial growth of forest areas, decrease of permanent grasslands, and the agricultural areas. Analyses using landscape metrics showed that closed forest cover increased from 66% to 75% between 1952, 1974 and 1989. Moreover, during the same time period the area of open woodlands decreased by 3% (from 10% to 7%). The obtained results also indicated the gradual homogenization of the landscape, with changes in forest management having the greatest impact. Such trend might be dangerous especially for rare species associated with open forest habitats.
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Proposal of an educational nature trail for primary school pupils in the Český les (Bohemian Forest) Protected Landscape Area
SVOBODOVÁ, Věra
Places and objects of both natural and historical interest located with in the Český les (Bohemian Forest) Protected Landscape Area are dealt with, focusing on the nature and history related topics. A route comprising 14 educational stays mutually combinable according to the relevant subject matter is proposed, which makes many alternative routes possible. In view of the difficulty grade, this walk is suitable for the primary school forms four and five. For most of the educational stays a working sheet has been elaborated, and for the guides a methodical handbook containing instruction for each and every stay mentioned. Proposing this, this diploma thesis aims at acquainting (at least partially) the beauties of the almost intact nature of the Protected Landscape Area said to the school children, arousing interest in its protection in them.
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Natural attractions of the Eagle Hills and their using in the basic teaching and natural science
BAŘINOVÁ, Zuzana
This thesis is deliberative to working the curriculum in natural science. It contains two propsal of tourist excursions and one demonstration lesson. Its aim is to create a positive bearing of pupils to the nature and its protection in amusing way and to strenghten the knowledge of basic principles of the nature science with taking full use of interdisciplinar relations. The thesis is designed for pupils of the 4 th. class of primary school with educational program RVP ZV next for pupils of 4 th. {--} 8 th. year-class of primary school with educational program {--} the enclosure modulating education of pupils with light mental handicap. The work sheets are cretated for the lesson and the short trips into natural surroundings and contains the tasks aimed for separate stands.
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The Window of Opportunity. Cross-border environmental exchange on the South Moravian-Lower Austrian border in 1984-1995
Vnoučková, Kateřina ; Konrád, Ota (advisor) ; Olšáková, Doubravka (referee) ; Šimková, Pavla (referee)
The dissertation deals with cross-border contacts and transfers between South Moravia and Lower Austria in the field of environment. The thesis traces this topic from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. During this time, the global de-escalation of tensions between East and West enabled the development of cross-border contacts already in the era of the closed border and subsequently after the fall of the Iron Curtain. Thus, the thesis draws on the transnational history of late socialism and the transition period and extends this research to include a regional perspective. The aim of the thesis is to show which role the environment played in cross-border contacts between the examined border regions. The thesis follows this aim in three levels of research. Firstly, it addresses the question of whether 1989 was a significant turning point in cross-border contacts, or whether there was continuity between developments in the 1980s and 1990s. Secondly, it examines the relationship between central and local developments and how they affect each other. Thirdly, the thesis focuses on cross-border transfers and the question to what extent asymmetry and different living standards discouraged or created opportunities for these transfers. The thesis answers these research questions in three thematic chapters - the...
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Nature conservation - long distance running; Case study: Mountain race B7 and PLA Beskydy
Jančová, Martina ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Skripnik, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis tries to look into the issue of conflict between sport and recreation, mass sporting events and nature and landscape protection in the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area in the form of a case study dealing with the Beskydská sedmička race, which ranks among the most popular extreme mountain marathons in the Czech Republic. The thesis is also interested in the impact of the race on the nature in the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area and the leisure time of tourists in the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area. The thesis draws mainly on interviews with the race participants, the race director and the Administration of the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area, and the participant observation method was used for research purposes during the Beskydská sedmička race in 2021. All these methods are then processed by triangulation into individual headings describing the issues of sport in the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area and its possible visions for the future. Key words PLA Beskydy, nature protection, relationship to nature, mountain running, sport in protected areas
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Population Genetics of Parasites and Their Arthropod Hosts
Bezányiová, Kateřina ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Votýpka, Jan (referee)
Arthropoda are currently the largest metazoan phylum. Given that organisms with parasitic lifestyle are thought to comprise the majority of existing species, it's easy to imagine an immense diversity of parasites interacts with arthropods. However, in comparison to organisms parasitising vertebrates, parasites of arthropods are direly understudied despite their abundance, importance, and potential usefulness. Amongst other things, parasites can be used as tools allowing the inference of information on host life history, ecology, and past events the host species have experienced. Population genetic structure of parasites and other symbionts may reflect these traits and events due to their close relationship with the host. Even though parasites comprise a diverse assemblage of taxa, it's possible to identify convergent patterns in their biology. Models predicting congruent population genetic co- structuring can be thus based on a few traits such as host specificity, life cycle complexity or parasite and/or host dispersal. In some cases, the parasite may provide better resolution of population structure than the host itself, serving as a proxy that may be used to direct conservation programmes of both the host and parasite, as has already been done with parasites of vertebrates. This thesis summarises known...
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Legal regulation of special territorial conservation of nature in the Czech Republic and in the State of Israel
Šichmanová, Kateřina ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Damohorský, Milan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis and comparison of the legal regulation of special territorial nature protection in the Czech Republic and the State of Israel. The main aim of the diploma thesis is to provide an overview of the legal regimes pertaining to special territorial nature protection in the compared countries and to confront different legal institutes and thus draw attention to some problematic aspects of the present law. The thesis is divided into 5 chapters. The first chapter provides an introduction and is followed by the second chapter, which deals with the legal regulation of the special territorial nature protection in the Czech Republic and it is divided into five parts. The first part of the second chapter briefly introduces the historical development of establishing specially protected areas and also describes former legal regimes of the special territorial nature protection. Since national and international legal regulation in this field are closely connected, the thesis emphasises the most important international treaties in the sphere of special territorial nature conservation, including the legal framework of the European Union. The third part is concerned with classifications of the specially protected areas in the Czech Republic and the process of their...
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Legal regulation of creation and protection of Natura 2000 network
Dostálová, Kateřina ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Humlíčková, Petra (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with legal regulation of creation and protection of Natura 2000 network. Natura 2000 is a system of protected areas created in Member States of the European Union which is aimed at preservation and potential renewal of natural habitats and rare and threatened species of wild fauna and flora. The objective of the creation of Natura 2000 network is to ensure the diversity of species and ecosystems, primarily the rare and threatened ones. The network is composed of the Special Protection Areas (SPAs) designated on the basis of the Birds Directive and of the Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) designated according to the Habitats Directive. The introductory chapter deals with historical development of the nature conservation on the Czech territory up to the present and as follows it gives an explanation of the term the Natura 2000 network. The chapter 2 is devoted to the most significant international conventions related to Natura 2000. The Bern Convention has even inspired some articles of the regulation included in the Directives. The chapter 3 is focused on the European legal regulation of nature and biodiversity protection. The nature conservation area comes under the EU environmental policy and it is related to other policies as well. The legal basis is contained in the...
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Land treatment and its relationship to the protection of the environment
Měkota, Jan ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Drobník, Jaroslav (referee)
Land Consolidation and its Relation to Environmental Protection- Abstract Land consolidation is term used for rearrangement and readjustment of land parcels and their ownership in order to assure their rational use. In its modern form, it became part of Czech legislature when Czech National Council's Act No. 284/1991 Coll. was officially published. Current legal regulations of land consolidation are provided in Act No. 139/2002 Coll., as amended. This Act enumerates main goals land consolidation, carried out in the public interest, should achieve. Primary task of this dissertation is to review how land consolidation can contribute to the environmental protection. Soil fund upgrading as well as improvment of landscape aesthetics and its ecological stability are stated among main goals of the currently effective land consolidation legal regulations. In its initial chapter, this dissertation describes purpose of land consolidation and gives definition of its objects. Following chapter briefly deals with the history of land consolidation on Czech, Moravian and Silesian territory. Reflecting our country's history, real estate ownership evolution was very dynamical in past 160 years. Knowledge of this evolution is crucial for understanding of reason and purpose of land consolidation. Third chapter guides the...
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