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Inquiry-based education focused on traffic noise pollution
Gonzálezová, Natálie ; Jelen, Jakub (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on teaching the impacts of traffic in grammar schools. Specifically, it addresses one of the leading negative impacts, namely noise pollution, which is a worsening problem as the volume of traffic continues to grow. The aim of the thesis is to create and implement a lesson on this topic using an inquiry-based teaching approach. Pupils will learn how to measure approximate noise levels, understand its impacts, and devise a plan to improve the situation. The lesson will be pilot tested by pupils from the Secondary School of Surveying and the Geographical Grammar School in Prague. The theoretical part introduces the issue of noise pollution in more detail, describes inquiry-based teaching and its integration into lessons. The practical part provides teaching materials and a thorough methodology, that serves as a guide for teachers who would like to apply the lesson in their classes. Subsequently, the course of the lesson at the Geographical Grammar School is described, along with reflections from both the teacher's and students' perspectives. Based on assessment of the students' knowledge before and after the lesson, they appeared to have a better understanding of the issue. In the feedback, the pupils especially appreciated the fieldwork, the formation and testing of...
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Influence of Scanning Geometry on the ULS Point Cloud quality
Kolář, Michal ; Potůčková, Markéta (advisor) ; Anders, Katharina (referee)
The use of UAV LiDAR allows for the acquisition of precise and detailed point clouds of the Earth's surface. Evaluating sources of uncertainty, such as direct georeferencing parameters (GNSS, IMU), atmospheric effects, data preprocessing, or scanning geometry, play a crucial role in determining the spatial accuracy of each individual point. With the vast amount of points collected and the variability of the scanned surface, it is important to consider what percentage of points accurately represent the Earth's surface, as well as understanding the noise fraction and how it varies with the scan geometry. The objective of this thesis is to identify noise in data captured from a rock glacier and to assess the impact of scanning geometry on the occurrence of noise. This study analyses a high-density ULS point cloud (1200 points/m2) acquired on the "Äußeres Hochebenkar" (AHK) stone glacier in the Ötztal Alps, Austria. The large volume of data (147 million points) poses a great challenge for its processing. To eliminate system errors, additional strip merging was first performed over a total of 29 flight strips. Subsequently, selected scan geometry attributes (scan distance, scan angle, incidence angle, slope, relative orientation of trajectory and slope exposure, etc.) were calculated. Five algorithms...
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The comparison of voiced and unvoiced consonant pairs
Šablatúra, Šimon ; Smékal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Jirásek, Ondřej (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the comparison of voiced and unvoiced consonants. The aim of the work is the analysis of the pronunciation of single consonants in different languages. Five pairs of voiced and unvoiced consonants were selected for this work and were recorded by five narrators. Subsequently, these recordings were analyzed in the Matlab, Praat and Excel programs, where spectra, formant regions and directional characteristics of single consonants were compared. These analyzes were related to the physiological formation of consonants in the given language. The selected languages for this work are Spanish, Slovak, Czech and Russian.
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Numerical simulation of gear mesh stiffness
Rackovský, Daniel Milan ; Prokop, Aleš (referee) ; Řehák, Kamil (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the simulation of the spur gears mesh stiffness. The introductory part of the thesis presents a detailed review of the knowledge in the field of gear theory, gear error and also NVH of gears. The next part of the thesis describes the basic principles of the function of the parametric FEM model of gear mesh, which was developed for the purpose of this thesis. The last part of the thesis presents the results of FEM simulations in which the effect of manufacturing error of the gears on the STE waveform was investigated. The basis of the simplified production error model was the sine function. The effect of the number of periods of this function and the magnitude of the amplitude on the STE waveform was investigated. The effect of the magnitude of the load torque on the STE of the production-error gear was also verified. The magnitude of the amplitudes of the sine function was determined to match the allowable wheel shape tolerances according to ISO 1328-1. The problem was solved in Ansys Mechanical APDL using a parametric FEM model based on APDL language.
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Methodology for Identification of Turbocharger Noise and Vibration Sources
Valenta, Otakar ; Kocman, František (referee) ; Novotný, Pavel (advisor)
Malfunctions of machines and machine components are usually accompanied by an increase in vibration and noise. By analysing these vibrations and noises, it is possible to assess their overall condition, diagnose problems and detect possible anomalies and malfunctions. For a successful and practical analysis of turbocharger sounds and vibrations, it is necessary to distinguish turbocharger sounds and vibrations from ambient noise and obtain their characteristics in real time. In the thesis there is performed detailed analysis of the turbocharger noises and vibrations, the sources and reasons for the occurrence of individual vibrations and noises are described, their dependencies on the characteristics of the turbocharger and their allocation to the frequency band. In Matlab Simulink environment, a mobile phone software is developed to provide real-time analysis of the turbocharger sound and to display the probable cause of the turbocharger noises and failure in a graphical interface. The software was tested using sound recordings of Garrett GTD2056 and PBST TCR16 turbocharger sounds. The software is developed using a student version of Matlab and may serve as a foundation for the development of commercial software applications.
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The influence of urban greenery on the quality of the environment
Prokš, Dominik ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the impact of urban green space on the quality of the environment. As the first topic the concept of urbanization appears and closely related to this is what the city as such represents for society. Furthermore, much attention is already paid to urban green spaces and their functions and effects on the urban environment. Public greenery has an impact on air and climate functions, as well as on rainwater management, preventing the spread of noise, trapping dust and, finally, greenery has a positive effect on the psyche of the inhabitants. Furthermore, the maintenance and care of plants and grassland is addressed. In the practical part, is discussed the concept of management and form of public urban greenery in the territory of the Statutory City of Brno, where, among other things, are described the assigned individual managers of urban greenery in the territory of the city and their duties and problems associated with maintenance. The function of the geological and informative system called GIS is also presented, which is an application for the administrators and the public for a clear orientation in the city and its environment. The last chapter is devoted to the measurement of pollutant concentrations in Brno's air.
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Analysis and design of decoupling capacitors in the 65 nm CMOS digital standard library
Kučera, Radek ; Bartoš, Pavel (referee) ; Král, Vojtěch (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá návrhem blokovacích kondenzátorů ve formě CMOS tranzistorů pro stabilizaci napájecího napětí v digitální standardní knihovně se zaměřením na 65 nm technologii. Úvod poskytuje přehled CMOS technologie a popis MOS struktur. Analýza porovnává čtyři topologie blokovacích kondenzátorů (NMOS, PMOS, CMOS, Cross-Coupled) a identifikuje Cross-Coupled jako nejlepší volbu. Poslední část se zaměřuje na návrh a optimalizaci layoutu blokovacích kondenzátorů. Byly vytvořeny čtyři různé layouty, optimalizované pro kapacitu, činitel jakosti, svodový proud a kompromis mezi těmito faktory, aby mohly být integrovány do standardních digitálních knihoven podle specifických aplikací.
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Reduction of vibration and noise at passenger car interior
Patočka, Pavel ; Prokop, Aleš (referee) ; Řehák, Kamil (advisor)
This thesis addresses the issue of reducing vibrations and noise in the interiors of passenger vehicles, which is commonly tackled today by additional soundproofing using vibration-damping and sound-absorbing materials. In the research part of this thesis, besides methods for measuring vibrations and noise, the properties and application methods of these materials are described in detail. As the name of these materials suggests, their main goal is to dampen vibrations and absorb sound. Their principle, in simple terms, consists of converting mechanical or sound energy into another form of energy (most commonly thermal energy). However, the application of these materials to a structure affects its modal properties, including natural frequencies and mode shapes. To further investigate the influence on natural frequencies and mode shapes after applying vibration-damping material to a structure, both numerical and experimental modal and harmonic analyses of a simple metal sheet sample were conducted. The benefits of vibration-damping and sound-absorbing materials in terms of additional vehicle soundproofing were evaluated based on a road test conducted under real operating conditions.
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Deep learning-based noise reduction in X-ray images
Říhová, Barbora ; Jakubíček, Roman (referee) ; Zemek, Marek (advisor)
Technologie zobrazování pomocí rentgenových paprsků je základem zkoumání vnitřní struktury velké škály objektů a výsledky mohou být právě kvůli šumu kompromitovány. Tato práce se zabývá odstraňováním šumu v rentgenových projekcích pomocí hlubokého učení, které má schopnost adaptovat se na konkrétní problém. Práce obsahuje teoretickou rešerši zaměřenou na oblasti produkce a detekce rentgenových paprsků, šumu v rentgenových snímcích a neuronových sítí. Speciální kapitola je věnována popisu vybraného řešení, které je provedeno pomocí tvorby datasetu složeného z části z modelovaných rentgenových projekcí s následně implementovaným šumem odpovídající modelu v reálných snímcích a částečně ze sérií rentgenových projekcí získaných ze zařízení Rigaku nano3DX. K implementaci byla vybrána architektura konvoluční neuronové sítě RIDNet, vzhledem k tomu, že poskytuje v oblasti redukce šumu dobré výsledky. Byly natrénovány tři modely s použitím různých částí datasetu. Nejlepší výkon byl pozorován u modelů, u kterých byla při trénování použita reálná data. Jejich účinnost je srovnatelná s tradičními metodami jako BM3D.
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Railway Tracks Possessions
Kapounek, Jan ; Kovařík, Radovan (referee) ; Svoboda, Richard (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of the costs of two specific cases of the railway track possession, organised by the national railway infrastructure manager Správa železnic, with the particular attention being paid to analysing the costs resulting from delay and noise. The rail possessions were being held on a part of the route Olomouc–Nezamyslice and Kroměříž–Zborovice. The thesis is divided into two conceptual parts. The first one covers an overview of legislative documents and the general introduction of inputs. Objectives are set out in the beginning of the second part, which besides the costs evaluation also focuses on the track possessions in the operating terms. The end of the thesis summaries the results, evaluates the research and contains a few described recommendations for organising similar railway tracks possessions.
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