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Hodnocení laterality koní
SEDLÁČKOVÁ HANZLÍKOVÁ, Petra
Laterality is the ability of animals to predictably and non-randomly prioritize the right or left side of the body in a variety of activities. The aim of this diploma thesis was to create an overview of existing scientific knowledge concerning the laterality of livestock with a focus on horses. In the next part, the aim was to evaluate the laterality of horses using five tests and then evaluate their results. A total of eight horses of the Czech Warmblood breed were tested by five different laterality tests and 1216 measurements were performed. Testing of horses was performed on a family organic farm, dealing with both animal - horse breeding and plant production. Each horse was tested by three tests evaluating motor laterality (forearm preference test when grazing, galloping and forelimb use preference when getting up from a lying position), one test evaluating sensory laterality (olfactory preference test using one nostril over the other) and foreleg test swirls on the head. Laterality was determined by calculating the laterality index (LI). The results were evaluated using the statistical program Statistics 12 (TIBCO?), chi-square test and correlation analysis. Four horses agreed on most laterality tests. In total, 62,5 % of horses were ambilateral, 25 % left-handed and 12,5 % right-handed. No effect of age (p = 0,549) or sex (p = 0,202) on horse laterality was demonstrated. Motor tests proved to be the most reliable (67 to 100 %). On the contrary, the least reliable was the olfactory test, which showed the highest error rate, specifically 87,5 %. Knowledge of sensory and emotional lateralization can be beneficial in various types of training, training, but also in the normal life of the horse.
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Spontaneous directional preferences in \kur{Eublepharis macularius}: Laterality and cardinal direction preferences
VOTRUBOVÁ, Kateřina
Despite increasing numbers of studies on orientation, magnetoreception and laterality, there is only few of them focused on reptiles. This thesis points out this issue and tries to come up with a new infromation about orientation in reptiles. Practical part is aimed at laterality in leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius) by testing it in T-maze. It also focuses on potential influence of the Earth's magnetic field on orientation in T-maze and geckos ability to perceive this field. Additionally, this thesis include some general evaluation of gecko's etology throughout the experiment.
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The relation of laterality and selection of rotation direction in U12 figure skaters
Hájková, Klára ; Sedláčková, Marie (advisor) ; Musálek, Martin (referee)
Title: The relation of laterality and selection of rotation direction in figure skating at children in preschool and younger school age Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to construct a test battery on the ice surface, to assess the laterality, i. e. the preferred lower limb and the preferred side of rotation and turning, for beginning figure skaters in preschool and younger school age. Subsequently, individual items of this test battery are examined with items from the standardized test battery for the child population aged 8-10 years, according to Musálek (2013). The relationships of individual test items are determined in order to determine whether the individual test items on the ice surface can be used to represent a relatively reliable tool for determining the rotation direction of a beginning figure skater. Methods: We use testing by standardized battery of tests according to Musálek (2013) for the diagnosis of motor manifestations of laterality for children aged 8-10. Next is used testing by created test battery on the ice surface, which should fulfill the purpose of demonstrate the preferred lower limb, or the preferred side of rotation and turning. Results: Test battery created for use on the ice surface shows some reliability only for test items that are designed to express the...
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Asymmetry of the face and facial expressions in relation to handedness
Hřebcová, Eliška ; Velemínská, Jana (advisor) ; Kožejová Jaklová, Lenka (referee)
Facial asymmetry is developed in every human and has an impact on everyone's life. Research of facial asymmetry is important not only in plastic surgery, aesthetic medicine and orthodontics, but also in forensic sciences, bioarchaeology and sociocultural anthropology. It can be influenced by various factors including the lateralization of cerebral hemispheres for cognitive and motor functions. According to the literature, handedness in humans is one of the most important forms of laterality which is probably related to facial asymmetry. The observed asymmetries differ not only between left-handers and right-handers, but also between men and women. Emotional expressions are also expressed asymmetrically on the face. Differences between positive and negative emotions as well as spontaneous and voluntarily expressions were observed. Different forms of laterality of motoric and cognitive cerebral functions are related to each other and their impact on facial asymmetry is therefore very complex.
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The comparison of stereognosis and pallesthesia of the preferred and non-preferred upper extremity in students of physiotherapy
Boráňová, Martina ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Vomáčková, Helena (referee)
Title: The comparison of stereognosis and pallesthesia of the preferred and non-preferred upper extremity in students of physiotherapy Objectives: To the objectives of the work belong the processing and compilation of information concerning laterality and sensation in the region of the upper extremities, then to evaluate the preference of the upper extremity by means of elected tests in 30 students of physiotherapy and to evaluate, whether the sensitivity of stereognosis and pallesthesia is higher in the region of the non- preferred upper extremity than in the region of the preferred upper extremity or whether the sensitivity of stereognosis and pallesthesia both of the upper extremities do not differ. Methods: The tasks of the work were dealt with four tests directed to the examination of preference, stereognosis and pallesthesia in the region of upper extremities. The statistic analysis of the results of the examination was carried out by means of paired t-test. Results: In the examination of pallesthesia in the region of processus styloideus radii and in the examination of stereognosis the null-hypothesis, that the sensitivity of pallesthesia / stereognosis examined by selected test in the region of preferred and non-preferred upper extremity in students of physiotherapy does not differ, was at...
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Cerebral laterality in birds and mammals, its behavioral correlation and evolutionary significance
Tureček, Petr ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Němec, Pavel (referee)
Lateralization of brain is ubiquitous quality of vertebrate brain. In this paper we rewiev examples of brain lateralization in birds and mammals and it's behavioral impacts. Than we discuss possible evolutionary origins of these asymmetries and their evolutionary significance. We try to explain individual as well as population level lateralization. We propose, that population level lateralization can, in principle, arise just on the genofondal basis, if the organism itself contributes to the enviroment with the lateralized behavior. Lateralized sensory input on the other hand should stand on the advantages of synchronizing with other individuals due to the disatvantage of predictability of lateralized population. Keywords: Lateralization; laterality; population level lateralization; asymmetry; evolutionary significance
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Influence of laterality in somatognostic functions of floorball players
Žarković, Dragana ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Vláčilová, Ivana (referee)
! Title of thesis : Influence of laterality in somatognostic functions of floorball players Demarcation of the issue : This thesis is dedicated to the influence of laterality in somatognostic functions of floorball players and it rates relation between these two phenomenons. It is a first research in this branch and sport, also, it informs about the coherence of these two phenomenons, from the point of view as a cause of sports injuries and also as a prevention of sports injuries. Justification : Athletes get injured frequently in many different situations. Often, we are dealing with an injury as a consequence, but not the real cause. Physical therapist should get oriented in this problematics to be more effective in the healing process of the athlete. To avoid such problems in adulthood, we should be more focused on the prevention just at the beginning of a sports career of a small athlete. No matter what sports level the athlete had achieved, we are focusing especially in one-sided sport activities. Aim of the thesis : The aim of thesis is to find out any coherence of the effect of one-sided sports, as floorball, to somatognostic functions of players at the age between 6 - 14 years old. Methodology of the thesis : Research is created in a form of descriptive - associative academic method. It is...
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Work with left-handed pupil at the beginning of the school attendence
Uhlířová, Petra ; Linková, Marie (advisor) ; Kropáčková, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the laterality and the ways of diagnosis at children. It is divided into three parts - theoretical, practical and appendixes. The theoretical part deals with laterality, methods of diagnostic and methodology of work with left-handed pupil at the beginning of the school attendance. The aim of research in the practical part of the thesis was to find information about working with left-handed pupils between the students of primary teaching and teachers in practise. The appendixes of this thesis include the questionnaires used for the practical part of the thesis and worksheets for pupils to relax their hand while writing.
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Analysis of the shoulder girdle injury and therapy of overhead athletes in Czech republic
Vocásek, Jan ; Satrapová, Lenka (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Author: Bc. Jan Vocásek Thesis title: Analysis of the shoulder girdle injury and therapy of overhead athletes in Czech republic Cíl: The aim of the thesis was to create a literal research for the shoulder girdle injuries of overhead athletes, theoretically to write the anatomical and kinesiological characteristics of the shoulder girdle, to analyze the biomechanics, injury mechanisms in individual overhead sports, rehabilitation treatment and to find out how frequent the injuries of athletes in the Czech Republic follow-up treatment varies from abroad. Methods: For the purpose of this research was established a non-standardized questionnaire, based on literature studied and research questions, and then was distributed to 6 selected physicians dealing with this issue in the Czech Republic, who anonymously filled out questions regarding the shoulder joint injury based on their own clinical experiences. Results: Four of the six hypotheses were confirmed from the data obtained. The number of patients with shoulder girdle injuries in overhead sports in the Czech Republic has risen year- on-year and the most common injury is SLAP lesion. It has also been confirmed that the most common injury is caused by ball overhead sports and on the dominant upper limb. Key words: shoulder girdle, overhead sports,...
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