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Cocoliche and lunfardo in Argentinian Spanish: a sociolinguistic approach
KRÁLOVÁ, Pavlína
The aim of this thesis is to characterize the Argentine Spanish phenomena cocoliche and lunfardo and their role in contemporary Argentine Spanish. The first part of the thesis focuses on the definition of theoretical terms such as social class, linguistic variety and language contact, which are crucial for the classification and further characterization of both phenomena. In the next part, the author examines the phenomena of cocoliche and lunfardo, explaining their origins, evolution and the historical-cultural context of the emergence of these phenomena as well as the current tendencies of use in Argentine Spanish. Based on a questionnaire survey, the author specifies the type of communicative situations and the frequency of usage of selected lunfardisms. In addition, the analysis of the data obtained in situ is enriched with the results of the perception of some lunfardisms from the perspective of Argentine speakers. Finally, the conclusions are contrasted with the results of a quantitative analysis carried out in the form of a corpus search in El Corpus del Espa?ol del Siglo XXI. On the basis of the results of the empirical part of the work, an etymological glossary is compiled.
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Andean Spanish as a product of contact with Quechua and Aymara
Rataj, Vlastimil ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Vrhel, František (referee) ; Zajícová, Lenka (referee)
Andská španělština jako produkt kontaktu s kečuánštinou a ajmarštinou Andean Spanish as a product of contact with Quechua and Aymara Disertační práce Vedoucí práce: Vlastimil Rataj 2014 prof. PhDr. Bohumil Zavadil, CSc. Abstrakt Andská španělština je varianta španělštiny používané v andských oblastech od jižní Kolumbie po severozápadní Argentinu a vznikla jako produkt kontaktu s místními indiánskými jazyky, kečuánštinou a ajmarštinou. V této práci, na základě kvalitativního zpracování části korpusu získaného při terénním výzkumu v jižním Peru (Cuzco), analyzuji některé typické rysy místní andské španělštiny, srovnávám je s kečuánštinou a snažím se prokázat, zda se jedná o transferenci z kečuánštiny. V úvodních částech je přehled klasifikace americké španělštiny v andských zemích, základní informace o místních indiánských jazycích a popis kečuánské gramatiky srovnávaný se španělštinou. V závěru práce je přehled studovaných jevů. Klíčová slova: andská španělština, španělština, kečuánština, jazykový kontakt, Cuzco, Peru Abstract Andean Spanish is a variety of Spanish used in Andean region from south Colombia to south-west Argentina, and it emerged as a product of contact with local Amerindian languages, Quechua and Aymara. In this thesis, based on a qualitative analysis of a part of a corpus obtained during a...
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An analysis of the history of French borrowings' pronunciation from Middle to Modern English on the basis of corpus data
Rosová, Daniela ; Tichý, Ondřej (advisor) ; Čermák, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis An analysis of the history of French borrowings' pronunciation from Middle to Modern English on the basis of corpus data attempts to account for the influence of Old French borrowings and their pronunciation on the Middle English phonological system with respect to Modern English. The theoretical part of the thesis explains extralinguistic and intralinguistic aspects of language contact and the related lexical and phonological borrowing, which is followed by an overview of the history of the English and French phonological systems and complemented by the corresponding scribal practices. The research is carried out on a list of French loans extracted from and further studied in Oxford English Dictionary. Selected samples are looked up in a Middle English corpus and their probable pronunciation is inferred on the basis of their orthography. The analysis is concerned with five French phonemes absent in the medieval English.
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Grammatical description and analysis of intrasentential codeswitching between Dutch and English
Rezková, Iva ; Pekelder, Jan (advisor) ; Nortier, Jacomine (referee) ; Vismans, Roel (referee)
in English This dissertation deals with one form of language contact in today's Dutch: the 'intrasentential codeswitching' between Dutch and English. The term 'intrasentential codeswitching' refers to such a bilingual situation in which the two languages have unequal roles: the so called matrix language (here: Dutch) determines the grammatical structure of codeswitching, and the so called embedded language (here: English) provides elements of various length which are inserted/embedded into the matrix frame. The definition of codeswitching which sees the phenomenon as a kind of insertion is based on Myers-Scotton's theories (1992, 2001, 2005) introduced in Matrix Language Frame Model (MLF-model). It is a structural model based on neuro- and psycho-linguistic research of language formation. The outcome of the research is a formulation of a set of grammatical hypotheses and principals which explain the codeswitching structure and which the author declares to be universally applicable to all language pairs. In this research, the Dutch-English codeswitching has been examined from a grammatical point of view. The research material consists of a written corpus, which contains 430 examples of Dutch-English mixed sentences. First of all, a morphological and syntactical analysis of the corpus has been...
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Bautzen and Budyšin: Language Ideologies in the Capital City of Sorbs
Škrob, Jan ; Samek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Zandlová, Markéta (referee)
In this thesis, I attempt to describe and analyse language ideologies relevant in the specific situation of the Sorbian minority in the city of Bautzen (Sorbian: Budyšin) - a city with a clear German majority at the same time considered a cultural, social and political centre of Sorbs - with a special emphasis on links between language and nationalism. Focusing on these links, I also examine the specific role of language for maintainance of Sorbian national identity. I also view Sorbian language ideologies in the broader context of social and political relations in and around Bautzen, whereas I, among other topics, inquire into recently significant hatred of local German radical right towards the Sorbian minority. At the same time, I attempt to capture the power relations between German and Sorbian languages. Apart from the paradigm of language ideologies, I am also informed by works of certain poststructuralist authors, especially due to their emphasis on constructivism regarding identities and language mechanisms. Keywords: language, language ideologies, nationalism, language nationalism, identities, national identity, ethnicity, language and power, Sorbian, German, language and politics, language contact
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Peripheral Old Czech names for Owls
Hořejší, Michal ; Voleková, Kateřina
This paper focuses on the interpretation of the Old Czech peripheral ornithonyms vap, vapek a puňek. Based on an analysis of the context for the evidence, and with the help of more recent sources and an analysis of the morphological structure, several findings have been made: a) the Old Czech vap is a deverbative formed from the Croatian vapiti, which provides further proof of contact between the two languages during the Middle Ages, b) the formant -ek performs a complex function in the names of animals, as it may simultaneously carry a diminutive and an agentive meaning, while including the information that the word is the name of an animal, c) the distribution of the names of animals was loose in earlier times, with one term frequently relating to several referents, whereas one animal commonly bore several names.
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Corpus based analysis of the competition of linguistic expressions of Old Norse and Old English origin in the Late Old English and Middle English periods
Schlindenbuchová, Magdalena ; Tichý, Ondřej (advisor) ; Čermák, Jan (referee)
This paper seeks to illustrate the influence of Old Norse on the English lexicon. The theoretical part deals mainly with the socio-historical background and with the invasions of the Old Norse speakers, which brought about the changes in the English language. Furthermore, it discusses the idea of mutual intelligibility of the two languages concerned and it describes the characteristics of the language contact situation, which lasted for about 200 years, during which speakers of Old Norse invaded the British Isles. The aim then is to relate these events and factors to the linguistic changes in historical English caused by the influence of Old Norse. The changes shall be illustrated on the competition of concrete linguistic expressions of Old Norse origin and Old English origin. The research itself focuses on the examination of the competition during the periods of Late Old English and Middle English, and it is carried out in the Old English and Middle English corpora (YCOE, PPCME2). The analysis comprises four words of Old Norse origin and their four Old English equivalents. Key words: historical linguistics, borrowing, language contact, corpus linguistics, Old English, Middle English, Old Norse
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Light verb constructions in Humanistic Czech
Martínek, František ; Kučera, Karel (advisor) ; Kosek, Pavel (referee) ; Bunčić, Daniel (referee)
Light verb constructions in Humanistic Czech This thesis surveys the supposed properties of light verb constructions (LVC, in Czech analytická verbonominální spojení, AVNS, in German Funktionsverbgefüge) on an extensive corpus of Czech texts dating from the Humanistic period. The LVC, a combination of a semantically bleached (light, semantically weak) verb and an abstract noun (a preposition and such a noun, respectively), are defined rather broadly and understood not necessarily as a syntactic unit (predicate) but rather as a lexical unit different from both free collocations and phrasemes. Special attention is paid to transitional examples of these constructions with non- prototypical properties of the verb or noun. In the individual chapters, the semantic and syntactical properties of the light verbs are discussed, as well as the word formation (derivation) patterns of the abstract nouns forming the LVC. The core of the analysis lies in the prepositional constructions, on which the LVC-delimitation criteria are applied. It is shown that the meanings of such constructions are subjects to stabilizing and develop from spatial (or directional, respectively) to abstract meanings, including their lexicalization. Moreover, the possibilities of using alternative means of expression are examined. The last chapter...
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Bautzen and Budyšin: Language Ideologies in the Capital City of Sorbs
Škrob, Jan ; Samek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Zandlová, Markéta (referee)
In this thesis, I attempt to describe and analyse language ideologies relevant in the specific situation of the Sorbian minority in the city of Bautzen (Sorbian: Budyšin) - a city with a clear German majority at the same time considered a cultural, social and political centre of Sorbs - with a special emphasis on links between language and nationalism. Focusing on these links, I also examine the specific role of language for maintainance of Sorbian national identity. I also view Sorbian language ideologies in the broader context of social and political relations in and around Bautzen, whereas I, among other topics, inquire into recently significant hatred of local German radical right towards the Sorbian minority. At the same time, I attempt to capture the power relations between German and Sorbian languages. Apart from the paradigm of language ideologies, I am also informed by works of certain poststructuralist authors, especially due to their emphasis on constructivism regarding identities and language mechanisms. Keywords: language, language ideologies, nationalism, language nationalism, identities, national identity, ethnicity, language and power, Sorbian, German, language and politics, language contact
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