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The role of the United States dollar as world’s reserve currency since the Bretton Woods monetary system to the present
Schödel, Michael ; Šimíček, Petr (advisor) ; Štekláč, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the role of the United States dollar since The Bretton Woods monetary system to the present. During the Bretton Woods monetary system US dollar gained the dominant position. It was taken from British pound and is maintained till now. Neither crash of this system in the seventies of the 20th century nor establishment of the common European currency -- Euro, did not end the privileged position of US dollar. In my thesis I deal with advantages and disadvantages of this privileged position for USA and for other countries. Further I analyze the position of the US dollar and USA within The International Monetary Fund and I also compare selected indicators of relevant global currencies. Then I focus on the present biggest currency competitor of the US dollar -- the Euro, and the currency with the greatest potential for the future -- the Chinese yuan.
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The Issue of Poverty and Its Practical Impact in Sub-Saharan Africa
VIEHMANNOVÁ, Kristýna
The work deals with the problem of poverty and its causes, impacts and possible help in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this thesis is based on the study of documents and other resources to present the issue of poverty, its causes, indicators and possible help in Third World Countries, to investigate the ways the International Monetary Fund helps in the fight against poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa in line with the Millennium Development Goals, which were adopted by representatives of all UN Member States in 2000 at the Millennium Summit. The research was conducted by the secondary data analysis, focused on written documents, literature, press and television broadcasts on the International Monetary Fund and the question of whether this is in line with the MDGs. In the work I specify the concept of poverty in the context of African countries, I point to the geographic, demographic and cultural characteristics of this continent, the beginning of the crisis and indebtedness of states with international institutions like the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. Further, I give a detailed description of the International Monetary Fund as an institution from its foundation, including the roles it plays in financial assistance to countries. In my work I conclude that the policy proposed by the IMF, which is financial austerity, privatization and market liberalization, is by no means an effective way to economic growth in poor countries of Sub-Saharan Africa and definitely does not correspond to meeting Millennium Development Goals.
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The influence of the European union on the world economy
Sabol, Branislav ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; De Castro, Tereza (referee)
This thesis deals with an in-depth analysis of the position and the influence of the European Union within the world economy, as well as within the global economic-political scene. The work is divided into 3 chapters. On the basis of showing the economic development of the European region from the end of the 19th century till present, the first chapter provides an account of the changes that its economy had to face. The following comparison between the present EU-27 and other economic centers provides a complex image of its actual position in the world economy. The second chapter deals with current economic problems that the EU currently has to face and that have impact on its functioning in world. In its last part, the work analyses the importance of the EU in an economic-political context with the example of its position in the International Monetary Fund as a typically international economic-political institution.
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South Africa's Entry to the BRICS
Hegyiová, Barbora ; Šaroch, Stanislav (advisor) ; De Castro, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare the economy of South Africa with the economies of the BRIC countries and to analyze the main areas of common interest of the group established after South Africa's entry to the BRICS. The text is divided into three chapters. First one provides a brief overview of the development of BRICS, form defining the term BRIC to South Africa's acceptance into this group. Second chapter compares the economic situation in South Africa with the situation of other BRICS member countries, specifically GDP development, fiscal and monetary stability and position in international economic relations. Third chapter analyzes four main areas of cooperation of BRICS, namely the reform of some international institutions, strengthening mutual economic relations, sustainable development issues and maintaining peace and global security.
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Analysis of Hungary´s economic policy after the EU entry and its effects on the region of South Slovakia
Lukács, Viktória ; Ševčíková, Michaela (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
The financial crisis had a very negative influence on the economies of the Central European Region including Hungary. Its currency has depreciated significantly and the number of the indebted citizens have increased to such an extent that the country had threatened with bankruptcy. The aim of my bachelor thesis is to analyze the instruments of economic policy of Hungary after the EU entry. The first section will therefore focus on the general economic situation of Hungary, especially after the outbreak of the crisis. Furthermore, I will consider the fluctuations of the forint and discuss in detail the international help provided by the IMF. Hungary is slowly getting out of recession because of these funds. This process has a significant impact on the area of South Slovakia, which region is very sensitive to changes both in Slovak and the Hungarian economy. To find out the level of effects of the Hungarian economy on the region of southern Slovakia, I will conduct a questionnaire survey among the people of this region. Questions will concern their consumption, job opportunities and level of living. Using these data I will focus on analyzing the above mentioned situation.
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The Influence of International Organizations on the Position of Developing Countries in Global Economy
Pitkina, Anastasiya ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to find out how developing countries are involved into the global economy, what are the differences in engagement of different regions, and how international organizations (in particular IMF, WB, WTO and UNCTAD) influence the position of developing countries. The thesis also aims to evaluate conditions and possible developmental strategies, as well as causes of unsuccessful engagement. Further, the critical view on functioning of international organizations is brought. The thesis is divided into two parts; each of them consists of four chapters. The first part as a whole deals with the differentiation among developing countries and ways they are involved into the world economy. The second part shows the role of international institutions in the process of integration of developing countries.
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International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group as a part of global governance
Hrubá, Lenka ; Cihelková, Eva (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
The main goal of this diploma paper is to analyze the activity of International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group as a part of global governance during the solution to problems of recent world economy and to assess the future situation of these organizations. First chapter characterizes the process of globalization, defines global problems and meaning of global governance. Second chapter is devoted to the concrete role of International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group in the global governance, it analyses their structure, activity, decision making and functions during the solution chosen global problems. And third chapter tries to refer to the weaknesses, insufficiencies and problems of both organizations and explores the ways how to solve them.
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Multi level economic governance: the example of Southeast Asia
Wagnerová, Markéta ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
This thesis examines characteristics of the economic governance, its levels and changes that were made in response to events in Southeast Asia in 1997/1998. it describes in detail the role of levels of the economic governance during the solution of the asian financial crisis, that exposed its vulnerabilities. In response to the crisis many changes took place. In the region of Southeast Asia these changes were designed to reform the International Monetary Fund, the origin of regional cooperation in the area and reforms in particular countries of the region. The thesis also contains the evaluation of the development of the economic governance in particilar states of Southeast Asia regarding world governance indicators WGI.
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