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Self-regulation and executive functions of bilingual and multilingual children
PAŠKOVÁ, Klára
This diploma thesis examines the relationship between bilingualism or multilingualism of children of elementary school age and their executive functions and self-regulatory abilities. The aim of this thesis was to map the language development of the children involved in the context of their language choice in problem situations in which the executive part of the brain is activated. The theoretical framework is mainly based on findings on bilingualism, neuropsychology and studies dealing with the effect of multilingualism on cognitive abilities. Specifically, it focuses on the definition of bilingualism and its classification, the typology of bilingual families and upbringing, as well as the description of individual executive functions and their training possibilities. The empirical part of the thesis uses a qualitative analysis of selected aspects observed in children during the performance of two selected tests involving executive functions (the Trail Making Test and the Tower of Hanoi). It also uses information about the children's language environment and development from their parents through a questionnaire. In addition, it draws on observations of children in the school environment and interviews directly with the participating children. The results suggest that children use their dominant language to complete more challenging cognitive tasks, which provides them with comfort for thought operations and expression. Targeted executive function training for these children, because of the very principle of executive functioning, should be conducted in the language in which they feel stronger and more confident.
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Executive function in cerebral palsy and their implications for physiotherapy
Horníková, Dominika ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Vlček, Přemysl (referee)
Aim: The aim of this theoretical work is to gain an understanding of physiotherapy interventions that are effective on the executive function of children with cerebral palsy. Methodology: In a narrative review, we searched internet databases according to appropriate keywords to find studies dealing with our topic. Subsequently, the discovered studies had to meet our predefined inclusion criteria. We used MICROSOFT WORD and MICROSOFT EXCEL for this procedure. Results: Our findings are based on ten included studies consisting of three randomized controlled trials, three cross-sectional studies and four study protocols of randomized controlled trials. Some studies showed us a significant effect (p<0.05) of physiotherapy on executive function in children with cerebral palsy, where yoga, ballet modified for this diagnosis or intensive exercise were used in the intervention. In addition to their effectiveness on the executive functions we examined, these therapies also demonstrated an effect on improvement in reaching predetermined goals or walking. Conclusion: The effect of physiotherapy on executive function in children with cerebral palsy may seem like an undiscovered topic, but some of the studies we found used interventions that are effective on this investigated area. Keywords: children, cerebral...
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Executive function assessment in patients with acquired brain damage: translation and clinical use of the ‚‚Weekly Calendar Planning Activity"
Michálková, Nikol ; Krivošíková, Mária (advisor) ; Nováková, Olga (referee)
Name, Surname: Nikol Michálková Thesis supervisor: Bc. Mária Krivošíková, M.Sc. Title: Executive function assessment in patients with acquired brain damage: Translation and clinical use of the "Weekly Calendar Planning Activity" Abstract: Executive functions are absolutely essential for everyday life and when they are violated, a person is often severely limited in all areas of their life. People with a disorder of these functions tend to have problems, for example with starting an activity and planning individual steps, or are unable to complete the activity correctly and efficiently. Executive functions are localized primarily in the area of the frontal lobes and when they are damaged, an executive deficit is manifested. Clinically, the impairment of executive functions manifests itself in very diverse ways. The degree and severity of the disability depends on many factors, such as the etiology of the acquired brain damage, its location or education of the patient. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is the one-way translation of the "Weekly Calendar Planning Activity" test from English to Czech language and its subsequent verification in practice on selected patients with acquired brain damage. This is a so-called performance test that evaluates executive functions using an activity (filling in a...
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Working pace development through the ROPRATEM programme
HUMLEROVÁ, Veronika
The diploma thesis deals with the current topic of students' processing speed. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters, which contain a theoretical basis for the issues addressed. The practical part deals with a pilot research mapping the effectiveness of the ROPRATEM program and its aim is to verify the effectiveness of the ROPRATEM program in children with slow working pace and perceptual motor problems. Another part of the research is mapping the motivation of parents why they chose the ROPRATEM program, through semi-structured interviews. The research survey shows that after three months of training through the ROPRATEM program, all monitored children improved their work pace in the context of their abilities. Parents choose the program according to the recommendations from the institutions they trust (pedagogical-psychological counseling, school, respectively teacher).
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User Experience with the ROPRATEM program
DLOUHÁ, Kristína
This diploma thesis deals with the ROPRATEM program (the program for the development of work pace) and the experience of its users, specifically special pedagogues. Its aim was to clarify what progress pupils are making after the completion of th ROPRATEM program. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part contains three chapters - the first one focuses on partial functions, their deficits and their possible impact on human aktivity. The issue of executive functions and slow work pace is described in the second chapter, In the third and last chapter, the ROPRATEM program and other programs aimed at developing a similar spectrum of functions are presented. In the empirical part, the research objective of the thesis and research questions are defined. Next, the chosen research method (semi-structured interviews) and the procedure of the research investigation are described. In the particular sub-chapters, the obtained data are analyzed - they are thematically divided according to the spheres on which the conducted interviews were focused. At the end of the empirical part, the results of the research investigation are evaluated within the stated research objective and research questions. The results of the research show that after the completion of the ROPRATEM program pupils' work pace accelerates, their ability to self-control and their willingness to make control improve. Children's reading competences, visual perception, visual discrimination and visual memory also improve. Pupils are also better oriented in their duties, concentrate better, are more disciplined and more independent. Furthermore, it is possible register a more careful and faultless elaboration of assigned tasks, improvements in spatial orientation, intermodal abilities and seriality. Better fluency and uniformity in thinking and working out tasks are also monitored. Another positive impact is the deeping of the relationship between parents and their child.
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Screening for impairment and design of a rehabilitation program for executive function in substance abusers from the perspective of an addictionologist
Votavová, Aneta ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Miovský, Michal (referee)
Background: The entire research is based on the hypothesis that due to regular and long-term abuse of addictive psychotropic substances, the risk of damage to executive and cognitive functions in a given user increases. If a deficit develops, very often there is a decrease in the quality of life of the individual. The addictologist should be able to notice a deficit in his patients and, if confirmed, also intervene in the right way. Aim: The aim of the research is to create a proposal for two cognitive rehabilitation programs that could be implemented in clinical work with addictological patients. If an executive or cognitive deficit is detected in a patient, the selected programs should be able to provide high- quality and effective rehabilitation. In this way, each of the programs could bring a higher quality of life in selected patients. Another aim of the diploma thesis is to test the selected research set for damage to executive functions. The research set is divided into four groups. Each group is characterized by an abuse of a selected addictive substance or group of addictive substances. Methods: Each participant in the research set was tested through a test battery. The test battery was composed of several parts. These included frontal Assessment Battery, Pathway Test (version A, version...
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Evaluation of executive functions in patients with acquired brain damage: translation and clinical use of the "Executive Function Performance Test"
Pepřová, Tereza ; Krivošíková, Mária (advisor) ; Tichá, Zuzana (referee)
Title: Evaluation of executive functions in patients with acquired brain damage: translation and clinical use of the "Executive Function Performance Test" Abstract: Patients with acquired brain damage that have affected the frontal lobes usually develop a deficit in executive function (Kulišťák, 2017). Within self-care activities, they are limited for example in initiation, organization, sequencing, emotional control, memory, or self-evaluation. Occupational therapists can use a range of standardized tests to describe the extent of the deficit and select an appropriate rehabilitation. Executive Function Performance Test, which I used in my Bachelor's thesis, is one test from this category. The aim of the Bachelor thesis was the clinical evaluation of executive functions in patients with acquired brain damage using the Executive Function Performance Test. The minor goal was the one-way translation of the Executive Function Performance Test to the Czech language and the subsequent adaptation of the tasks for Czech patients. Furthermore, the Bachelor thesis contains a description of screening tests, clinical tests, and other standardized tests that are evaluating executive function. As well as a description of the executive functions in healthy adults. The practical part of the thesis contains a description of...
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The Relationship Between Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Executive Functioning
Novák, Ondřej ; Stehlík, Luděk (advisor) ; Uhlář, Pavel (referee)
This thesis provides brief overview of key surveys and theories dealing with the influence emotions have on selected executive functions (decision making and judgment). It discusses the issue using the theoretical framework of cognitive-experiential Self-theory (CEST), and emphasizes current knowledge and experimental approaches. It describes various approaches to understanding of emotions and their influence, such as the theories of emotional valence and affect, embodied emotions or motivational role of emotions. The thesis includes a quality research design aimed on emotional goals of specific basic emotions (fear, anger, sadness and joy). The results will provide a theoretical framework for the "feeling-is- for-doing" approach focused on the motivational component of emotions, allowing to examine it empirically.
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Test solution of Rey-Osterrieth figure by twelve years old children
Šplíchalová, Markéta ; Soukupová, Tereza (advisor) ; Goldmann, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis looks at the Rey-Osterrieth figure, its form, administration and its evaluation methods. The thesis describes the administration and test evaluation methods in single Czech manual made by M. Košč and J. Novák and also other used ways of scoring. The thesis attempt to present J.E. Meyers and K. R. Meyers scoring method that is also used by some Czech psychologists. The thesis deals with psychometric attributes of the test as well with emphasis on current available testing standards. One part of the thesis describes the development of some psychological functions by 12 years old children especially in relationship to abilities which are detected by Rey-Osterrieth figure. In practical part of the thesis is presented the main research which deals with procedure of making the test by twelve year old. The tests were evaluated by both mentioned methods with interpretation and analysis of its results. The thesis also looks at new preliminary standards for this age group. The test was also compared with individual results made by Číselný čtverec test.
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