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Discussion of research priorities of socio-economic determinants of obesity
Voglová, Daniela ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Kružík, Lubomír (referee)
This work follows the studies focused on obesity, its global extent and its serious health and economic impact. At the same time, the work examines the unsuccessful fight of public policies which try to reverse growing prevalence of obesity. Nevertheless, the main goal of the thesis is a discussion about priorities of new orientation in the research on the causes of the obesity epidemic and effectiveness of precautions that were taken in many countries and international organizations with the main aim to stop the obesity and its consequences. The discussion leads to the more detailed description of the problems connected with obesity, for instance, environmental aspects, housing culture in relation to physical activities, lifestyle in relation to advertisement/marketing, psychological and socio- psychological aspects, combating stress, etc. My intention was to find out utility of contemporary research on obesity for setting of policy fighting against obesity. At the same time, I wanted to find out other possible directions in the research into this field and discover how the discussion about priorities of the research in the experimental community proceeds. Two international dimensions of paradigmatic approaches separated to the certain degree can be considered as relevant with regard to the global...
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Fiscal Equalization in Germany.
Mynaříková, Romana ; Pešek, Jiří (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
The thesis "Financial Equalization of German Federal States - a Key German Domestic Political Issue of the Turn of the Millennium" describes one of the most important elements of the German financial system, which has been in place since 1950s. It has its constitutional justification in the principle that citizens cannot be treated differently by the government simply because they live in different parts of the federation (article 107 of the German Constitution). The fiscal equalization exists in the form of redistribution of tax revenue (individual and corporate income tax and turnover tax) primarily according to the size of the population in each German state (Bundesland). It takes place vertically between the federation and individual states and simultaneously horizontally among states themselves. The "Länderfinanzausgleich", interstate horizontal fiscal equalization among the Länder, is certainly the main factor of interregional solidarity in Germany. Without central government's intervention, it organizes the horizontal redistribution of fiscal revenues among the Länder, including the five new Länder since 1995. The operating mechanisms are quite complex. Since the amount of money, which the rich states have to pass on to the poorer states, is enormous, the financial equalization became one of...
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Některé aspekty aktuální finanční krize
Privara, Samuel ; Půlpánová, Stanislava (advisor)
Global financial crisis which started in 2007, however, with deeper roots back in past, have influenced the whole world and life of almost everyone. The thesis deals with origins and causes of the crisis, describes not all, but its most important aspects, proposes possible remedies of the factors which contributed significantly either to the emergence or to its development. Some consequences of the respective crisis phenomena are discussed as well. There has been a significant number of problems, which were not common to previous crises. The current financial crisis is specific not only by its causes, but also by the speed of spreading. The thesis also provides a detailed survey of papers devoted to the specifics of the current crisis such as securitization, sub-prime mortgages, etc.
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Economic effect of migration flows with a view to EU area
Šplíchalová, Dagmar ; Vošta, Milan (advisor) ; Kašpar, Václav (referee)
This thesis discusses the economic effects of migration in the countries of European Union. This topic is very wide with a lot of related fields. The thesis explains the basic conception, typology, development, impacts and current trends in immigration flows to EU area. The focus of the second part is illegal migration and the border protection of EU. The main part is concerned with the impact of migration flows on economic growth and labour market as well as the social and demographic factors, which deal with population aging. This impact is considered within four regions of EU. The last part of the paper is occupied by EU migration policy. Within these chapters is considered also Czech Republic in relation to migration flows and the following confrontation with the others states of European Union.
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