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Impact of retirement age on the shadow economies of Central European countries: the case of Austria and Germany
Chabak, Mariia
The bachelor thesis is focused on investigation the underlying causes of the shadow economy in Austria and Germany, with a particular emphasis on the retirement age. The research data was obtained from the World Bank Data Bank and OECD estimates related to retirement age. To conduct the research methodology and analyze the data, the MIMIC model and Stata 17 SE software were employed. The thesis results provide insights into the factors that influence the shadow economy, particularly in relation to the retirement age. Additionally, the thesis proposes methods to mitigate the adverse effects of the shadow economy growth from the retirement age perspective.
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Pension insurance benefits in the Czech Republic
COUFALOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis is theoretically aimed at clarifying the selected benefits of pension insurance in the Czech Republic. Introducing the social security system and focusing on the 1st pillar of social security in the Czech Republic. In the introductory part, the thesis focuses on the historical development of pension insurance to its present form. Then a closer look at pensions from Czech pension insurance - regular and early pensions old-age, invalidity, widow's, widow's and orphan's pensions. The bachelor thesis is prepared from the available professional literature, legislative sources and the websites of competent institutions.
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Are elderly internet users healthier?
Hozová, Karolína ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Švarcová, Natálie (referee)
This thesis examines how internet usage impacts health outcomes of elderly aged 50 and above living in European countries using data from Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Wave 8. Since bi-directional relationship between health and internet usage is expected, a two-stage least square model (2SLS) is used. Self-assessed health condition as the response variable is tested. Internet usage proved to be endogenous with respect to the health among seniors aged 65 and older by employing Wu-Hausman test. Robustness check, in the form of respondent's self-rated limitations in activities because of health, confirms the endogeneity, direction and significance of the relationship. Results show that internet usage positively affects health outcomes of seniors in the retirement age and decreases odds of poor health condition among the pre-retirement population (adults 50 to 64 years old). When accounted for socioeconomic factors in the pre-retirement age, significance of IT literacy diminishes. Other characteristics which affected health outcomes of elderly in our model are age, behavioral risks, life satisfaction, satisfaction with health care system and health literacy. Keywords: elderly, internet usage, health status, SHARE Title: Are elderly internet users healthier? Author's email:...
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The Transition from the Working Process to the Retirement
Štanclová, Marie ; Čížková, Hana (advisor) ; Dočkal, Jan (referee)
This work deals with the changes that take place in people already have retired. It addresses in particular the impact on their life in the last stage of life. Subsequently, a managing retirement as it is when people feel, describes the changes that take place in humans. Then mentions about retirement, pension types. Describes how it can be prepaired, adaptation. It talks about the roles that one has prior to retirement and beyond. Describes the reaction of older people themselves, their perception of this stage and at the same time, how they react to their surroundings. All information has been collected from respondents who have passed retirement. The structured interview was made with them and the obtained informations were subsequently processed.
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Pension insurance and demographic development in the Czech Republic
Železná, Ladislava ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Burcin, Boris (referee)
Pension insurance and demographic development in the Czech Republic Abstract The aim of this thesis is to describe the development of the pension insurance in the Czech Republic and changes in retirement age in relation to the development of life expectancy and changes in the age structure of the population of the Czech Republic. In the first part of the work, there demographic changes of the population are described and in particular, changes in the age structure of the population of the Czech Republic. The second part provides an overview of the historical development of pension insurance in the territory of today's Czech Republic, in particular the development of the most important laws, but also statistical data as well as basic concepts and characteristics of the current pension scheme. In the third part of this thesis are analyzed the changes in the age structure of the population and their relation to raising retirement age in the pension scheme of Czech Republic. Keywords: pension insurance, retirement age, the age structure of the population, life expectancy.
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Poor age - Growing over-indebtedness of persons in advanced age
Jandová, Pavlína ; Ochrana, František (advisor) ; Plaček, Michal (referee)
Western countries are facing an increasing poverty among seniors related to the demographic revolution and lengthening of life span. The so-called over-indebtedness is one of the "modern" causes and also consequences of poverty. This thesis discusses the relationship between over-indebtedness and poverty with emphasis on senior population (65+). An empiric analysis is employed to explore causes and consequences of over-indebtedness. The increasing over-indebtedness is already being targeted by public policies, however their effectiveness is low. Sufficient material and personal resources are lacking as well as not being optimally utilized. There is only limited cooperation between civil and public-law sectors. Communication with the private sector in a way of common goal setting is also deficient. In a fierce market-driven economy, elderly people become a weak link and find themselves in situations conflicting with morals, human and civil rights, and adequate quality of life in a modern society. This state of affairs threatens social integrity and demands a solution. Three participating groups were surveyed: the elderly, the employees of advisory centers and the non- bank financial institutions. Various approaches to solving the problem are discussed. The result of the analysis consists of a wide...
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The Retirement Age - the development and determinats influence over its changes
Nešporová, Stanislava ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Hedbávný, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis generally focuses on pension systems, specifically on the institution of retirement age. This institution is very important for the old-age pension system and its stability. Retirement age is an important determinant of every pension system. Demographic and economic state of society depends, among other things, on age at which citizens can retire, it's associated with standard of living of state residents. It also affects job opportunities. Since its inception the retirement age in the Czech Republic has gone through many modifications. Based on the theory of actor-centered institutionalism, the diploma thesis addresses the determinants that influenced the development of retirement age institute, including its institutional framework and actors involved in its changes. It also deals with its developmental stages. Comparison with the development in Slovakia (in some parts of diploma thesis only) will be enriched the conceptual, empirical as well as methodological realm of the thesis. Czech and Slovak Republics have shared history but the pension systems of both countries have considerably diverged. In conclusion the diploma thesis specifies the wider context of the retirement age as a part of the overall pension system. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Integration of Immigrant Women in the Retirement Age in the Czech Republic
Suchánková, Pavla ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Šatava, Leoš (referee)
The Diploma thesis deals with the issue of the integration of immigrants in the pre-retirement and retirement age in the Czech Republic. The main aim of the work is to describe and analyze a group of immigrant women in pre-retirement and retirement age in the Czech Republic, provide an overview of the situation of the women with focus on their special position in the social system and evaluate their process of integration into Czech society. The theoretical part provides the characteristics of immigrants in the Czech Republic. It is focused on the basic definitions, concepts and theories directly related to the process of immigrant integration in the pre-retirement and retirement age, thus the areas of the migration and integration, social and pension system, old age and the aging process with regard to the specific situation in the Czech Republic, including examples from abroad. The research part contains the results of research conducted mainly through the semi- structured interviews with immigrants and focuses on the methods of immigration, the process of integration, economic and social situation of immigrant women. The obtained data are confronted with information provided through interviews with experts in the field and with the findings from professional literature.
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Selected aspects of pension reform in the Czech Republic
Kaše, Miloslav ; Štangová, Věra (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee) ; Fischerová, Iva (referee)
JUDr. Ing. Miloslav Kaše, CSc., Selected Aspects of Pension Reform in the Czech Re- public, Doctoral Thesis, Charles University, Faculty of Law, Department of Labor Law and Social Security Law, Prague, 2020. Number of pages of doctoral thesis is 205. The dissertation topic evolves around certain selected aspects of the pension reform in the Czech Republic, which is the most discussed in the preparation phase of the Czech pension system reform. The chosen topic acknowledges the current problems of the Czech pension system, consisting mainly of the unfavorable development of demographic struc- ture and population aging, which is characterized by a large and irregular number of peaks and troughs on the demographic chart of the Czech Republic, connected to historical events and migration. The thesis focuses on the issue of developing and determining the retirement age and insurance coverage required for entitlement to pension and analyzes the pitfalls of increas- ing the retirement age and the length of insurance coverage required to qualify for a retirement pension. At the same time, it considers the possibilities of establishing an ad- justable retirement age range and flexibility of the whole pension system. The possibility of active economic earning vitality of pensioners is closely related to the...
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Transition from Working Life to Retirement
KUNOVÁ, Aneta
The bachelor thesis was focused on the transition from active life to retirement. The topic of this work was very topical. It deals with adults in active working life who were preparing for the next stage of life, considering retirement options, or partially or fully continuing their employment. The thesis was divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts, describes the period of active aging and preparation for old age. Attention was paid to the pension system. Furthermore, the transition from working life to retirement pension was described, which describes retirement pension, its conditions of entitlement, necessary steps to obtain it and timing of departure. The aim of the thesis was to describe how people in pre-retirement age live their current life period, how they prepare for the post-employment and retirement periods, and what factors influence their decisions on termination of employment and retirement. To carry out the research part of the thesis was used qualitative type of research and semi-structured interview technique. The research sample was made up of people who are of pre-retirement age and are considering terminating or continuing their employment. The results were processed by the open coding method. The research was to determine whether people are thinking about preparing for old age and retirement life, what they are aware of the conditions for retirement, what decisions they make and what they expect from life after leaving employment. Work can serve as material for people approaching retirement age. It can help to specify indicators of transition from active life to retirement.
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