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Ecotoxicological evaulation samples from burnt-out area
Pasírbková, Adéla ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
In the case of fires frequently wide range of inhomogeneous material is burnt. A lot of combustion products arise during this event, which may adversely affect the environment. Most often detected compounds are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, sulphane, hydrogen cyanide, nitrous gases and also organic compounds, which show adverse effects for organism. It is possible to identify and quantify most of them by chemical analysis, but their impact on the ecosystem is not predictable on the basis of these results. An effective tool to predict the impact of combustion products on the ecosystem are ecotoxicity tests. In this thesis, the water leachates of samples from fire places were prepared and subjected to ecotoxicological tests. Two alternative test of ecotoxicity on aquatic organisms were used: the first on the organism Thamnocephalus platyurus (ThamnotoxkitFTM) and the second on the organism Daphnia magna (DaphtoxkitFTM). Another testing aquatic organism was Artemia salina. Ecotoxicity was also tested using a standard phytotoxicity tests; white mustard (Sinapis alba) and white onion (Allium cepa) root growth inhibition tests and lesser duckweed (Lemna minor) growth inhibition test. On the basis of obtained ecotoxicological values LC (EC, IC)50 the impact of matrices from fire places on the ecosystem was evaulated.
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Emission standards for IC-engine vehicles and emission test systems
Náhlík, Tomáš ; Pech, Ondřej (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of emission standards and emission measurements with contemporary motor vehicles. Introduction acquaints reader with the reason it is actually necessary to address this issue and what are the main negative components of emissions by motor vehicles. Effects of such components on human health and the environment are also included. List of historic and of course current emission standards both from within the European Union and globally follows. The thesis concludes with an overview of analytic methods, tests and test techniques focused on emissions by motor vehicles.
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Pollution control strategies and techniques for combustion processes
Kunc, Vlastimil ; Chlápek, Petr (referee) ; Bělohradský, Petr (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis deals with the problems of combustion process. The work gives the overview and the description of individual design parameters of the combustion facility. The analysis of the influence of design parameters on emissions formation is followed by the description of individual kinds of emissions and their impact on the environment. Next the most used reduction techniques are described. The work is closed by the overview of the emission limits in the Czech Republic.
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Testing of heat sources combusting wood and woodchips
Staňo, Martin ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Houška, Pavel (advisor)
This master thesis focuses on the testing of the combustion equipment and the wood fuel combustion process. The aim of the thesis is to get acquainted with this issue and to analyze solutions for monitoring and control of heat source parameters according to valid legislation. The result of this thesis is the realization and verification of the software design of the combustion test system using the NI LabVIEW development environment.
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Fine particles produced by the combustion process
Bunček, Patrik ; Chýlek, Radomír (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of fine particles. The introductory chapter is focused on the general overview, formation and effect of fine particles on the human body. The following chapters aims to introduce combustion process and use of biomass. The experimental part of the thesis reports on results, evaluation and determination of fine particle formation for different environments and conditions.
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Design of combustion chamber control
Bábíček, Ondřej ; Repka, Martin (referee) ; Habán, Vladimír (advisor)
The subject of the diploma thesis is research of the testing process exhaust clamps. There is a description of a testing device designed to provide simulations of the real operating conditions on an exhaust assembly. The testing device is named the Hot Gas Test Bench. The thesis solves the optimization process of the test setup by determining the optimal fuel ratio, which is given by air flow as oxidizer and flow of natural gas as fuel. The input parameters which provide flow of mentioned fluids are speeds of blowers. In diploma thesis is created a design of initialization and control process to ensure the optional combustion ratio during the entire length of the test.
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The environmnetal impact of burning products
Ročňáková, Ivana ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
The submitted thesis deals with the study of combustion products and their impact on the environment and human organism. It explains the nature of combustion and conditions under which the fire originates. In this action is developed a large number of different substances. As concrete examples of inorganic substances were selected following compounds: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, sulphates, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide, nitrous gases and ammonia. From the organic compounds were selected only a few examples, such as the burning of plastics or the subsequent fire extinguishing device is developed by a diverse range of organic compounds. The wide range of compounds was chosen phosgene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, PAHs and extremely toxic. When burning the noxious substances into the air first and then wet or dry slope to reach the other components of the environment. These combustion products have diverse adverse effects on both humans and the environment. In some cases, these substances have fatal consequences for all components of the environment.
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Design of combustion chamber control
Bábíček, Ondřej ; Repka, Martin (referee) ; Habán, Vladimír (advisor)
The subject of the diploma thesis is research of the testing process exhaust clamps. There is a description of a testing device designed to provide simulations of the real operating conditions on an exhaust assembly. The testing device is named the Hot Gas Test Bench. The thesis solves the optimization process of the test setup by determining the optimal fuel ratio, which is given by air flow as oxidizer and flow of natural gas as fuel. The input parameters which provide flow of mentioned fluids are speeds of blowers. In diploma thesis is created a design of initialization and control process to ensure the optional combustion ratio during the entire length of the test.
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