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The collocational competence of EFL students in relation to their cognitive and affective predispositions.
Kacafírková, Petra ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Betáková, Lucie (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
The dissertation deals with the collocational competence of English language students and its relation to the naturalness of language production. In addition to the theoretical foundations of the research, the main focus is first given to the definition of collocational competence, followed by the presentation of the research project itself - a teaching intervention with students from Charles University (n = 39) over the course of one semester. Students were divided into an experimental group with explicit collocation instruction and a control group where teaching was conducted in a traditional way. The primary aim was to explore whether instruction inspired by lexically-oriented approaches contributes to the successful development of collocational competence. At the same time, we monitored individual differences, such as foreign language aptitude, anxiety, motivation, and learning strategies, and their impact on the learning process. The results suggest that explicit instruction of language in general is beneficial for students with higher levels of anxiety and weaker foreign language aptitude. Systematic lexically-oriented instruction proved to be effective in enhancing collocational competence and also contributed to naturalness of written production regardless of individual differences. The...
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Concept of the four seasons in Czech language
Pevná, Lucie ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
The diploma thesis explores the four seasons from the view point of the linguistic picture of the world theory. The etholinguistic approach is applied in the thesis - attention is paid to the Czech-specific perception of reality especially focused on the weather and the changes of the nature in the course of the four seasons. Human perception of the change is based upon the senses - the sense of hearing, the sense of smell, and touch and the eyesight. Each season is unique. The seasons can be differentiated by their season specific stereotypes, season prototypes, and connotations. On the linguistic pictures of each season collocations are built, from which new lexical items originate, describing the season as such. Due to anthropocentrism we perceive individual astronomical and meteorological issues as personified items to which we ascribe human behaviour and human qualities. The motto of the thesis says: "I will not do the spring sowing next year. " The motto denotes the interaction of two conceptual schemata (the scheme of a cycle and the scheme of a journey) realizing the fact that the natural cycle corresponds in our mental representation with the phases of human life. The difference between the concepts is that man always reaches the terminal point of his journey unlike the nature constantly...
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Vícejazyčná databáze kolokací
Helcl, Jindřich ; Hajič, Jan (advisor) ; Mareček, David (referee)
Collocations are groups of words which are co-occurring more often than appearing separately. They also include phrases that give a new meaning to a group of unrelated words. This thesis is aimed to find collocations in large data and to create a database that allows their retrieval. The Pointwise Mutual Information, a value based on word frequency, is computed for finding the collocations. Words with the highest value of PMI are considered candidates for good collocations. Chosen collocations are stored in a database in a format that allows searching with Apache Lucene. A part of the thesis is to create a Web user interface as a quick and easy way to search collocations. If this service is fast enough and the collocations are good, translators will be able to use it for finding proper equivalents in the target language. Students of a foreign language will also be able to use it to extend their vocabulary. Such database will be created independently in several languages including Czech and English. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Testing English collocations in Czech learners of English
Vaňková, Lenka ; Klégr, Aleš (advisor) ; Čermák, Jan (referee)
The present study focuses on English collocations and their testing in Czech learners of English. Since the importance of collocations and phraseology as a linguistic discipline has not been recognised until recently, these concepts are introduced from the general point of view. First, the attention is given to the history of phraseology and its underlying principles as well as to the major approaches to it. Second, phraseological units are described from the point of view of their categorisation and of some influential typologies of these units. The main focus of interest is collocations, particularly major approaches to them as well as criteria commonly used to describe and delimit collocations from other types of prefabricated units and their definition and classification. Previous research on collocations in learner English is also outlined. The analytical part (based on Granger's (1998) study) analyzes the results of testing English collocations in Czech learners of English. The main focus is on whether these results confirm or deny the results of Granger's study, as well as on the learners' knowledge of and ability to use collocations, particularly on their (non)attaining the native "ideal."
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False Friends in German and in Czech
TOLLINGEROVÁ, Lada
This bachelor thesis deals with so called faux amis. These words are interlingual homonyms, in Czech language called zrádná slova or falešní přátalé and people are using them incorrectly in German and Czech language. The theoretical part defines the terminology, what the concept of faux amis means, what the origin of this phenomenom is and how is the integration the faux amis into other languages. Furthermore it describes the definitions and the classification of faux amis by different authors. The theoretical part deals also with specific cases of faux amis, e.g. collocations and internationalisms, which are related to the issue. In the practical part is sorted corpus of words faux amis in classification resting on faux amis classification according to Věra Höppnerová.
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Vícejazyčná databáze kolokací
Helcl, Jindřich ; Hajič, Jan (advisor) ; Mareček, David (referee)
Collocations are groups of words which are co-occurring more often than appearing separately. They also include phrases that give a new meaning to a group of unrelated words. This thesis is aimed to find collocations in large data and to create a database that allows their retrieval. The Pointwise Mutual Information, a value based on word frequency, is computed for finding the collocations. Words with the highest value of PMI are considered candidates for good collocations. Chosen collocations are stored in a database in a format that allows searching with Apache Lucene. A part of the thesis is to create a Web user interface as a quick and easy way to search collocations. If this service is fast enough and the collocations are good, translators will be able to use it for finding proper equivalents in the target language. Students of a foreign language will also be able to use it to extend their vocabulary. Such database will be created independently in several languages including Czech and English. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Concept of the four seasons in Czech language
Pevná, Lucie ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
The diploma thesis explores the four seasons from the view point of the linguistic picture of the world theory. The etholinguistic approach is applied in the thesis - attention is paid to the Czech-specific perception of reality especially focused on the weather and the changes of the nature in the course of the four seasons. Human perception of the change is based upon the senses - the sense of hearing, the sense of smell, and touch and the eyesight. Each season is unique. The seasons can be differentiated by their season specific stereotypes, season prototypes, and connotations. On the linguistic pictures of each season collocations are built, from which new lexical items originate, describing the season as such. Due to anthropocentrism we perceive individual astronomical and meteorological issues as personified items to which we ascribe human behaviour and human qualities. The motto of the thesis says: "I will not do the spring sowing next year. " The motto denotes the interaction of two conceptual schemata (the scheme of a cycle and the scheme of a journey) realizing the fact that the natural cycle corresponds in our mental representation with the phases of human life. The difference between the concepts is that man always reaches the terminal point of his journey unlike the nature constantly...
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Testing English collocations in Czech learners of English
Vaňková, Lenka ; Klégr, Aleš (advisor) ; Čermák, Jan (referee)
The present study focuses on English collocations and their testing in Czech learners of English. Since the importance of collocations and phraseology as a linguistic discipline has not been recognised until recently, these concepts are introduced from the general point of view. First, the attention is given to the history of phraseology and its underlying principles as well as to the major approaches to it. Second, phraseological units are described from the point of view of their categorisation and of some influential typologies of these units. The main focus of interest is collocations, particularly major approaches to them as well as criteria commonly used to describe and delimit collocations from other types of prefabricated units and their definition and classification. Previous research on collocations in learner English is also outlined. The analytical part (based on Granger's (1998) study) analyzes the results of testing English collocations in Czech learners of English. The main focus is on whether these results confirm or deny the results of Granger's study, as well as on the learners' knowledge of and ability to use collocations, particularly on their (non)attaining the native "ideal."
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French Analytic predicates with Event nouns in "-ation".
KALIVODOVÁ, Soňa
This diploma thesis focuses on the French analytic predicates with event nouns with the suffix -ation. It is divided into two parts, a theoretical and a practical one. The theoretical part starts with a description of the analytic predicates and their caracteristics on which are based the tests used for identification of this type of predicates. It is followed by the description and typologies of the event nouns which represent one of two fondamental constituents of the analytic predicates. Then the work deals the process of nominalization, and the importance of the delimitation, sense and characteristics of the French suffix -ation is highlighted. The practical part analyses the most frequent French event nouns with the suffix -ation. First of all, a sample of thirty most frequent French nouns in -ation is selected, then the ethymology of these nouns is researched and their action sens is tested. After that, this work treats the valency of the action nouns and their collocability with verbs.
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