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Vegan activism: Czech Republic and Thailand
Hlavová, Karla ; Císař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dvořák, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis analyse vegan activism in the Czech Republic and Thailand. The aim of the work was to investigate the methods and techniques used by vegan activists and the contextual elements influencing the movement. The work used the theoretical framework of comparative and contextual analysis. The first chapter of the thesis provided an overview of social movements and concepts for their study. The next chapter explained the data collection methods and ethical aspects. The empirical part analyzed the methods, actors and environment of vegan activism in both countries. The research questions focused on the analysis of strategies and tactics of organizations in the Czech Republic and Thailand to promote veganism, as well as on how local cultural factors influence the practice and acceptance of vegan activism, as well as on the main challenges and obstacles that the movement faces. The results showed that vegan organizations in both countries focus on online activism, but with slight differences in their strategies. Cultural factors such as tradition and religion influence the practice and acceptance of veganism in each country. Among the main obstacles to the promotion of veganism in the Czech Republic are conservative attitudes to food, a lack of activists, a negative perception of non-profit...
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Collective Actions of the UN Security Council for Protection of Human Rights
Chrtová, Michaela ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Honusková, Věra (referee)
This thesis Collective Actions of the UN Security Council for the Protection of Human Rights deals with, as the title suggests, collective actions for the protection of human rights with the mandate of the UN Security Council. The thesis is divided into an introduction, conclusion, and four chapters. In the first chapter, the system of human rights protection is described, as it was set up within the newly-formed United Nations after World War II. This chapter also deals with collective actions of the UN Security Council, with or without the use of force, on a theoretical level, e.g. their authorization and possibility of measures that can be taken within the UN system against the perpetrator. Second chapter deals with examples of collective actions of the UN Security Council during the Cold War period. In this era, collective actions of the UN Security Council were authorized only twice, in case of South Africa as a reaction to their policy of apartheid, and in case of South Rhodesia as a reaction to the unilateral declaration of independence by the white minority government. Both cases are described in the chapter. The following chapter describes the development of human rights theories after the end of Cold War. With the end of the bipolar system, there is a shift in the perception of human...
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Class Actions
Karim, Martin ; Dvořák, Bohumil (referee)
Class Actions Abstract This thesis deals with class actions. These are currently (and rightly so) a much-discussed topic. On March 6, 2020, the government submitted a government bill on collective proceedings, which is controversial, primarily due to its inspiration in the American class action lawsuit. The main thorn in the side of the bill's critics is that the government proposal includes the opt-out proceedings, i.e. the type of proceedings that forces the class members to deregister. It is present in the current proposal along with the opt-in proceedings, which are guided by the opposite principle. This thesis examined, in particular, the appropriateness of adopting collective proceedings into the Czech legal order and the potential problems that the proposed arrangement may cause. Regulations on collective redress in the US (which has been an original idea source for the government bill) and the Netherlands (which shares some aspects with the current version of the bill after its January amendment) were also examined. From the methodological point of view, analytical, normative, comparative, and synthetic approaches were mainly used in this thesis. First, an analysis of legislation, literature and case law was performed. The current government bill on collective proceedings was extensively commented...
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Class Actions
Karim, Martin ; Sedláček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Smolík, Petr (referee)
Class Actions Abstract This thesis deals with class actions. These are currently (and rightly so) a much-discussed topic. On March 6, 2020, the government submitted a government bill on collective proceedings, which is controversial, primarily due to its inspiration in the American class action lawsuit. The main thorn in the side of the bill's critics is that the government proposal includes the opt-out proceedings, i.e. the type of proceedings that forces the class members to deregister. It is present in the current proposal along with the opt-in proceedings, which are guided by the opposite principle. This thesis examined, in particular, the appropriateness of adopting collective proceedings into the Czech legal order and the potential problems that the proposed arrangement may cause. Regulations on collective redress in the US (which has been an original idea source for the government bill) and the Netherlands (which shares some aspects with the current version of the bill after its January amendment) were also examined. From the methodological point of view, analytical, normative, comparative, and synthetic approaches were mainly used in this thesis. First, an analysis of legislation, literature and case law was performed. The current government bill on collective proceedings was extensively commented...
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Campaign of Cinoherni Divadlo in Ústí nad Labem - Framing Analysis
Rohanová, Markéta ; Navrátil, Jiří (advisor) ; Dohnalová, Marie (referee)
This thesis is a research of a case related to the theatre Cinoherni divadlo in Usti nad Labem, which happened in 2014. This case was about a conflict between Cinoherni divadlo and Usti nad Labem city councilmen. This conflict was reflected by the public in Usti nad Labem and other cities of the Czech Republic and the case was accompanied by various kinds of civic activism. Representatives of Cinoherni divadlo was making public statements about the conflict during the case and they was formulating their requirements and were trying to gain public support and mobilize public to join the collective action. This case of civic activism will be studied from the perspective of the framing theory. Participant's statements will be studied and for that will be used the framing analysis. There will identified diagnostic, prognostic and motivational frames, which were used by the represenatives of Cinoherni divadlo and how were the frames changing during the case. There will be also identified counterframes, which were used by the city councilmen in their reactions to the represenatitves of Cinoherni divadlo.
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Activism and Collective Violence: Šluknov Riots in 2011
Bizubová, Kateřina ; Navrátil, Jiří (advisor) ; Benyovszky, Selma (referee)
This thesis is focused on the issue of violence in civil society. Using Charles Tilly's political theory, it attempts to point out that the emergence of collective violence can be well understood by tracing small scale causes (mechanisms), rather than large causes (poverty, extremism etc.). This argument is empirically studied in the context of anti-Roma riots that took place in Šluknov Hook, Czech republic, in the year 2011. The research is based on a broad concept of civil society, which doesn't assume fixed division between civil and uncivil subjects, but works with a number of actors, whose identity is unstable and their acting strategy fluently changes from nonviolent to violent and contra. The data show, that radical actors are generally more prone to use force. However, Tilly's theory provides opportunity to explain their influence on majority through the dynamics of relationships that is studied in this paper. The catalogue of events was created on the basis of news and document analysis and the incidence of theoretically defined mechanisms is identified by process tracing method: Boundary activation between us and them (mainly network-based escalation, signaling spirals), polarization, competitive display, selective retaliation, containment, monitoring, certification/decertification and...
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Collective Actions of the UN Security Council for Protection of Human Rights
Chrtová, Michaela ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Honusková, Věra (referee)
This thesis Collective Actions of the UN Security Council for the Protection of Human Rights deals with, as the title suggests, collective actions for the protection of human rights with the mandate of the UN Security Council. The thesis is divided into an introduction, conclusion, and four chapters. In the first chapter, the system of human rights protection is described, as it was set up within the newly-formed United Nations after World War II. This chapter also deals with collective actions of the UN Security Council, with or without the use of force, on a theoretical level, e.g. their authorization and possibility of measures that can be taken within the UN system against the perpetrator. Second chapter deals with examples of collective actions of the UN Security Council during the Cold War period. In this era, collective actions of the UN Security Council were authorized only twice, in case of South Africa as a reaction to their policy of apartheid, and in case of South Rhodesia as a reaction to the unilateral declaration of independence by the white minority government. Both cases are described in the chapter. The following chapter describes the development of human rights theories after the end of Cold War. With the end of the bipolar system, there is a shift in the perception of human...
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Organisational Structures and Forms of Collective Action in Civil Sector Organisations. Case Study Czech Forum for Development Cooperation.
Vraštilová, Klára ; Šťovíčková Jantulová, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Antošová, Petra (referee)
Networking of civil society organizations has been occurring in the Czech civic sector for several years. Since the nineties a number of new networks has emerged or extended their membership base. Networks can be examined diversely. This work is focused principally on the network internal operations. The aim of this work is to show the forms of organizational structure and collective action on the example of the Czech Forum for Development Cooperation (FoRS). The operational objective is to determine whether the examined internal form of network has an effect on the achievement of its objectives. The hypothesis that the centralised and hierarchical forms of network achieve more likely their objectives was confirmed in this case. The analysis also revealed that the network FoRS acts as a "consensus- based organization". This type of structure has typically sparse network of interactions, weakly shared collective identity and the absence of conflicting orientation towards a defined enemy.
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Phenomenon of Strik: Analysis of the Dynamics of Industrial Conflicts in Contemporary France
Sabová, Katarína ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Matějka, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis aims to outline the different dynamics of strike activity and thus understand the basic principles of industrial conflicts in France in the 90s of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century. To study this problem we decided to use a dual approach. A quantitative one, which helped us to critically evaluate the statistical resources of the Ministry of Labour and to made first assumptions about decline of strike activity in France. We used as well qualitative approach in order to understand the use of strikes in various conflict situations. We tried, based on several practical examples of protests, to identify the factors and mechanisms explaining the constraints that may prevent representatives of trade unions use strikes as mobilization agents. Last but not least, our study is realized in the context of the ongoing debate in the French academic environment regarding the conversion of the repertoire of collective action. Unlike works that try to apprehend this transformation giving emphasis on the "new" forms of protest, our goal was to answer questions leading to an understanding of the conditions of continuation of the strike as a traditional way of collective struggle.
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